Iosif Flavy: Biography, upenyu pachake, mapikicha

Muna '37, kana muRoma achangobva akakwira choumambo Gay Kaligula, uyo akaberekwa muJudhiya Iosif Flavy. Zita iri - the Roman shanduro, iyo akatora zvikuru gare gare. Pakuzvarwa, mwana ainzi Yosef mwanakomana Matityahu.

mavambo

Aiva mhuri chakanaka. baba vake aiva mupristi kuzivikanwa, uye mai vake raiva roumambo ropa vechiJudha yavanaMaccabee hwedzinza. Pano zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti musoro wakapfuura pasi kuburikidza gono mutsetse, uye ndezvaiye mhuri tsika rudzi urwu - munhukadzi. Naizvozvo, zvinopesana zvimwe zvinyorwa havana kutenda kuti Iosif Flavy youmambo ropa.

Asi achiri akatungamirira upenyu nomunhu anokudzwa jaya. Imboona paumbwe Flavia. Aiziva mutauro wechiGiriki, izvo mune ramangwana achanyora mabasa ake yakakurumbira.

Education uye basa

Mumakore iwayo, paJudha vakanga dzakakurumbira vakawanda tumapoka uye dzidziso dzechitendero. Somuenzaniso, kutungamirira muKristu zvakakwana. Iosif Flavy uyewo mumakore 16, kutanga ndokubatana vaEssene uye akapedza makore matatu ari munamati.

Panoperera mukomana wechipiri makore gumi akava nhengo dzechitendero uye magariro dzinoitwa nevaFarisi, uyo aiva simba zvikuru womukati upenyu rweRoma.

Iosif Flavy kunaka kwayo mavambo uye zvaiti wechi zvakasiyana-siyana zvikuru kubatana. Apo 64, akashanyira Rome, akakwanisa kukusunungurirai vaJudha shoma, mhosva mhosva dzenhema. Akazviita nokuda kuziva Poppaea - mudzimai Nero, uyo akafa nokukurumidza zvimwe chepfu.

hondo Jewish

Zvisinei, rugare upenyu dzakaguma muna Empire. National kuzvipokanidza pakupedzisira radonha vaJudha uye guru. Emperor Nero akagadza gavhuna weruwa Washington Flora. Raiva makaro murume aidzvinyirira vomunzvimbo.

Nyika vaIsiraeri havangagoni kukunda mafungiro ichi uye vakapanduka. The kukonzera Fani iyi yava boka vapanduki vechiJudha. Raiva magariro uye enyika kufamba pakati pavaJudha, uyo aida kubvisa nyika pasimba hweRoma uye netsika.

warlord

Zvino mumwe mugari aifanira kusarudza ane divi akanga ari. First Iosif Flavy akabatana vaya vaida kugadzirisa kunetsana norugare. Asi muna 66 gavhuna weSiriya, Cestius Gallus, kare akarwisa Israeri. Naizvozvo Josefa, hapana chakasara kunze sei kudzivirira. Nokuda kwayo mukurumbira uye mavambo, akava mukuru kudzivirira kuchamhembe hafu nyika - kuGarirea.

Mukomana warlord akakwanisa kuunganidza varwi zviuru 10 zvakanaka-zvombo uye kusimbisa maguta mudunhu iri. Zvisinei, kubudirira kwaiva kwenguva duku, ndokuguma apo nyika akauya Vespasian mauto. Nhare mapfumo pasina kurwa, mumwe nomumwe, kusvikira guta rimwe chete Iotopaty. Pane kwakaitawo Iosif Flavy. hondo vechiJudha vakatora kuipa, uye kwakasarudzwa kwete kupa muvengi nhare.

Yezwi kuvaRoma

City rwakatora mazuva 47. Included mauto eRoma vakauraya vaJudha 40.000. Joseph kutiza duku simba mubako, nomukova yakanga yavharwa. Vespasian zvinganaka yokuzviparadzanisa kuzvipira, akagamuchira kungoramba. Panguva iyoyowo, Josefa akarayira mamwe masoja ake kubvuma. Pakupedzisira akakwanisa anyengetedze vateereri kuuraya mumwe munhu wose zuva, goho ose richiri kuvharidzirwa. Kuti vaite izvi, ivo mijenya. Panopera yakaramba mupenyu maviri chete - pachangu uye mukuru mumwe muJudha.

Vaviri vabvuma Kumukundi, uye Josefa akatora zita Flavius Vespasian nokukudzwa. Kana muJudha akauya kumusasa vaRoma, iye yakafanotaura suppressors Kupanduka wavarindi rokuremekedza. Pakutanga Vespasian akasarudza kuti Joseph kungoita kubiridzira pamusoro pake uye kuedza kuhwina kuvimba nounyengeri. Zvisinei, nenguva isipi akabva guta guru nhau kuti Nero akanga afa, uye pakati vamhan'ari kuri kukuru kukakavara.

Vespasian vakasarudza kutambisa nguva uye pakarepo akaenda kuEurope uko ari chokwadi akunda choushe. Achisiya kubva Judhiya, akanga agadzwa ikoko nomunhu mwanakomana wake Titus, uye Josefa akasiya dare sezvo muturikiri uye chibvumirano.

Hondo haasi pamusoro asi, uye vaRoma akakwira kuJerusarema. Kana kukombwa rakatanga, Joseph akaedza kunyengetedza vedzinza ake kuti vadzokere kuna vaRoma, chii yave aramba. Pakupedzisira, guta akawira uye rakanga sacked. Joseph akakwanisa kuvanyengetedza Tito kusunungura vanhu mazana maviri, akapfigirwa Tsvene. Mukuwedzera akanga apiwa mabhuku akawanda kuchengetwa ikoko.

mabhuku mabasa

With kutanga kwenyika, Joseph akatanga kurarama Imperial dare. Paakanga ane murume akwegura, akatanga kunyora uye akanyora mabasa mazhinji. Aya mabasa anoratidza kwete chete unyanzvi asiwo uto ruzivo, vaiva ne Iosif Flavy. "Hondo The Jewish" - ake bhuku wakakurumbira zvikuru. Inoitwa bhuku akawanda. Nyaya anofukidza nguva hondo, yakanga wakapindwa Joseph pachake. Nyaya inoguma kweJerusarema. Rondedzero iyi pashure nyaya kumashure uye yapfuura zviitiko mupurovhinzi iri.

Iosifa Flaviya bhuku "Hondo The Jewish" rinowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete "Antiquities yevaJudha" - hombe-pamwero kudzidza nhoroondo Jewish kubva panguva zvebhaibheri mifananidzo. Basa yakanyorwa uchapupu kuti vanhu ava ane zvikuru nhaka. Nhasi zvinoita pachena, asi munguva dzekare neyechiRoma uye navatorwa kazhinji vaidavira kuti vaJudha muIjipiti, uye vane midzi yavo.

Rimwe bhuku rinokosha - a "Autobiography." Munyori vakaedza kupindura mubvunzo pachako, ndianiko Iosif Flavy. Mariri anopa kuongorora zvose zvavanoita muHondo yechiJudha, apo munyori akatamira kurutivi Romans.

Rimwe basa "Against Apion" zvakanyorwa mumweya gakava uye akataura rinozivikanwa girama. Yaiva nyanzvi chokuArekizandiria, akanga akanyorwa mubhuku iri vaJudha uye kazhinji akatsoropodza navo. Iosif Flavy muenzaniso waMosesi uye mitemo yake nharo kuti Apion zvakaipa.

All mabhuku apa munyori wacho kuti isu yakasvika vakachengetwa, chii kukosha kwavo huru. Zvinyorwa vanyori vakawanda vekare vakafa vakakanganikwa mumazuva Dark Ages. Panguva Renaissance ari XVI remakore paiva bhuku mabhuku muchiGiriki kuti Iosif Flavy akanyora. Photo kuti bust ake inoshongedza mabhuku akawanda.

The ukama Christianity

Sezvo wenhoroondo vaigara yechipiri yezana I remakore, akakwanisa kunyora zvakawanda zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa muEvhangeri. Akanyanya anotaura nezvaJesu uye rufu rwake pamuchinjikwa, rufu Ioanna Predtechi, uye zvichingodaro. D.

Zvisinei, muna historiography ano panyaya iyi inoitwa vakawanda kukakavadzana. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti nyaya idzi dzakanga ndeimwewo akaiswa nemabasa pashure yemunyori rufu. Izvi zvinoratidzwa dzakasiyana facts, dzakadai chokwadi chokuti Jesu Kristu anodaidzwa mumabhuku, kunyange sahwira akanga asiri muKristu. Asi zvisinei akanyora sei Iosif Flavy, upenyu uyu vachiri kuramba vafarire unyanzvi.