Hondo huru Yenyika War First. hondo Major Hondo Yenyika I.

Kazhinji, nhoroondo yose yevanhu - ndiko nhevedzano hondo uye truces, dzimwe nguva zvinopfuura, dzimwe nguva refu. Vamwe Hondo vakarasika vari kuyeuka emakore, vamwe zvisinei varambe vari kunzwa, nomwoyo vakadzima, kukanganwa pamusoro nguva. A hondo kuti yakauraya upenyu vanhu dzinenge mamiriyoni 20 uye akaremara hondo yakakura muzita iro lyutovali kwete chete muna Europe asiwo Africa uye kuMiddle East, zvishoma nezvishoma ikaramba ichiserera kupinda kare. Uye rudzi rutsva kwete chete haazivi mikuru hondo muHondo Yenyika I, asi handigoni kunyange kurangarira anotevedzana kuumbwa peji ino munhau, akazara neropa uye pakazara gunpowder chinopiswa dzimba.

vatori

The anorwisana mapato vakanga akabatanidza kupinda zvingaenzana nemidhadhadha miviri - the Entente, uye kota (the Triple Alliance). The Zvinoumba wekutanga vakapinda Russian uye British umambo, France (uyewo dzakawanda batana nyika, kusanganisira USA, Japan). Triple Alliance akapedzisa Italy, Germany uye Austria-Hungary. Zvisinei, Italy akazotaura vakatsigira dzairwisa uye mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany vakatanga hweOttoman Empire uye Bulgaria pasi yayo kuzvidzora. Kusonganirana ichi ainzi Quarter Union. The zvinokonzera hondo, izvo zvakazoita kuti chikuru hondo World War First, akadana zvakasiyana, asi Ungangove yasara chisinganzwisisiki pane zvinoverengeka, kusanganisira zveupfumi, miganhu. The Kubika akajekerwa nyika yakanga kubudirira apo kuSarajevo akauraya Archduke Franz Ferdinand, tariro yakakura hweAustria-Hungary. Saka, kubva 28 July, asi Countdown atanga hondo.

Marne kurwa

zvichida iyi ndiyo hondo guru World War First, pakutanga chaipo, muna September 1914. Arena kurwa kuti zvinopindura iri kuchamhembe kweFrance, akatora vanenge 180? Km uye 5 muchirongwa nemauto Germany uye 6 muEngland uye France. Somugumisiro, mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany vakakwanisa kudzivisa urongwa kukurumidza kukundwa France, saka tichaona kuchinja remangwana nzira kurwa.

hondo Galicia

Izvi mashandiro ehondo Russian Empire kwakaratidzwa sezvo huru Battlefields the World War First kuti rakazara Eastern Front pakutanga kweuto kunetsana. The Standoff rwakatora kwerinenge mwedzi, kubva August September 1914, uye akatora chikamu vanenge mamiriyoni 2 vanhu. Austria-Hungary somugumisiro chakarasikirwa vanopfuura zviuru 325 masoja (vasungwa yemubatanidzwa), uye Russia - 230 zviuru.

hondo Jutland

Iyi hondo huru pakati World War First, pachimiro chiito razova Sea North (pedyo Jutland kweItari). Pavanotaurirana yakatanga pakati navies vokuGermany uye British Empire musi 31 May uye 1 June 1916, pakuenzanisa simba rakanga zvikepe 99 kusvika 148 (ari nani British divi). Nokurasikirwa kumativi ose dzaiva kuoneka chaizvo (azvaitwa, ngarava 11 uye vanopfuura zviuru 3 vanhu kubva kudivi reGermany uye zvikepe 14 uye vanoda kusvika 7,000 kurwa ne British). Asi kukunda Vakwikwidzi vaiita - kunyange Germany akakundikana kusvika chipfuro uye kutyora blockade asiwo kurasikirwa muvengi wakanga zvikuru zvikuru.

hondo Verdun

Ichi chimwe chezvinhu ropa mapeji, kusanganisira chikuru hondo World War First urwo rwakatora akawanda 1916 (February-December) kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva France. Somugumisiro kurwa vakauraya vanhu vanenge miriyoni imwe. Uyewo, "Verdun nyama mukuyi" aiva harbinger ari kukundwa of Triple Alliance uye nokusimbaradza ari Entente.

Brusilov Kurwisa

hondo iyi World War First pamwe mubasa South-Western Front Russia yakanga chimwe chezvinhu pamwero mukuru vemauto chiito, vakarongwa maererano murayiro Russian zvakananga. Pazvinotanga wamapoka vatakanzi General Brusilov, kwakatangwa muna June 1916, pane yeAustria chikamu. Ropa hondo pamwe kusiyanisa kubudirira akaramba rose chirimo uye mangwanani nokuwa, asi zvakadaro kubva hondo Austria-Hungary akatadza, asi hombe nezvinhu yeRussian Empire akava mumwe catalysts zvakazoita kuti yaFebruary Revolution.

mashandiro Nivelle

Complex tsamwisa zvakagadzirirwa kuti vavimbezve ehondo pamusoro Western Front, rakarongwa anorenda neBritain uye France, uye kubvira April kusvikira May 1917, uye akaratidza simba ravo yekudyidzana akapfuudza nezvaanogona vokuGermany. Zvisinei, kuti aite kwakajeka budiriro akatadza, asi uwandu vanobatwa zvinoorora - mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany vakarasika vanenge zviuru 340 vanhu, apo kudzivirira eGermany - 163 zviuru.

The chikuru tangi hondo yeHondo Yenyika I.

Panguva World Vokutanga apo kushandiswa zvikuru pakati Matangi haisati yasvika, asi vaifanira kucherechedzwa. September 15, 1916 kokutanga muhondo akasiya British Mk.I, uye zvinenge 49 michina, 18 chete vakakwanisa kuitawo (17 akava vainyeperwa kunyange pamberi rokurwa, uye 14 irreversibly vakaramba mumugwagwa kana kubva pabasa nokuda kukuvadzwa) , asi zvikuru chitarisiko chazvo kuvhiringidzika kuhondo komuvengi vokuGermany dzakapasanura napakati mutsetse kuti kudzika 5 km.

hondo yokutanga chakaitika zvakananga pakati michina iri pedyo kuguma hondo, kana Wheeler Breton muna April 1918 pakarepo atarisana Mk.IV nhatu (England) uye nhatu A7V (Germany), zvichiguma rimwe tangi kurutivi rumwe norumwe akanga zvakakomba, asi zvinonyatsorehwa mugumisiro zvakaoma kududzira mune nyasha mumwe webato. Pazuva iroro, "rombo rakaipa" Chirungu Mk.A, uyo airwara akapona rokutanga musangano A7V. Kunyange zvazvo nhamba 1: 7, asi zvakanakira kunogara parutivi nepfuti "German" riri mberi vakatsigira uye atirari.

Interesting kurwisana kwakaitika, uye October 8, 1918, apo British akasangana 4 Mk.IV imwecheteyo nhamba chete Matangi German (atora), kurasikirwa vakanga chakakonzerwa namaneja mativi. Zvisinei, hondo huru pakati World War First akasiya pasina kutsigira itsva ngozi warrior motokari.

World The First kwakatungamirira kuti kuparara kamwe zvina umambo makuru - vokuBritain, hweOttoman, rweAustro-Hungary uye Russian, uye akatambudzika sezvo vakundi muna chiso Entente, uye vakakundwa pamberi Germany, Austria-Hungary, kusvikira vokuGermany kwenguva refu vave pamutemo kunyimwa mukana kuvaka muuto mamiriro.

Yokusagadzikana hondo yakatanga masoja vanopfuura mamiriyoni 12 vanhuwo zvavo uye 10 miriyoni pasi pose kwasvika munhu akaoma chaizvo nguva yokupona uye kupora. Ukuwo, zvakanga mumakore 1914-1919 paiva kuoneka kugadzira zvombo, chiedza zvigwagwagwa zvakatanga kushandiswa, girinedhi launchers, vaizivikanwa mumigwagwa hondo uye dzehondo, uye mudenga - ndege vakatanga kupa mhepo rutsigiro mauto. Zvisinei, hondo huru World War First kwaingova harbingers kurwa kuti zvinopindura pashure pemakore maviri.