Information pamusoro France. French President. Features France Nature

France - imwe nyika yaiva Western Europe. In kumaodzanyemba payo vavakidzani dzaro Andorra uye Spain, kumaodzanyemba-mabvazuva - pamwe Luxembourg uye Belgium, kumabvazuva - pamwe Italy uye Switzerland, uye kumabvazuva uye kuchamhembe-mabvazuva - pamwe Germany. Muganhu wokumaodzanyemba munyika kusuka paGungwa reMediterranean, Western - Bay pamusoro Biscay, North-kumadokero - Kwazvo pakati Pas-de-Calais uye Chirungu Channel.

General ruzivo pamusoro France

Under wenharaunda yaitongwa nyika pamusoro. Corsica muGungwa reMediterranean, mumadhipatimendi dzemunyika, Guadeloupe, Réunion uye French Guiana, uyewo New Caledonia, Miquelon, Saint-Pierre, French Polynesia uye dzimwe archipelagos Pacific.

Chii kunharaunda France? Zviri 551 zviuru mativi makiromita. Kumadokero uye kuchamhembe dzenyika - yakakura bani pamwe yakaderera zvikomo kumativi. Center uye kumabvazuva - nzvimbo svikiro-marefu, pakati rinova Massif Central uye Jura uye Vosges. muganhu Natural pamwe Spain zasi-kumadokero kuumbika ichindosvika kuPyrenees. The yakakwirira vakati gomo cheni ndiye Pie of vignemale (3298 m). Famous French Alps zasi-kumabvazuva kunyika.

Huru nzizi vanonzi Seine, Laura Garonne. France kwakaita mashoko kunosanganisira kuziva chokwadi: yacho madhamu munyika iri diki, uye kupfuura pavo (Geneva) nokuda kworutivi muSwitzerland.

Huru zviwanikwa zvinosanganisira marasha, simbi mhangura, bauxite, zingi, matanda uye hove. 32% munyika riri arable nyika, 27% - mumakwenzi uye masango, 23% - mafuro uye Mafuro.

uwandu hwevanhu

Submitted mamwe mashoko pamusoro France kubatsira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro venyika ino yakaisvonaka. Saka, mundima ehurumende ndiwo musha anopfuura makumi matanhatu nezvina mamiriyoni vanhu. Vagari arambe achirema anenge 104 vanhu muzana mativi kiromita. The ruzhinji vagari - the French (95%), mamwe madzinza vari Bretons, Catalans, Basques, vanhu vokuGermany, Portuguese, kuItaly, Algerians, Moroccans uye vokuTurkey.

Kuzivikanwa somunhu Mutauro French. Vamwe vanoti vari Basque, Alsatian, Breton, Catalan, Provençal, Corsican. Makumi mapfumbamwe muzana vanoomerera pakutenda Catholic, vamwe vaJudha, maProtestenti, vaMuslim. Panyaya upenyu anotarisirwa, nokuti varume ndiwo makore 74, uye vakadzi - 82.

Vagari akagwinya vari kunyanya kushandiswa mune zvekutepfenyura basa (61.5%), indasitiri (31.3%) uye kurima (7,3%).

okunze zvinhu

In dzakawanda kunyika okunze inotungamirwa kunoitika pasi pokudzora ndine Atlantic mhepo guru, saka advantageously nyorovera, kudziya, mwero, uye zvomumvura.

Zvikuru nyorovera okunze ari Brittany. Days pane kazhinji ramakore, mhepo yakasimba, pakati chando uye chirimo kutonhora, musiyano ishoma. Zvisinei, izvozvo hakusi chaizvo zvakanaka okunze inozivikanwa hamungambozvinzwisisi yose France. Pfupiso mashoko Somuenzaniso, musi renyika, achikurudzira vafambi. Saka, munguva yechando Paris vari dzakapfavirira, ari lämpömittari kashoma inosvika Sub-razero siyana. Zvikuru kwazvo gomo dzinotaurwa Alps, ivo Massif Central, ichindosvika kuPyrenees - apo yakawanda mvura, kutonhora, mhepo, chando chinenge haaburukiri pasi.

chando Very munyoro - kumabvazuva nzvimbo pamahombekombe, pamusoro riviéra. Paavhareji tembiricha iri July mu Nice - 23 Celsius, yaJanuary - masere pazasi razero.

Meteorological ruzivo pamusoro France iri vaisanganisa neimwe chokwadi: avhareji yegore negore kunonaya zviri pakati matanhatu zana chiuru millimeters, uye vari anoparadzirwa munyika zvakaenzana. The chete Kusara ndiyo nemhenderekedzo Mediterranean, caressed nokugamuchirwa noushamwari zuva kakawanda kupfuura dzimwe nzvimbo.

Information pamusoro chirimwa nyika

Zvinosuruvarisa iye 25 chete% munyika rinosanganisira masango, kunyange munguva yakapfuura, nhamba yakanga 90%. Maturakiti pakukura zvichengetedzwe zviri Northern Alps, kuti Jura uye Vosges. Masango French vari kunyanya inoumbwa Deciduous miti. Vazhinji pemiouki uye beeches. Pakati vamiririri softwood mupaini chinokurira. Kuchamhembe kwenyika anowanzoramba Beech uye nemiouki masango ane admixture pamusoro alder, hornbeam, Birch. Kuchamhembe iri hunodzorwa unyoro-rudo Beech. A maitiro chepfungwa nechepakati mapazi of Paris Basin - minda uye mafuro, achitora hayo mumapani. South-dzokumadokero mujinga ari Massif Central uye Corsica anozvikudza akanaka Chestnut musango.

A chaiwo mumiririri mbizi kasvisto muMediterranean - maquis, riri gobvu pasi safambika mumatenhere, iyo ine kukakanganiswa Holm pomuouki, nemimirite, oleander, omujunipa, rekushongedzesa uye perennial xerophytic miti yakasvibira nemiti zvakaoma.

Features fauna of

Muzana remakore rapfuura, nyika yava zvishoma, kwete chete masango. France The fauna of riri varombo. Izvi imhaka kufunga kunovhima nezvinoitwa nevanhu uye husina nderemagariro. Zvisinei, mhuka France kuvapfumi zvikuru kupfuura mune dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope.

West Iberian paki iri nzvimbo pamusoro makumi mana shava unobereka uye Vanoise Park (Savoie) ndiro chete nembudzi pokugara ibwe. On mundima nyika vanogara makava, chamatebwe, otters, genets, squirrels, zviremwaremwa, makonzo nembeva, tsuro. Corsica anogona kuonekwa mouflon - kungangokonzerwa madzitateguru emakwai anopfuyiwa. Nyika kwakawanda eshiri, pakati rakajairika - larks, Grouse, Inomedza, partridges, zvakasikwa reserves kumaodzanyemba flamingoes mhenyu. Ndivo zvinhu yezvakaita France.

The mudziyo wehurumende, ano bato

The French Republic - zita kushandiswa France. Information pamusoro nyika kunoita kuti tione mhando hurumende - vemutungamiri zvokuvhoterwa. The Zvinoumba nyika makumi maviri anoreva nzvimbo. Ivowo, akakamurwa makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu madhipatimendi. Renyika iri Paris.

Muzana remakore rechishanu kwayo akaumba vechiFrank umambo. Muna 1792, yokutanga zvokuvhoterwa rakaparidzirwa. Wokupedzisira Bumbiro wokurera muna 1958, muna July 1792 nemana akanga Bastille. Kubvira ipapo, musi uyu mutambo.

The President French riri simba rokugadza wehurumende - musoro Council of Vashumiri.

Implementation pamusoro zvemitemo simba hunopiwa imwe paramende bicameral. The Lower House chinomirirwa National Assembly, uye musoro - Seneti. Pakati enyika makuru mapato ndedzinotevera: asi Republican, French Socialist, Communist, uyai nokuti Republic, National Front uye Union of Democracy French.

About upfumi uye zvifambiso kukurukurirana

Imwe dzakapfuma munyika - France. Information pamusoro nyika chinosanganisira zvinotevera mashoko: huru indasitiri, pova kota gore negore GDP - ndiyo motokari, zvemakemikari, Whitehead Textile, migodhi, zvokudya kubudiswa, zvemagetsi, uye simbi, ndege uye michina. Nokuda nzvimbo huru ivhu rakaorera, kushandisa michina ano uye zvinhu kutsigira hurumende hurumende iri aitungamirira mugadziri okurima kugadzirwa munyika yose Western Europe.

Pari nemauto basa iri kutanga kutamba kuwedzera basa rinokosha upfumi. Uyezve, pane kuwedzera zvoupfumi kusangana pasi zviito EU wacho. Wakavaka kunotenga France ukama? Industry and zvokurima, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, basa rinokosha mukuita munyika kubudirira. Zvibereko maindasitiri ava vanofarira Germany, Italy, Spain, Great Britain, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Belgium, Japan, uye United States.

Chetatu zvose munyika railroads yakafadza. A zvachose urefu 34.568 makiromita. Vanopfuura hafu migwagwa vose rwakagadzirira pamwe Asphalt. Vanosvika mamiriyoni 1,5514 makiromita. Kureba waterways ndiyo gumi nezviviri makiromita. The chikuru zvengarava wokuFrance - Dunkirk, Le Havre, Rouen, Bordeaux uye Nantes-Saint-Nazaire.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Pakati pezana remakore rokutanga BC Gaul (ichi anonzi nharaunda France ano) yakakundwa nemauto eRoma. Muzana remakore rechishanu AD, nharaunda akava kumusha Franks. Kubvira ipapo, zvishoma nezvishoma wakafananidzwa ne vomunzvimbo. The vechiFrank umambo asvika nhamba simba yaitonga Karla Velikogo - mumiriri of Carolingian dzinza. Iye yakabudirira kuparadzira kutenda kwechiKristu muWestern Europe. Pashure porufu rwake, guru umambo akawira vega.

The 987 gore chigaro akauya simba Capet. Vakakwanisa nokudzosazve simba nzvimbo yamambo sezvo musoro wehurumende. simba French zviri yakawedzera muzana remakore namatatu, panguva yaitonga Philip II uye Louis IX. Last vakabudirira akabata basa mugoveri pakati chiitiko hondo pakati nyika dzokuEurope.

Mushure wokupedzisira mugari wenhaka maFiripi Fair akaenda mumwe nyika, zviremera Valois. Izvi nguva munhoroondo munyika hazvigoni kunzi chiedza. France rave simba kwete chete Hondo Makore Zana ', asi idenda denda nenzara. Zvisinei, zvakanga ipapo kuti National yokuzvitonga vemunyika yekudyidzana akasimbiswa, akavonga Joan pamusoro Arc.

Imwe nyika vakachengeta ndakajeka muimba nemitanhatu remakore, apo hurumende yakanga Louis XIV. Papera makore, nokuda dambudziko absolutism, simba namambo wacho aihuitira kuFrance. The nyika yakazivisa imwe zvokuvhoterwa muna 1792.

Purezidhendi wokutanga France - Napoleon III - wakabata itsvo kwesimba kubva 1852 kusvika 1870, gore. Pari nyika inotungamirirwa Fransua Olland.

Automotive indasitiri

Vehicles achibudiswa France, rinozivikanwa zvikuru uye yakakurumbira kunze nyika nokuda Mhedziso rakavimbika uye rinoita zvose ano kuchengeteka zvinodiwa. Most vagadziri huru - Renault uye Peugeot Citroën. Ivo nezvizhinji zvigadzirwa zvavo munyika, kwete chete muna Europe asiwo Asia uye US. Nokuti kuti makuru vagadziri munyika mbiri chete, zvinogona akapedzisa monopolization yacho indasitiri. car French - iri 90% pakukura maviri Makambani wo. For Renault uye Peugeot Citroën kambani anoshandisa vanosvika maviri vanhu mamiriyoni nehafu.

Pasinei Mhedziso kukurumbira chinowanika neboka French motokari kumba uye kunze, vaburitsi vemo vane zvimwe zvinetso. Zvino chikuru, izvo nyanzvi kupa kupfuura kufunga, ndiko kuderedza mari inoshandiswa. Sezvo vaongorori vanoti zvinofungidzirwa, paavhareji musiyano iri Mari Eastern Europe uye French motokari zvichisiyana chete uye chiuru hafu euros. Kazhinji ndiwo kukwezva mutengo ari kusarudza chinhu kana kutenga motokari. The kudhura motokari French zvinogona kutsanangurwa kwakakwana kwete chete unhu zvinoriumba uye pakugadzira zvinhu, asi yakasimba muhoro vashandi, uye yaiva mitero.

Automotive indasitiri munyika pari pakati dambudziko. Izvi kunobva kuderera mutengi kudiwa, nematambudziko anomukweretesa uye nezvimwe zvinetso zvemari. Kuti tirambe vaikudzwa nezvokunetseka hurumende pamwechete European Union kwakasimbiswa imwe mari chirongwa yakagadzirirwa kubatsira vapone dambudziko shoma varasikirwa.

zvisakamboonekwa

Business Card France - Ichokwadi kuti Eiffel Tower. It yakavakwa 1889 sezvo pamukova kushongedzwa pa Wenyika Fair. Rakanga akaronga kuti makore makumi maviri gare gare, asi, sezvo isu tose, iye anobata ziso vafambi uye veko kusvikira nhasi. Uye kuvonga vose veMubatanidzwa redhiyo: pamusoro Eiffel Tower uyewo zvichibvira pedyo yokugadza mukuru-simba antennas.

With mamiriro ichi kunozivikanwa kwakabatana zvikuru vanonyengedza remakore rapfuura, zvakanzi yakarongwa 1925. Daredevil Victor Lyustrig akaunganidza conclave of vakapfuma vanamuzvinabhizimisi munyika. Akaudza kuti hurumende anoronga kutengesa yakasimba chinyorwa. Urongwa hwose aigona kudzikinura Andre Poisson. Akapa anokorovhera nakisisa pakuverengwa mune mari. Kunyange pashure pokunge chitsotsi akanga kufukidzwa, Poisson haana kuenda kumapurisa nekuti havadi kuva chinhu nokudenga chinosekwa. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti Lyustrig ipapo atengesa shongwe mumwe muvhimi chinyorwa.

Unoda kuva kuitika zvinoshamisa hwomutambarakede? Enda Versailles. yamambo iri riri makumi maviri chete kubva muguta guru. Zvakanga pakutanga aronga kuvaka unremarkable kunovhima dzichagara pamusoro Louis XII. Construction rakatanga muna 1634. Mumakore mashanu emakore Versailles yave kuwedzera zvokuti rakava kupfuura palace Europe. Iye akabata basa iri youmambo dzokugara kusvikira French Revolution. Pari mumuzinda akamborarama Monument kudzivirirwa UNESCO. Gore negore zvinonzi ashanyirwa vashanyi vakawanda.

Paris, Chokwadi, muzinda wetsika munyika. Its yakasiyana mapurani achinyepera kuumbwa kwemazana emakore. Pasinei wemishonga akasiyana siyana muguta vakakwanisa kuchengeta kunyorwa kubatana. Nyika-akakurumbira mapurani monument - ichi Notre Dame uye Pantheon, uye ari pachikoro Martius, uye Arc de Triomphe. Mamiriyoni zvevashanyi gore negore vanouya munyika remba kubudikidza Bois of Botanic Garden uye sango kuwana adrenaline mutariri Eurodisneyland uye vanakidzwe Montmartre.