Italian pamushandirapamwe Suvorov. Mukuru Russian Mutungamiriri Aleksandr Vasilevich Suvorov

Alexander Suvorov - iri risingaenzaniswi Russian mutungamiri, imwe innovator uye mumwe havaoni National rechiuto unyanzvi. Nokuti mekushanda ake basa, akanga asina kuziva chero kukundikana muhondo. Uyezve, Suvorov aiva kwakajeka theoretician, imwe innovator, munyori mabasa ari zvehondo umo ari mberi nguva yake, akanga achikwanisa kuvandudza tsika dzayo yekudyidzana. Ngatitaurei kuzivana pedyo nemunhu uye basa uyu mukuru. The yokupedzisira pavaipfuura basa yakakurumbira mukuru akava Italian uye Swiss danidziro Suvorov. Uye nhasi ivo vanoyemurwa zvizvarwa.

Childhood uye mangwanani makore guru wehondo

Alexander Suvorov akaberekwa mumhuri General of Army. Naizvozvo, mugumo wavo haana kusarudza. Gore rokuberekwa harizivikanwi. baba vake, Vasily, aizivikanwa utsinye hasha dzake, uye iye akanyatsotevera kudzidziswa mwanakomana. Naizvozvo, kana inodiwa zera harina akaratidza mwanakomana wake kuchikoro zvechiuto.

Most zvose, Alexander akada nyaya, uyezve, vakadzidza mitauro minomwe. Somwana, yemberi mukuru waiva utano murombo, asi iye aigara kutsamwa uye akamusimbisa. Muna 1742 iye wechi ari Semenov hondo yacho Life Guards. Zvino makore gumi Aleksandr Vasilevich Suvorov akatanga kushumira sapiyona koporo. Kubva panguva iyoyo basa rake rose chakatsaurwa kuti rechiuto unyanzvi.

Early basa

The Semenov hondo, Suvorov apedzera makore anopfuura matanhatu, nguva dzose dzichiri unyanzvi hwavo uye mberi dzidzo. Nechekare panguva iyoyo akaratidza rutivi rwake yakanakisisa. Muna 1754, Suvorov akaita wokutanga mukuru chinzvimbo - refutenendi. Military basa raakatanga Years Seven 'War, apo aiitawo hondo dzakawanda uye skirmishes, akaraira mamwe mauto. Panguva iyoyo, Aleksandr Vasilevich Suvorov akakwanisa pachavo kuratidza kwete chete vakashinga mukuru uye remagandanga murwi, asi unyanzvi mutungamiri.

Kubvira 1761, iye kukunda kuraswa imwe hondo pakati emauto. Ushingi, noumhare uye kutsungirira akapiwa idzva chinzvimbo. Saka vakakwanisa kuva konoro, akashanda nzira yake zita iri pfuurei makore matanhatu.

Career pasi Catherine II

basa, achiva mukuru akanga ari makore rekutonga Catherine II. Makore matanhatu Suvorov akatungamirira Suzdal Infantry chemazana chehondo. Mumakore aya akava uye akanyora ake basa yokutanga - "Regimental pakagadzwa". It detailed dzinokosha nemitemo dzidzo uye kurwisana kurovedza varwi.

Kunotangwa uye ichi- akavandudza ezvinhu rinoshandiswa dzakawanda nekutambira mishandirapamwe mukuru, mumwe wakanga Italian pamushandirapamwe Suvorov 1799.

Muna 1768 akamutswa zvakare uye paakavapa kwaari pachinzvimbo chevatatu Brigadier. Muna 1769-1772, anotora Zvinoshingaira iri hondo kuzorwa Bar Confederation. Munhimbe muPoland kudzidziswa varwi Suvorov nzira dzakanga pachena. chikwata chake akakwanisa kukurumidza kupfuura Tichitarisa akareba, nhamba kacho aiva usingashandi.

Pamushandirapamwe pachayo uye gadziriro nokudzidziswa uye nzira vakava Suvorov rakaiswa. For vakunde vazhinji pakurwa, akagamuchira mubairo wake wokutanga uye kwaitsigirwa kusvika pachinzvimbo chevatatu Major General. Zvinozivikanwa kuti mukuru zviito akaita mutsindo basa, zvikuru kukanganiswa kukura yose pamushandirapamwe uye zvichiita kuti ubudirire.

Russian-Turkish hondo uye basa Suvorov

Asi Suvorov kunyoresa huru vemauto Russian aigona kuva nezvaanenge panguva hondo mbiri pamwe vokuTurkey. Pakupera wokutanga pavo, akamhanya ari yoga chimwe. The akavhiyiwa dzakakurumbira vakakunda uye akakunda nhare Turtukay akakurumbira hondo pedyo netaundi Kozludzhi.

Ikoko, achiedza yakakundwa zviuru makumi mana hondo wokuTurkey. mukuru zviito Kozludzhi zvikuru akafanosarudza zvinozoitika mushandirapamwe uye vakava chinhu chinokosha munzvimbo kubudirira wehondo Russian. Sezvineiwo, guta Kubvira akadanwa nokukudzwa kwake - Suvorovo.

Zvikuru chinoshamisa kukunda

Zvisinei, pakagumira ari shasha Alexander Vasilyevich akazarura munguva yehondo yechipiri vokuTurkey. Kuti zvakaitika chinopenya kukunda kwakaita Suvorov. maviri okutanga vavo - muna 1789. July 21 yakaitika hondo Focsani, Suvorov, pamwe zviuru zvinomwe yokuzviparadzanisa apo vakamhanyira kubatsira ari yeAustria muviri akakurumbira. Pamwe chete, ivo zvachose vakundwa hweOttoman hondo, mukuru wacho nokuwanda kupfuura akawedzera kakapetwa.

A hondo kwakaitika musi waSeptember 11 panguva Rymnik rwizi, kana Turkish navarwi zviuru zana achisiya pamusoro duku mutumbi Austrians. Suvorov akabva akurumidza kubatsira, mumazuva asingasviki matatu pashure kuenda zana makiromita. Musoro yokuzviparadzanisa zviuru zvinomwe nevarume, mukuru akaratidza achifambisa zvishamiso zvikamu kunokunda chihombe muvengi hondo. Ipapo Nokurasikirwa vehondo hweOttoman akaverenga 18-20 zviuru varume, hafu vavo - vakaurayiwa.

The Battle of River Rymnik nokusingaperi akanyorwa munhoroondo Russian nemauto unyanzvi. Nokuti kubudirira yakapiwa musoro Count Suvorov. Yakanga pashure muhondo iyi kwaari risingaenzaniswi mukurumbira wayo mutungamiri zvechiuto.

Dutu Izmail nhare

Kana vachiti: "The vemauto huru Russian", muyeuke ndiye Suvorov. Kunonyanya kukonzerwa wokukundwa Izmail - muhondo akava chakajeka nyeredzi yake basa. nhare uyu aiva mumwe kupfuura simba, zvaionekwa haripindiki, asi, vose zvavo, uye kwave.

Kukombwa Ismail vakapedza Potemkin, asi pashure kundikana kuedza taramba zviri basa Aleksandru Suvorovu. Mukuru kupfuura pavhiki ave achigadzirira mauto, kuvaka musasa chokurovedza kuti simulates parusvingo uye panharirire wakakombwa. Pashure paizvozvo Ismail rakakundwa dutu iri asingasviki gumi nerimwe.

hondo iyi akaburuka munhoroondo yenyika sezvo zvikuru ropa, unmatched nokuda nazvo kumativi ose. It zvikuru akasarudza mugumisiro hondo uye akawana Feat pakati Aleksandra Suvorova wechokwadi.

The mukunopera basa

talk basa yakatanga nokukurumidza zvikuru. Mushure Russian-Turkish hondo Suvorov vaiitawo hondo dzakawanda, achisimbisa mukurumbira wake somurwi asingatyi uye kwakajeka wavarwi. Zvisinei, pamwe pakasvika Paul I, akatumirwa kuutapwa. Izvi imhaka yokuti mukuru vaishora pakatanga idzva mambo pamusoro Prussian tsika uye mitemo rokurwa, nomweni uye kujairika hondo Russian pachena. Pasinei wemandorokwati, akaramba kudzidzisa uye kudzidzisa masoja mitemo yavo pachavo.

Link Suvorov yake kuchamuka Konchanskoe wakagara anenge makore maviri, kusvikira 1798, apo enyika uye zvehondo ezvinhu pamusoro kondinendi kwakawedzera. Russia zvasungwa ari muhurumende Anti-French. Ipapo musoro Austria uye Britain akaomerera kuti Pauro ndakakumbira rubatsiro kuti Suvorov. Akanga zvakare kuendeswa muchiuto.

Saka akangwara mudyandigere nerakakurumbira mukuru akava Italian uye Swiss danidziro Suvorov. Wokutanga vavo, uye nhasi astonishes nesimba rayo, kumhanya uye maneuverability, saka unofanira kubata nawo zvizere.

Italian rutsigiro. The inogara Mauto

Italian danidziro Suvorov (gore 1799) - iri zita mukuru kuti zvechiuto chiito vasanganiswa Russian uye yeAustria hondo kuzorwa French. With chikwata yakaronga kusunda uwandu wehondo 65 zviuru vanhu. The Austrians akanga vakagara pasi munzvimbo yayo. Paiva anenge 85,000, zvakaenzana kutarisirwa mutemo wechiuto.

The French, uyewo, dzatora nharaunda yose Italy. Raiva kuchamhembe nemasoja 58 zviuru pasi murayiro Moreau, uye kumaodzanyemba kwenyika - hondo McDonald raMwari.

chirongwa

Vachitaura akakurumbira Italian pamushandirapamwe Suvorov kubva pakutanga zvairatidza unyanzvi ake chinopenya nemutungamiriri uye kukwana pasina zvombo. Pakarepo mushure asvika panzvimbo kukakavara, iye akakwanisa andobata vanenge zviuru zvishanu masoja French vari pasi Moreau. Zvapedzisira aifanira shure mhiri korwizi Adda, kuchenesa nzvimbo Milan.

Saka, maererano pakutanga Italian pamushandirapamwe Suvorov kwakaratidzwa nokukurumidza akunde. Kupedza muMilan, mauto omubatanidzwa akaiswa kumativi maviri murwizi Po, kuti panguva kuongorora mauto Moreau uye MacDonald uye kudzivirira kubatana kwavo. Just zvakanzi rangopambwa uye Turin. Izvi zvakateverwa hunogutsa kukunda Suvorov pamusoro French panguva Trebia uye Novi.

Pasina mwedzi, kuchamhembe kweItaly waisakurwa mauto muvengi zvachose. Zvisinei, rubatsiro akaenda McDonald Army Moreau. Suvorov akasarudza kuzovarwisa voga. Chokutanga, iye afunga pamusoro McDonald uye akabuda kundosangana naye nehondo yake. Rapid Kufamba, kuenda 85 mamaira mumazuva asingasviki maviri, chose akakunda uto French aisatarisira kurwiswa zvakadaro. Izvi rinoshamisa penya nokusingaperi akapinda nhoroondo zvombo.

Brilliant kupera uye Swiss pamushandirapamwe

Takananga rokuItari pamushandirapamwe Suvorov akaratidza tarenda ake ose wavarwi. Hurumende yave yakabudiswa muna rekodhi nguva. Kubudirira akanga kubudirira zvikurukuru nemhaka ushingi uye vakashinga masoja Russian uye unmatched utungamiriri tarenda Suvorov. Zvichakadai, ukama pakati vatsigiri dzakaderera yekudyidzana. The Austrians vakatya kubudirira vemauto Russian.

Vachitaura mu rokuItari mushandirapamwe, Suvorov akapiwa simba zvizere. Zvisinei, Austrians dzinotambura wake, achimupa kodzero kudzora chete muhondo. Uye pashure Uto Suvorov kwakaita akasunungura nharaunda Austrians zvose akarayira kuti mauto Russian, pane kutumwa kuna France, akaramba nzira kuSwitzerland.

Saka vakatanga mukunopera basa Suvorov. Vakava Italian uye Swiss rutsigiro. Famous nzira kuburikidza Alpine Nhongonya, ari storming naDhiyabhorosi Bridge uye kuchinja zvakaoma pamwe anooneka zvikuru nemichinjiziri gomo. Panguva ino, Suvorov akakunda kwete muvengi mauto, asiwo chaizvo simba hwezvisikwa. In hondo kuti izvi zvinhu wavarwi uye varwi vake vakaratidza zviratidzo zvechokwadi heroism uye ushingi.

Suvorov mupiro kukudziri- Russian muchiuto unyanzvi

Panguva yake Italian Mushandirapamwe Suvorov kudzidza panhengo - Generalissimo. tarenda rake akatotora vakati chokwadi kuti hafu yezana remakore basa, haana kutendera munhu chete kukundwa. Uye vazhinji hondo dzakanga vakakunda pamwe rebei kusanganiswa ukuru muvengi. Uye Italian nhimbe Suvorov, muna pfupi, aiva apotheosis rake basa.

Tsanzira wavarwi vachamutsirwa zvinoshamisa dzakakwirira Russian rechiuto unyanzvi. Pachine nguva yake, iye aiti kupfuura mberi yokuda kwehondo. Rimwe dzinokosha nheyo dzaro raiva kushamisika. Mutungamiriri aiita mheni Kurwisa akurumidze, kupenya achifambisa uye zvinoshamisa kukwanisa kuongorora mamiriro ezvinhu acho ose.

Akanyorwa endarama tsamba munhoroondo kubwinya Russian nemauto achitora Ishimaeri danidziro Suvorov muna 1799, ari Swiss danidziro uye dzimwe hondo uye hondo. Nhasi, anoramba mumwe chaanofarira National magamba.