Hero Maguta Russia: Leningrad, Stalingrad, Sevastopol, Novorossiysk

In vakawanda nzvimbo, sezvinoita vanhu, vane dambudziko ravo riri zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe nhoroondo munyika yavakanga vanogara. Munzira dzakawanda vava novimba seboka maitiro avo vageremo. Somuenzaniso, musha aigona kufa kana akawonekana, kana pamusoro emakore kuva muzinda huru yedzidzo yose nharaunda kuvonga iyi, akavamba yunivhesiti ikoko.

sei musoro Hero-City

Mune euphoria okupedzisira enyika Great Patriotic War, vakawanda havana akaona chiitiko chinokosha. Chokwadi chokuti May 1, 1945 Leningrad, Odessa, Sevastopol uye Stalingrad vakanga ainzi guta-gamba. Gare gare, pazuva avaida rechi20 gore Kukunda, musoro paakavapa kwavari pamutemo. Uyezve, guta-gamba of USSR akatanga kuMoscow, Kiev, uye Brest Fortress. Mazita paakavapa mumakore akatevera. Zvikurukuru kubvira 1973, zvakatanga kupfeka Kerch uye Novorossiisk, kubva muna 1974 - Minsk, uye kubva muna 1976 - Tula. Mugore rechi40 gore gamba-guta Victory dzakasimudzirwa senzira Smolensk uye Murmansk. Just panguva zvawanyora rinoumbwa namagariro 12 uye Fortress - Brest. Uyezve, chirevo zvakapfuudzwa muna 2006 kusvika pachinzvimbo chevatatu "Guta Military Kubwinya." Eagle kuiona, muPskov, Belgorod, Kursk, Theodosius, uye vamwe.

Zviya, vashoma vanoziva kuti gamba-maguta Russia havasi chete yevagari nzvimbo kuti vane honorary chinzvimbo chakadaro. A yakafanana rokuremekedza huripo mune dzimwe nyika, dzakadai Cuba, Vietnam uye Italy. The Union Yugoslavia, yakanga paakavapa 8 maguta, akasiyanisa pachavo panguva Second World War, kusanganisira Belgrade, muLjubljana, kuZagreb, Harare nevamwe.

Leningrad

The Feat of nevanozvitsigira uye vagari veguta iri Neva nokusingaperi akapinda nhoroondo yehondo yenyika. Mumwe December 19, 1940, Hitler akasaina nomurayiro, umo pakati pezvimwe zvinhu kunoreva kuti kana yakarwisa Soviet Union kutanga vaifanira richatorwa Leningrad uye Kronstadt, uye ipapo kuMoscow. Apo Kurwa yakanonoka kusvikira September, asi Führer asarudza, nemashoko ake, "kuti nenzara" Leningrad uye akarayira kuti akagura yose nzira iyo chokufambisa zvokudya. Sezvo September 8, 1941 akatanga kumboitika blockade pamusoro Leningrad urwo rwakatora mazuva 872. Hazvina nemamwe kwenhamba yevanhu kuti guta nokuti akaripira kodzero kuchengeta kunze muvengi mumigwagwa yavo uye mumba. Constant muhombe kubhomba uye kutokonora ose zuva Akatapa upenyu mazana nevanozvitsigira. Zvisinei, zvakanga zvakatonyanya vakafa nenzara, sezvo shomanana migove havasi zvakakwana kuramba kunowanzoitika nokushanda kwenhengo dzemuviri.

Pasinei neizvi zvose, kuti Leningrad (zvino St. Petersburg) akapona, uye muvengi vasingagoni zvakaitika Palace Square, Hitler akarota izvi. Panyaya iyi, guta wabhadharwa ane incredible mutengo. Sezvinotaurwa pana rokuNuremberg nemiedzo, vose vakaurayiwa vanhu 632,000. Izvi, 97% - nenzara.

In kuyeuka umhare vanotsigira Leningrad uye vaigara muguta vaakawana dzakawanda pazvivako, kusanganisira obelisk "Hero City" musi Mhirizhonga Square (aimiririra pamusoro).

Stalingrad (Volgograd)

zita reguta pakuzivikanwa munyika yose muna 1942. Hondo Stalingrad urwo rwakatora kwemwedzi mitanhatu, mararamiro Hondo Yenyika II. Hondo dzairwiwa kuti imba imwe neimwe, mumigwagwa uye mukoto. Mune rimwe guta pamwe anorwisana mapato kushanda nemazana nemasoja akavanda. Musi heroism pamusoro Stalingrad vagari, vakawanda zvitupa. Kungotaura muenzaniso mumwe chete: kusunungurwa yomunharaunda kugadzirwa tarakita fekitari rinoitwa kunyange apo Wehrmacht mauto dzakapasanura napakati guta. In kuchaitwa Stalingrad achitevedza Volga kuchamhembe unonyangadzwa bhurigedhi kwayo kushanda varwi. Kunyanya nesimba vaigara vaifanira August 23, 1942, somugumisiro vanotyisa kubhomba yakaurawa pamusoro 40 000 vanhu.

Kufanana nevamwe aunopiwa Hero kweRussia, Volgograd immortalized ndangariro nevanozvitsigira zvavo kuisa Zvivako anoverengeka uye kuvaka hofori chirangaridzo kunzwisisa pamusoro Mamayev Hill.

Sevastopol

Vamwe magamba maguta Russian yepamusoro kwete Great Patriotic War. Somuenzaniso, nokuti nhoroondo Sevastopol-gore 233 kakawanda akava mutsetse pamberi kudzivirira nyika yedu. Zvikurukuru munguva yacho Crimean War kuti 10 mwedzi, akatsungirira yakakuwandira kweFrance yakabatana hondo, England uye Turkey. The umhare hondo veboka ravarwi, vakwasvi Russian zvikepe uye vagari Viktor Gyugo akadana itsva kukomba Troy. Vagari veguta vakaramba vechokwadi tsika madzitateguru avo, uye makore 90 pashure zviitiko zvinorondedzerwa, kana nevarwi Wehrmacht akasarudza kubvuta Crimea, gamba-guta Sevastopol rakanga ravane mazuva 250, apo zvakadzama seri muvengi mitsetse. Kuwedzera vagari vari hondo vaiitawo 23 000 vanhu vashandi, vachitsigirwa ne 150 kumahombekombe uye munda pfuti. Kunyange zvazvo mugumo kwematsutso 1942 vaifanira kusiya Sevastopol, mu isingasviki Papera gore, akasunungurwa nemauto ari 4th kuUkraine Front.

Hero guta Novorossiysk

The zita "Little Earth" iri kwema1970, akanga pamiromo vose, sezvo bhuku rechipiri yakabudiswa, munyori iyo pamutemo vaiona Leonid Brezhnev. Zvikamu zvakawanda kwaiva hakungagoni basa iri chaiko pakarepo akava kunobva rakafuridzirwa avo vanoda kunyora nyaya. Asi ndechokuti bridgehead "Little Nyika" akabatwa nemauto eSoviet uye mubatirire kwemazuva 225, yaiva hwakaoma chaizvo chaiye. The Feat pakati magamba avo akadzivirira gamba-guta Novorossiysk, hapana mubvunzo akakodzera pakuyemura uye nezvizvarwa. Akanga immortalized nokuda erection Chirangaridzo kunzwisisa. Inside the Monument ane chivezwa unoratidza achiwana nhengo, ari kurwa kubwinya Museum, apo unogona kuwana mashoko pamusoro kutsigira zviri bridgehead vavo mabasa makuru.

Other guta-magamba

Kuti nezvoUmambo dzezvakaitwa vagere Moscow, Kiev, Minsk, Tula, Murmansk, Smolensk, Kerch, Odessa uye Brest Fortress zvinogona refu chaizvo. Mumwe nomumwe wavo chokuita nyaya zhinji ane magamba kusanganisira vanhuwo varume nevakadzi vakanga vasati rakaitirwa ake maoko maoko ake, asi okutuka, ngozi nokuda rakada Kukunda Day uye kukundwa nomuvengi. ndangariro dzavo chiri zvakapfuudzira zvirangaridzo, zvivako uye kunofanira kuyeukwa plaques.

Zvino kuti munoziva zvakataurwa seboka mabasa akaita nevanhu vaigara Russian guta wemagamba (Leningrad, Sevastopol, Stalingrad uye Novorossiysk) panguva Great Patriotic War. Pamusana nokuzvitsaurira kwavo yakakundwa kwechiFascist vasina chinozoiswa misanthropic zvarongwa Adolf Hitler neshamwari dzake.