Hondo Stalingrad - chikamu kunyatsoti vabudirire urongwa?

Hondo Stalingrad aiva mumwe anokosha zviitiko XX remakore. Pakuguma kwayo, asi Wehrmacht akarasikirwa 16% kuti tsvimbo uye guru uwandu rechiuto michina. Pashure muhondo iyi munyika yose, zvakava pachena kuti Hitler haana kuhwina hondo, uye yakawondomoka - zviri chete nyaya nguva.

Zvisinei, nhasi, vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanoti kukunda of Red Army kungaita kuti wakakwana kukundwa nevaNazi muna 1943, uye vane chikonzero chakanaka ichi.

Hondo Stalingrad akava yava kuda kuparara Hitlerism akatanga. Inogona rakakamurwa muzvikamu zviviri: kuzvidzivirira uye kunogumbura. Kutanga muna pakati paJuly 1942 kusvika November 18, varwi General Trappers, mutungamiri Army Group "B", akarwisa Stalingrad Front. Muvengi vaiva nani mune manpower uye zvokushandisa, uye mukati mwedzi akakwanisa ndokudzinga nzvimbo nevanozvitsigira veguta racho. Panguva iyi, zvinoti July 31, Hitler akaita inokosha chikanganiso, izvo zvingaita kuti wakakwana Wehrmacht uto kukundwa. Akakanda Panzer wechina Army kubva Caucasus patariro zvakavabatsirei kuputsa kurwisa kuti Volga munzvimbo.

murayiro German vaifunga kuti hondo nokuti Stalingrad kuda kupedzwa zvinobudirira. The guta akakwanisa ipazwe, uye kunyange muritore zvikuru. Mushure hombe kubhomba uye kuramba kurwisa denderedzwagama okuchembera yayo micheto nayo mamota kurwizi. Bazi Anoparadzirwa Goebbels dundundu kuti 4th Army tangi zvokuchenesa yakadururirwa motokari dzavo radiators Volga mvura, uye chaiva chokwadi. ari nevanozvitsigira vave kukwanisa kunyika zvitengeswa uye pakukurukura zvombo, mishonga uye zvokudya mvura yakanga zvakaoma.

Pakupisa vakunde mishumo chete dzimwe nyanzvi mauto akaita kuti tifunge kuti hondo kuti Stalingrad akatora chinzvimbo zvakasikwa, uye yokuGermany Army 6 akanga kunyimwa mukana rinoshamisa, Musanyura zvokurwa mumugwagwa pakati mumatongo edzimba. Mauto aro vakapararira kune vakawanda uye mazana dzokugara. The hombe nekurashikirwa neupenyu kuti vakatakura Wehrmacht panguva mazana kurwiswa, kwezvinoshandiswa tsamwisa mukana.

Panguva iyi, Soviet General Staff yakatanga chirongwa pasi iyo mauto Paurosi chinofanira akapoteredzwa uye kuparadzwa, uye ipapo muridze Rostov Caucasian rose boka achagurawo uye makavhara, izvo zvaireva kwakakwana pokuwa German hondo muchina. Ari sokuronga inokosha nharaunda yakanga akasungirirwa kuchengeterwa, ehondo mapato ari mamiriyoni mapoka, uye zvinobatsira uri kurutivi yeSoviet. Ezvidzidzo ichi chirongwa chinzvimbo vanofanira kushandisa pakaunda-aizotambudzazve ari Don Front Rokossovsky uye kwakadziva kumadokero Front Vatutin. The chikuru Chikamu zano rakanga Hondo Stalingrad. Date 19 November kwakava kutanga inogumbura kumukomberedza yokuGermany 6th Army.

Vakabatsira nokubudirira mamiriro okunze (chando, pamwe shoma chando), zvikanganiso inotevera aHitler inokosha, zvakarambidzwa Paurosi kuti mumusiye, simba kurwa unhu varwi Romanian uye Italian, vatsigiri Germany, vachidzivirira pachiuno. At Kalach chiteshi musi November 23, yaishora wokumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero uye Don fronts akapfiga encirclement. Gott Panzer Army, iyo akaedza kuputsa blockade, "akatambudzika kunyara."

The tsamwisa Soviet pamusoro kukura haana kutora nzvimbo nokuda kuramba uye kwenguva refu nemishonga vakapoteredzwa nemauto German. Masoja Wehrmacht, uye paiva vanopfuura zviuru 300, vakarwa mune tariro nzvimbo kusvikira February 1943, chete yaipiwa pamwe mhepo. Kuitira kudzivisa makuru nezvinhu, Red Army yaaigara guta, unongoshanda kutokonora uye kubhomba. Seven Mauto Soviet akabata vokuGermany vakakomba mhete, tisingabvumiri kutiza kubva ikoko.

The mikukutu nemishonga wehondo Paurosi chakabatsira murayiro German kuponesa kusada Caucasus boka ravarwi, pasina mamwe kurwa vaizodzorerwa vakatongerwa vachiri kukundwa.

History haashiviriri ari SUBJUNCTIVE kumunetsawo. Izvozvo zvaizova, kana Paulus mapfumo kwokutanga nhasi, unogona chete kuvaka akashinga kubvuma. Chokwadi vanoti kuti hondo Stalingrad akava kunze, pashure izvo Soviet vanhu uye nevatsigiri vavo kukunda hakuchisina vakakonona.