Aces yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri. Ari ainzi mukurumbira weHondo Yenyika II

hondo yose ari kusuwa yakaipisisa yose vanhu kuti neimwe nzira inobata. Munhau yacho, vanhu kuzivikamwa hondo dzakawanda, vaviri vakanga dzakawanda. World vakaparadza zvinenge zvachose Europe uye kwakakonzera kuparara vamwe guru umambo akadai Russia uye Austria-Hungary. Asi kunyange zvakaipa pamwero raiva Second World War, umo nyika dzakawanda dziri zvinenge zvose pamusoro nyika dzaibatanidzwa. Dzakauraya mamiriyoni evanhu, kunyanya akasiya misha. Ichi chiitiko vanotyisa ichiri sei nzira imwe kana mumwe munhu ano. Zvisaririra ayo anogona kuwanikwa kose hwedu. dambudziko iri andisiya yakawanda zvakavanzika, gakava pamusoro ani hatimiri kwemakumi emakore. Heavy mutoro vaifungidzira muhondo iyi upenyu uye rufu asati chaizvo akasimba kubva chimurenga uye hondo yevagari, uye chete kuvaka zvechiuto uye rugare yaro indasitiri yeSoviet Union. Mumwoyo yevanhu akagadzirisa vasingawirirani hasha uye chido kundorwa vanopinda nechisimba vakanga encroached pamusoro miganhu kuvimbika uye rusununguko proletarian wehurumende. Vakawanda vakaenda mberi nokuzvidira. Panguva imwe chete paiva nokubatanidzwazve pakati anobviswa maindasitiri zvivako kuti pagadzirwe zvinodiwa mberi. Kutamburira akatora nedanda rechikero vanhu chaivo. Ndokusaka anonzi Great Patriotic War.

Ndivanaani aces?

Sezvo mauto eGermany uye Soviet vakanga vakadzidziswa uye vakagadzirira pamwe midziyo, ndege nezvimwewo zvombo. The vashandi of mari kumamiriyoni evanhu. The kurwisana vaviri motokari idzi uto wakadenha magamba ayo uye dzavo vatengesi. Mumwe vaya vanogona kunyatsonzi kunzi magamba ndivo aces Hondo Yenyika II. Ivo ndivanaani uye zvavari saka tichizikamwa? Ace anogona kunzi somunhu yabudirira kwaro munda dzakakwirira zvakadaro kuti vanhu vashoma vakakwanisa rokumukunda. Uye kunyange ngozi uye anotyisa yakadaro chokwadi munhu, sezvo muchiuto, yagara nenyanzvi dzaro. Sezvo ari USSR uye mauto omubatanidzwa, uye muNazi Germany paiva vanhu vakaratidza migumisiro yakanakisisa iri kuwanda vakaparadza michina kana manpower. About vanhu ava uye nyaya ino ichataura.

List aces Hondo Yenyika II ndiyo zvakawanda uye inosanganisira zvakawanda unhu kuzivikanwa kuti mabasa avo. Vaiva muenzaniso rudzi rwose, ivo akanamata, kuyemurwa.

Air Squadrons pamusoro WWII

Aviation - pasina mubvunzo kumwe kudanana, asi panguva imwe chete ngozi yetsiva maoko. Sezvo chero midziyo anogona kukundikana chero nguva, mufambisi wengarava kunoonekwa sechinhu zvinokudzwa chaizvo chinhu. Zvinoda yesimbi kutsungirira, kuranga, kukwanisa kuzvidzora chero mamiriro ezvinhu. Naizvozvo, kuti avhiyesheni aces vari kuremekedza zvikuru. Pashure pezvose, kuti kukwanisa kuratidza Izvi zvakanaka mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kana upenyu hwako hunotsamira kwete zvigadzirwa, asiwo kubva pachako - soro zvakadini rechiuto art. Saka vanoita - ässät vezvikepe Hondo Yenyika II, uye nei mabasa makuru dzavo yakakurumbira zvakadaro?

vezvikepe Soviet ace

Imwe inobudirira zvikuru Soviet Ace vezvikepe akanga Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub. Pamutemo panguva yake basa muna WWII akaburusira 62 ndege German, uye iye ndiye 2 US murwi, raakanga vakaparadza pakupera hondo. Izvi mutyairi wendege rekodhi 176 vakashumira Guards IAP uye vachabhururukira pamusoro La-7 ndege.

Wechipiri scoring muhondo vakava Aleksandr Ivanovich Pokryshkin (chakanga katatu paakavapa musoro Hero of Soviet Union). Iye akarwa kumaodzanyemba Ukraine muGungwa Dema nharaunda, akasunungura Europe kubva nevaNazi. Pakushanda kwake ndokupfura pasi ndege 59 muvengi. Haana kurega kubhururuka, kunyange kana iye akagadzwa mutungamiri 9 Guards Air Division, uye akawana vamwe ake zvemuchadenga kukunda paakanga ari muhofisi.

Nikolay Dmitrievich Gulaev - imwe yakakurumbira vemauto vezvikepe, uyo akaisa chinyorwa - 4 kuenda chete ndege vaparadzwa. Paaiita basa rake rechiuto uye akaparadza 57 muvengi ndege. Kaviri paakavapa ari honorary zita Hero of Soviet Union.

Uyewo, munhu wakanaka zvakaguma uye Kirill Alekseevich Yevstigneyeva. Akapfura pasi 55 ndege German. Kozhedub, uyo chinoitika kushumira vamwe nguva Evstigneev iroro hondo, chaizvo akataura achiremekedza flyer ichi.

Dmitriy Borisovich Glinka ariwo Ace Soviet. Akaparadza 50 muvengi ndege muna 100 kurwisana mishoni. Akanga paakavapa ari Hero of Soviet Union ari honorary rokuremekedza kaviri.

Sezvinogona kuoneka, Soviet Aces Hondo Yenyika II vakakwanisa kurwa uye vakaita saizvozvo noushingi uye udyire.

Asa nevatsigiri

Asi omubatanidzwa mhepo aces aiva unongotaura yakanaka chaizvo. Pakati pavo vakashinga vezvikepe zhinji, asi matambudziko kune Soviet "hawks" vachiri kuwa pfupi.

Major Richard Bong aiva mazita Unobata, zvinoreva 40 downed michina muvengi. Ndiye mumwe inobudirira zvikuru omubatanidzwa vezvikepe. Pashure pehondo, Bong akava bvunzo mutyairi wendege, asi akaurayiwa kana kuedza mumwe ndege itsva F-80, asingakwanisi kusvetuka kubva aine parachuti mushure motokari injini kwakakundikana.

Briton Dzhonson Dzheyms munguva yehondo akapfura pasi 34 muvengi nemotokari. Akarayira mumwe mapoka ndege dzepabonde panguva kumhara mu Normandy muna 1944. Fight rakatanga muna March 1943, kubhururutsa murwi "Spitfire".

American mutyairi wendege, Major Tomas Makgvayr akapfura pasi ndege 38 muvengi. Akanga paakavapa mibayiro yakawanda American, kusanganisira Congressional menduru Kukudzwa. Akaurayiwa muhondo pedyo nechiwi Los Negros pazera makore 24. Yaiva January 7, 1945.

WokuFrance Pierre Klosterman scored 30 vakunde mudenga uye vakaparadza vazhinji pasi motokari - locomotives, motokari uye motokari. Nechekare pa 24, aikwanisa kuita pachinzvimbo chevatatu konoro ose avhiyesheni, umo akagumisa hondo.

aces German

Aces of Luftwaffe Hondo Yenyika II chakakodzera vaiona kupfuura zvibereko munhoroondo yacho vezvikepe. Mumwe wavo kunyange akava mutsigiri mukuru Guinness Book of Records. Ndiani aiva mutyairi uyu akashinga?

The yakakurumbira Ace German Hondo Yenyika II uye panguva iyo munhu uyo munhu akasviniwa rekodhi uwandu downed ndege - ndiye Erich Hartmann. On kwayo Nhoroondo kurwa dzakanyorwa downed ndege 352 muvengi, kupfuura Unobata hafu, iye scored pamusoro vanodzima (260). Hartman akanga richibhururuka vachingoshandisa "Messerschmitt Bf 109G" uye akati yaiva zvakanakisisa ndege akanga amboona. Pashure pehondo, akavapa kuna vokuAmerica, akamutumira mauto eSoviet. Zvakaguma mutongo wemakore 10 anenge mumisasa, asi Erich akakwanisa kudzokera wake nevana uye akafa ane kukwegura. Record wakasiyiwa navo zvechokwadi zvinoshamisa, nokuti hapana Soviet kana omubatanidzwa aces vaisagona kuzadzisa anoyevedza mugumisiro wakadaro.

Hans-Ioahim Marsel - mutyairi German, uyo akarwa kunyanya Africa. Paaiita basa rake rehondo, uye raiva pfupi pena pasi vanosvika 158 aircraft vokuAmerica uye British. Ini yakadonha murenje, panguva yokusvika Aerodrome yake, tichitevera anobudirira kupera ane kurwisa basa, uye zvakaitika nokuti dambudziko iri mundege. Akavigwa pamwe chinokudza kukuru.

Gerhard Buckhorn - mumwe Ace German. Nekuda kwayo 301 yetsiva ndege. Buckhorn akagamuchira maronda zvakakura, nekuti, kuwedzera kune mumwe kurwisa mutyairi, aivawo bvunzo mutyairi, kunyanya flyby vaiita yokutanga ndege wenyika, kuti Me-262. Pashure pehondo, mubasa yokuedzwa ndege nokuda German Air Force akapora.

Asi kana kana kwete German Aces Hondo Yenyika II ndege akanga zvokuti nenyanzvi kuti aigona-chete handedly kuparadza uwandu ndege, kwakafanana vatatu mhepo mapoka? Munzira dzakawanda, kubudirira kwavo imhaka yakati simba kutiza nokudzidziswa vezvikepe Soviet. USSR pakutanga hondo chakarasikirwa anenge 1,200 zvemuchadenga motokari, izvo zvakakanganisa mamiriro ndege yose. Sezvingatarisirwa, pamwechete ndege akafa uye vanhu vanokwanisa kubhururuka. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvakanga nokukurumidza yakarongwa nokukurumidza kosi zhizha, zvakange kudzorera uwandu vezvikepe, asi tichiregeredza yepamusoro. Somuenzaniso, paavhareji Dombo mutyairi muSoviet Academy aiva maawa 13-34, nepo kuti vokuGermany - maawa anenge 400. Uyezve, mazano German mhepo kuhondo pakutanga hondo yaiva musoro akareba kupfuura Russian. Kunopera ruvengo zvinhu zvakachinja muna negwara.

Sezvatinogona kuona, ässät vezvikepe of Second World War akaratidza zvechokwadi anoyevedza zvabuda. Asi ugamba ake vakanga vadamwa navo kwete chete. Ndezvipi zvimwe maoko basa rakapiwa nyika vatenzi akakurumbira emauto webasa?

Kwematangi aces Hondo Yenyika II

No kumboderera muhondo dzokurwa. Kwematangi vagara varwi vakashinga chaizvo. Sezvo kuparadza tangi anogona kuva nenzira dzakawanda, zviri nyore kufungidzira kuti ngozi akandovavandira kwese. Asi kwematangi nguva dzose noumhare wakarwira nevatambi venyika yavo uye pasina mubvunzo akapa upenyu hwake nokuda kwavo. Uye, chokwadi, pakati pavo vakanga nomukurumbira aces Hondo Yenyika II.

Soviet tangi aces

Yakakurumbira Soviet tangi tenzi - ndiye Dmitry Lavrinenko, vaigona pamusoro pachako nhoroondo muhondo 52 muvengi matangi. Musoja uyu akarwa navavengi yakakurumbira T-34, waiva mumwe zviratidzo hondo.

Chimwe rinozivikanwa tangi Soviet World - Zinovy Kolobanov. Feat ake wakatangwa muna mabhuku akawanda uye mabhuku, sezvo akakwanisa kuparadza chete kwenguva pfupi 22 Matangi German (ndiro yechipiri pakukura mugumisiro pakati nhoroondo tangi hondo Hondo Yenyika II).

Asi, pasinei nokuti tangi mauto vaiva pakati kupfuura kuwanda murwiyo weuto reSoviet, matangi aces Hondo Yenyika II, nokuti chero kwezvikonzero, Soviet Union akasawanikwa. Nei zvakadaro - harizivikanwi. Hazvina musoro kufunga nhoroondo dzakawanda munhu nemaune pamusoro kana underreported, saka chaiyo nhamba okukunda rataurwa vanatenzi tangi kurwa hazvibviri.

German tangi aces

Asi German tangi aces Hondo Yenyika II, chinyorwa yakakwirira zvikuru. Izvi kunonyanya kukonzerwa kunyatsoita vokuGermany, vari zvachose nezvayo, uye nguva yokuita zvimwe kurwa, vakanga kupfuura zvavo Soviet "nevamwe". mauto Footwork German akatanga achidzivirira 1939.

German ngarava nhamba 1 - nayo Hauptsturmführer Michael Wittmann. Iye akarwa Matangi zhinji (Stug III, Tiger I) uye vakaparadza muhondo 138 michina uye 132 kuzvidzora propelled atirari zvakasiyana nyika muvengi. Nokuti kubudirira wake kakawanda with varayirwa siyana uye zviratidzo Third Reich. Vakaurayiwa chiito 1944 muFrance.

Unogonawo sarudza ichi tangi Ace Otto Carius. Nokuti vaya zvimwe kufarira munhoroondo warrior ehondo Third Reich, ibhuku zvinobatsira chaizvo kuti netsamba dzake "Tigers mumatope." Munguva yehondo, murume uyu akaparadza 150 Soviet uye American matangi kuzvidzora propelled pfuti.

Kurt Knispel - mumwe ngarava-rekodhi wokuisira. Iye akagogodza kwake muchiuto 168 Matangi uye kuzvidzora propelled pfuti nomuvengi. motokari About 30 vari unconfirmed, kuti haabvumiri kuti kubata pamusoro kunobva Wittmann. Kurt Knispel akaurayiwa muhondo pedyo nomusha Vostits muCzechoslovakia muna 1945.

Mukuwedzera, migumisiro zvakanga zvakanaka uye Karl Bromanna - 66 matangi kuzvidzora propelled pfuti, Ernst Barkmanna - 66 matangi kuzvidzora propelled pfuti, Erich Mausberga - 53 matangi kuzvidzora propelled pfuti.

Sezvinogona kuoneka kubva zvabuda izvi, vose Soviet uye German tangi aces Hondo Yenyika II vakakwanisa kurwa. Chokwadi, uwandu uye unhu Soviet motokari nemauto zvisinei akanga dzakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura vokuGermany, sezvo tsika, uye ivo vaviri vakashandisa zvikuru kubudirira uye akava hwaro vamwe post-hondo tangi mazano.

Asi aya maoko, izvo akasiyanisa vanatenzi vavo, kwete mugumo. Ngatimbotaura zvishoma pamusoro aces vanoshanda mungarava dzepasi pegungwa.

Master yepasi pemvura hondo

Sezvazvakanga zvakaita ndege uye matangi, ndivo vanobudirira zvikuru vechikepe German. Vanoshanda mungarava dzepasi pegungwa Kriegsmarine mumakore ivepo, ngarava akanyura 2603 kunyika omubatanidzwa, zvachose misha izvo rinosvika mamiriyoni 13.5 matani nhamba. It chaizvoizvo anoyevedza mufananidzo. Uye chaizvo nyaya German aces vanoshanda mungarava dzepasi pegungwa Second World War, zvakare, vaigona anozvikudza.

Highest yepasi pemvura German - Otto Kretschmer, izvo zvinokonzera 44 muchikepe, kusanganisira imwe nomuparadzi. tonnage Total yakanyura zvikepe zvavo - 266.629 matani.

At chechipiri nzvimbo - Wolfgang nomutengeramwa kuti akatumwa pasi 43 muchikepe muvengi (uye nemamwe mashoko - 47) zvachose misha matani 225.712.

Aizivikanwawo Marine Ace Günther Prien akanga uye ndiani akakwanisa achinyudza kunyange British yehondo "Royal Oak". Rakanga rokutanga vabati vakagamuchira pomuouki mashizha kune Knight wacho Cross. Prien akaparadza ngarava 30. Akafa muna 1941 mu kurwiswa kuBritain mudungwe wemabhazi. Aiva yakakurumbira zvokuti rufu rwake mwedzi miviri achihwanda vanhu. Uye pazuva wemariro rake, kuchema rave richiziviswa yose nyika.

vabudirira kwakadaro vezvikepe German uyewo zvikuru zvinonzwisisika. Chokwadi kuti Germany yakatanga Naval hondo muna 1940, pamwe chete blockade kweBritain, nokudaro vanotarisira kuchera ayo ukuru uye gungwa, kushandisa ichi, kuitisa kubudirira kupambwa zvitsuwa. Zvisinei, pasina nguva refu vaNazi urongwa dzakamiswa, sezvo hondo akapinda America rayo guru uye simba rengarava.

Ko Soviet Union ässät pakati vanoshanda mungarava dzepasi pegungwa?

Yakakurumbira Soviet mukwasvi yepasi pemvura - Alexander Marinesco. Akapfugama chete 4 chikepe, asi kwete! Heavy mutakurwi chikepe "Wilhelm Gustloff" chokufambisa "General of Steuben ', uye 2 vamapoka inorema plavbatarei" Helena "uye" Siegfried. " Nokuti ugamba hwake, Hitler akaita wechikepe ari mazita vavengi pachavo. Asi mugumo Marinescu hazvina kushanda zvakanaka. Akavira kubva nyasha nezviremera Soviet, uye akafa, uye mabasa makuru ake vakarega kutaura. kuti mutyairi mukuru akagamuchira chete paakanga afa muna 1990. The mubayiro pamusoro Hero of Soviet Union. Zvinosuruvarisa zhinji Soviet Aces Hondo Yenyika II yakapera hwavo nenzira iyi.

Uyewo siyana akakurumbira Soviet Union vaiva Ivan Travkin - rikanyudza zvikepe 13, Nikolai Lunin - nezvikepe 13, Valentin Starikov - zvikepe 14. Asi Marinesko zvikamu mazita akanakisisa siyana Soviet Union sezvo mukuru zvakakanganiswa kune German Navy.

Kururama uye vanzurudzo

Zvakanaka, sei hamurangariri zvakadai varwi akakurumbira sezvo nemasoja akavanda? Pano, Soviet Union Zvinoda yakakodzerwa muchanza Germany. Soviet nemasoja akavanda aces Hondo Yenyika II ane yakakwirira chaizvo njanji nyaya. Munzira dzakawanda, zvabuda aya kubudirira nekuvongwa muhombe ezvinhu vagadzirire rehurumende vakawanda kuti kupfura kubva zvombo zvakasiyana. Bheji "Voroshilov Sharpshooter" vakanga paakavapa vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 9. Saka chii vari yakakurumbira mapfuranhunzi?

Doma Vasily Zaitsev vakatya vokuGermany uye vakaroverera ushingi nemasoja Soviet. Izvi Guy dzose, mumwe muvhimi akauraya pfuti yake Mosin 225 Wehrmacht masoja chete mwedzi achirwa pa Stalingrad. Pakati vakakurumbira mazita mapfuranhunzi - Fedor Okhlopkov, nekuda iyo (hondo), vanenge chiuru nevaNazi; Urume Nomokonov kuti yakauraya masoja 368 muvengi. uye vakadzi pakati nemasoja akavanda. Example - yakakurumbira Lyudmila Pavlichenko, uyo akarwa pasi Odessa uye Sevastopol.

nemasoja akavanda German vari zvishoma zvinozivikanwa, kunyange mu Germany maiva mapfuranhunzi zvikoro vanoverengeka mubasa mukurovedza nenyanzvi kubvira 1942. Pakati inobudirira zvikuru vanopfura German - Mattias Hettsenauer (345 vakaurayiwa), Josef Allerberger (257 vakaurayiwa), Bruno Sutkus (209 pena nemasoja). Aizivikanwawo achishandisa mapfuranhunzi kubva kunyika iri Hitlerite bloc iri, Simo Hayha - the Finn munguva yehondo vauraya 504 Red Army (unconfirmed).

The chombo chikuru chero mapfuranhunzi aiva Mosin pfuti ine telescopic kuona, asi, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu, uyewo rakashandiswa SVT. Kuwedzera huru zviri zvake zvombo, akadzidzawo chirango zvakakodzera kurarama - namano, mano kumirira, kuti vave kutadza kufamba zvakakwana, uye orienteering.

Saka, kugadzirira munhu mapfuranhunzi of Soviet Union yakanga husina kupfuura kuti vehondo German, izvo akabvumira mauto eSoviet kupfeka vanozvikudza rokuti - Aces Hondo Yenyika II.

Sei kuva aces?

Saka, shoko rokuti "Ace Hondo Yenyika II," riri zvikuru rakakura. Sezvambotaurwa, vanhu ava kubudirira bhizimisi ravo zvechokwadi hunoshamisa zvabuda. Izvi zvakabatsira kwete chete nokuda kurovedza zvakanaka zvechiuto, asiwo nokuda hunoshamisa unhu. Pashure pezvose, nokuti mutyairi Somuenzaniso, zvinokosha chaizvo Kufambisa uye anokurumidza kupindura mapfuranhunzi - kukwanisa kumirira yakakodzera nokuda dzimwe nguva imwe chete vapfurwa.

Saka, kuona vakanga akanakisisa aces of Second World War, hazvibviri. mativi Vose vakaita kumboitika heroism, izvo akabvumira kure zvachose guru vanhu. Asi kuva tenzi aigona chete kuomesa pakuita uye tikwanise unyanzvi hwavo kurwisa, sezvo hondo haashiviriri simba. Chokwadi, nhamba, mutsetse yakaoma havazokwanisi kuudza murume ano matambudziko ose iwayo, matambudziko yaisangana nenyanzvi hondo panguva inotungamirwa kwayo pamusoro nechigadziko kukudzwa.

Isu, chizvarwa kuti akararama, asingazivi vakadaro zvinotyisa, usakanganwa pamusoro zvakapembererwa edu vamutangira. Vanogona kuva kufemera, chiyeuchidzo, ndangariro. Uye tinofanira kuedza kuita zvose kuitira kuti zviitiko zvakadai zvinotyisa sezvo yokupedzisira hondo, hatichamuzivi inodzokororwa.