Imba yeChipupuriro Gungano ndiyo nheyo yehupenyu hwevanhu vakawanda

Nheyo, maitiro ehurumende-yekutanga-revolutionary Russia, aive akakurumbira - yepamusoro-soro, kirasi yakaropafadzwa. Nhengo yehurumende yehurumende iyi, iyo yakaonekwa muna 1766, yakawana simba rekuita mutemo muna 1785 kubva panguva yekupinda kushanda kwe "Charter of the Nobility".

Yakanaka uye yakasimba

Musangano wepamusoro wakadanwa uchiri "unokudzwa", nezita iro richizivisa kuti iyi ndiyo nhengo yehurumende yehuga yevanhu vane ropa rebhuruu. Zvinonzwisisika, kuitira kuti tibate misangano yakaitika kamwechete mumakore matatu, mamiriro acho aive akadikanwa. Iko kushongedza kwevanhu kunoda chimiro chakanaka. Dzimba dzeMusangano weNobility mumakurukota uye maguta makuru emapurovhinzi akavakwa munzvimbo idzi; Nokuda kwekuvakwa kwavo vatenzi vakanakisisa vanobva kunyika dzose vakakokwa.

Mukutsvaga uye shure kwekuvandudzwa

Vakavakwa zvivakwa kwemazana emakore, saka vazhinji vavo vakapona kusvikira nhasi uye ndiyo inofadza zvikuru yepakati pemataundi emaguta. Dzimba dzeNational Assembly iyo yakadai seSmolensk, Vologda, Vladimir, Ufa, Kostroma, Tver nezvimwe zvipfeko zvezvivako izvi uye zviyeuchidzo zvezvakaitika uye zvivakwa zvezvikamu izvi. Mavari, uye ikozvino pane zvinhu zvetsika - apo Philharmonic (St. Petersburg, Smolensk), apo Academy of Arts (Ufa). Kwemakore akawanda Imba yeZvivhesi yakave iri mukuvakwa kweChechi DzemuMoscow muMoscow (iyo yaizivikanwa zvakakwana pasi pezita iri).

Nzvimbo yehupenyu nemararamiro

Hazvina kudiwa kutaura pamusoro pebasa rakaitwa neImba yeChechi DzemuPurisa mune hutsika uye hupenyu hwehupenyu hwemusoro. Vakuru vanozivikanwa zvikuru vanoitwa padanho redzimba idzi, mipiro yakanatswa uye yakanakisisa yakapiwa pano zvakare. Chivako cheMoscow chakavakwa nevakakurumbira uye vanozivikanwa panguva iyoyo chivako chemusha Matvey Fedorovich Kazakov, uyo akavakazve nzvimbo yose iri pakati peMoscow. Zvivako zvitsva, kusanganisira Imba yeAbleble Assembly (muMoscow iyo yainzi inonzi Imba yeAbleble Assembly), yakagadzirwa nenzira yekufananidzira kweklassicism inozivikanwa se "palladianism" (mushure mekugadzira muumbi weItaly Andrea Palladio).

Moscow House

Imwe yezvivako zvakanakisisa muMoscow, iri muOkhotny Ryad, yakavakwa naye mushure me1755. Iyi ndeimwe yemhinduro kumubvunzo wekuti chii chinonzi Imba yeNobility Assembly, panguva iyo inoreva. Maererano nezvimwe zvinyorwa, wekutanga weimba iyi, Prince VM Dolgorukov-Crimean, akafira muna 1754, akazvivakira chivakwa. Asi mushure mokubva munyika, Moscow Nobility Assembly inotenga imba huru kune zvayo pachayo, kureva, yekuchengeta masangano enyika. Yakange yakabatanidzwa munguva yezororo huru dzose dzakanaka dzeRussia. Yaiva pano iyo yakakurumbira "yakanaka yevakaroorana", iyo mainini vangu vakauya naTatiana Larin.

Anozivikanwa Pose Nguva

Imba yekamuri yeimba ino, yakavakwa pedyo neKremlin, yaizivikanwa munyika yose muSoviet nguva, asi munguva yakaisvonaka yaCatherine, sapamazuva aPushkin, mwoyo weRussia yakanga ichirova mukati maro. Iyi yaiva Imba yeMoscow yeChechi Chakanaka. Imba iyi ndeyei nguva , zvakaoma kutaura, nokuti pakuonekwa kwayo kwepakutanga kwavepo kusvikira 1917, asi zvakare, sezvakataurwa pamusoro apa, upenyu hahuna kupera kwechinguva. Muchivako ichi misangano yakawanda yenyika ye chess inobatanidzwa. Mutsva weGore Idzva uri munhare yeimba yeImba yeZvimboni, yakabata kubva muna 1935, pasina kuwedzeredza, yaizivikanwa munyika yose yakakura. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti pasinei nekuchinja kukuru kwesimba, kubva panguva iyo Imba yeChechi Yakanaka yakaonekwa, uye kusvikira nhasi zviitiko zvinokosha uye zvinokosha zvinoitika. Chimwe chekupedzisira chiitiko chekuchema chakabatana nemariro eYevgeny Primakov.

Imba yeChechi Yakanaka yeNorthern Capital

Zvichida nokuti dzimba idzi dzakavakwa kune zvimwe zviitiko zvinokosha uye zvinofadza, hazvina kugadziriswa nechinosuruvarisa chekuparadzwa nekusaziva. Izvi zvinoshanda kune chivakwa chinozivikanwa muSt. Petersburg, iyo zvino yava neHorld Concert Hall yeShostakovich Conservatory - imwe yemitambo yeRussia. Apo Imba yeMusangano weKubatsira yaionekwa mumusoro wekumusoro uye yakavakwa ani? Chivako, icho chikamu chetsika yeChirt Square, yakagadzirwa maererano nemuumbi weKI Rossi. Chivako chakavakwa nemuumbi wePaul Jacquot muna 1834-1839. Chimwe chezvakakosha zvikuru zvechivakwa ichi iholo neyamabasa acoustics. Hazvishamisi kuti kune philharmonic mauri. Maturo matatu pakutanga aive muSt. Petersburg House yeAbleble Assembly.

Gore ra1901 rakapinda munhoroondo ye chivako nechepamusoro-soro yechina yeimba yepamusoro, iyo iri pamusoro pekoring corning. Iyi yekuvakwa, iyo yakabata zvose staircase yakatarisana nekunze kwechivako, yakaitwa nemuumbi weA. A. P. Maksimov mukugadzirwa kwaV. V. Schreter. Muna 1948-49 (mushure mehondo), muvakiriti IG Kantsyug, uyo akatungamirira basa rokudzorera, akadzorera chivako kumifananidzo yaKI Rossi.

Makore eSoviet Power

Apo Imba yeGungano Rakanaka muSt. Petersburg rakasikwa, raida kumapato enyika, hapana aifunga kuti chivako chichange chichizivikanwa munyika yose. The St. Petersburg Academic Philharmonic, iyo yakavhurika musi waJune 12, 1921, yakatinhira kwete chete kuidzwa kunonyadzisa kweMetropolitan Veniamin nevapristi veOrthodox 86, asiwo kushanda kweShostakovich's Seventh Symphony, yakanzwiwa pano musi waAugust 9, 1942. Izvi zvakava chiratidzo chekusagadzikana kweLeningrad yakakombwa. Yuri Temirkanov ave ari mutariri weimba yemitambo kwemakore mazhinji. Vladimir Putin akadana St. Petersburg Philharmonic Society "namolennym nzvimbo."