Gobvu pfungwa dzinofamba mumakungwa; asi Mariana mugoronga

Gungwa iri pedyo zvikuru kwatiri kupfuura mapuraneti ari renzou. Zvisinei, Musana anodzidzwa ne 5 muzana chete. Uye sei zvizhinji zvakavanzika mumakungwa kuchengeta mvura? Izvi ndizvo zvakavanzika mukuru redu.

Maximum udzamu

Mariana muchinjiziri, kana zvimwe Mariana mumugero - gobvu nzvimbo munyanza. Pano kurarama zvisikwa zvinoshamisa uye anongoda hapana chiedza. Zvisinei, ndiwo yakakurumbira nzvimbo vachiri haina zvizere kudzidza, uye hwakazara zhinji unsolved zvakavanzika.

Svetuka kupinda Mariana mugoronga - kuzviuraya chaiko. Pashure pezvose, mvura kufurirwa ane chiuru nguva kupfuura kumanikidzwa panguva wegungwa. The kunonyanyisa udzamu hwenyika gungwa anenge 10.994 metres ane kururama 40 mamita. Zvisinei, pane daredevils vakaburukira pasi, vachiisa upenyu hwavo. Chokwadi, hakuna kuitwa kana ichi pasina yazvino.

Aripiko gobvu nzvimbo penyanza

Mariana mumugero iri muPacific, kuti kunyatsoenderana, kumadokero kwayo chikamu, pedyo kumabvazuva, pedo Guam, vanenge 200 chete kubva kuna Marianas. Gobvu pfungwa mugungwa iri yakaita imwe muchimwiro ari muchimiro kirisendi. Upamhi mwoyo anenge 69 makiromita, uye kureba - 2550? Km.

Coordinates of Mariana mugoronga: mabvazuva Longitude - 142 ° 35 'North Latitude - 11 ° 22'.

The tembiricha nechepasi

Vanotsvakurudza vanoti kuti panguva kunonyanyisa udzamu anofanira kuva tembiricha yakaderera chaizvo. Zvisinei, vanoshamiswa chaizvo chokuti iri pasi Mariana muchinjiziri, mufananidzo uyu ichiri pamusoro razero uye 1 - 4 ° C. Nokukurumidza ichi chinoshamisa uye akawana tsananguro.

Pamusangano kudzika 1600 metres pazasi mvura pamusoro akaronga hydrothermal zvinyorwa. Vari anonziwo "vanosvuta chena." Kubva manyuko iri ndege emvura inopisa kwazvo. tembiricha wayo 450 ° C.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti mvura chikamu guru uwandu zvicherwa. Zviri izvi makemikari ari makuru pakadzika zvinhu uye rutsigiro upenyu. Pasinei yakadaro yakakwirira tembiricha kuti hunopfuura kakawanda kubika tembiricha mvura haina kufashaira. Uye ichi imhaka munhu zvakakwana yakakwirira kumanikidzwa. Panguva udzamu ichi mufananidzo 155 nguva kupfuura pamusoro pemvura.

Sezvaunogona kuona, gobvu nzvimbo mumakungwa hakusi nyore. Zvakavanzwa vachiri zvakavanzika zvakawanda zvinoda kugadzirisa.

Anogara panguva udzamu

Vanhu vakawanda vanofunga kuti gobvu pfungwa mugungwa - rakadzikadzika ichi, apo hapana upenyu. Zvisinei, hazvina kudaro. At pasi Mariana muchinjiziri, masayendisiti akawana amoebae guru kwazvo, akadana xenophyophore. Kureba muviri 10 masendimita. Iyi yakakura chaizvo chimwe-celled zvinenge.

Masayendisiti zvinoratidza kuti ichi mhando amoeba awana kukura nokuda kwezvakatipoteredza yavanofanira kurarama kwakadaro. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvisikwa izvi chete-celled akawanikwa ari kudzika 10.6 makiromita. budiriro yavo kukanganiswa zvinhu zvakawanda. Ichi uye nokushaya chiedza chezuva, uye zvakakwana BP, uye, chokwadi, mvura inotonhora.

Uyezve, xenophyophore chete vane mano akasiyana. Amoeba zvakakwana uchatamisa anzwe kuti mishonga yakawanda uye zvinhu, kusanganisira kutungamirira, nemekiyuri uye uranium exchange.

clams

At pasi Mariana mugoronga yakakwirira chaizvo kuvafurira. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, hapana mukana wokupona kunyange zvisikwa pfupa kana deko. Zvisinei, kwete kuti kare, mollusks vaakawana Mariana mugoronga. Vanorarama kumativi hydrothermal vent, nekuti unomonereka unotora methane uye rehydrogen. Izvi zvinhu chinogona kuumbwa muviri mupenyu.

Harusati anozivikanwa sei molluscs vanokwanisa kuchengeta anoshongwa avo ezvinhu akafanana. Uyezve, hydrothermal vent kubereka mumwe gasi - rehydrogen sulfide. Uye anozivikanwa kuti kungouraya chero dzemugungwa.

Liquid carbon dioxide inobvisa wakachena muchimiro

Mariana mumugero - gobvu nzvimbo nyika mugungwa, uye nyika inoshamisa yakawanda hazvitaurwi mananara. Heano hydrothermal vent yaiva pedyo Taiwan, Okinawa muchimwiro panze. Ndicho chete pemvura mudunhu anozivikanwa panguva ino, apo pane mvura carbon dioxide. nzvimbo iyi rakaonekwa muna 2005.

Masayendisiti akawanda vanodavira kuti zvinyorwa izvi vakabvumira achamukira muna Mariana mugoronga upenyu. Handiti, hazvisi bedzi optimum tembiricha, asiwo kuvapo kemikari.

In mhedziso

Gobvu nzvimbo mumakungwa vari achidzedzereka zvemariro nyika yake. Pano unogona kuwana zvipenyu, zviri kwazvo vanonzwa murima uye pasi kumusoro kumanikidzwa uye haagoni kurarama neimwe ezvinhu.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti Mariana mumugero ane mamiriro National Monument USA. Ichi Marine kuchengeterwa ndiro rakakura kupfuura mamwe ose munyika. Chokwadi, vaya vanoda kuuya pano, pane vamwe mitemo pachikwangwani. Nzvimbo iyi zvaisambobvumirwa dzokubvisa zvicherwa, uye hove.