Dzinodya dzimwe nyaya? Kutanga nganonyorwa "Dubrovsky"

Maererano chinyorwa ichi, vamwe mafirimu akaisa, nyaya yake akava hwaro yakakurumbira dhanzi. Uyewo, vazhinji vakararama pakati Pushkin uye chinonyanya inozvikudza nyanzvi basa rake ndiro chete nhoroondo zvarisingazivi, pakusikwa "Dubrovsky" yokufungidzira zhinji akazivisa rokukanganisa, pachena chikanganiso Nyanduri kukuru. Ichokwadi ichi?

Russian Robin Gud

Pushkin kuti shasha akamuita akaisa zvakawanda nezvinetso zvitsva. Ndima yaiva mutauro dzakazova nheyo mabhuku makuru, tsika huru. In prose, mutauro - nyore, zvakajeka, kuratidza - zvakanyorwa "Belkin", iro haringanzi kunzi evasingatombonamati prosaic magwaro, nokuti kudaro zvakarurama calibrated kubudikidza enhetembo nzvimbo nerimwe shoko, mumwe inzwi.

From "Tenzikadzi mu Maid" kuti "Dubrovsky"

Kunyange makore maviri mushure "Tenzikadzi mu Maid" mu "Dubrovsky" kuoneka rudo vechidiki zvakare kubva pedyo Estates, kunyange vachiri kutaura - kusiya mu negomba muti rworudyi shoko, nhoroondo yokusika "Dubrovsky" yokufungidzira anotiratidza Pushkin itsva. Munyori akakura Runako yakasiyana chaizvo panguva nyika.

Sezvo muzhizha 1831 Pushkin ari kuramba kukosha kusikwa pamusoro prose mabasa yakasiyana hunhu, apo mukuru kugutsikana iri dzevakawanda nyaya akaudza. Kutanga nganonyorwa "Dubrovsky" aigona kutanga chido kusika yakatofanana pamusoro Russian uchinzvera yokufungidzira, mukurumbira kudaro mabhuku Western. Asi funga rugwaro Pushkin ndiwo oga ungira kuti Walter Scott aiva enganonyorwa, kana pfungwa iri "dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya" dingindira dzataurwa nokuda Schiller, nezvisingabvumwi kuti banal azvipire Alexander. Zvichida wokutanga chikurudziro pfungwa aigona kuva akafanana chimiro, asi zvino vava kunyanya kukosha.

Dubrovsky - Ostrovsky?

It Ostrovsky pakutanga aronga zita protagonist pamusoro Pushkin. Pfungwa akaita pamusoro pake kuudza shamwari yakanaka Moscow P. V. Naschokinym munhoroondo. Kutanga nganonyorwa "Dubrovsky" inotorerwa vakatsunga kumuzikamwi Pushkin kuburikidza Naschokina pamwe ezvinhu kana Belarusian womunda Pavla Ostrovskogo.

Paper dzavo diki Hamlet ari maviri nemvura, yakanga iri Minsk mudunhu, akapisa panguva Napoleonic nechisimba. Akatora mukana akapfuma muvakidzani, akaita vakabata muduku musha ari varombo vomuridzi womunda. Kwekanguva, aifanira kuita kuti vadzidzisi vekumba, asi nokukurumidza munzvimbo idzodzo vakatanga kurwisa bailiffs nevamwe vakuru vakuru. Ostrovsky asungwe, maererano nedzimwe manyuko, akakwanisa kunzvenga sawing kubudikidza chain nengetani, uye zvisaririra kwayo akarasika. Tine pamberi pedu ane zvinenge chaiyo chomunda Pushkin kuti yokufungidzira.

Nyaya refutenendi Muratova

Chitsauko chechipiri "Dubrovskii" Pushkin anoisa gwaro iyo muchidimbu Troekurova litigation aichimbova mumwe. The mutongo rinoita kuti munyori wacho kunyora, saka zvinoorora payo kantselyarizmy inoremerwa turnover. Asi zvinoitika, ndiyo kopi gwaro kubva nyaya hworuvazhe kuzvibvisa pane munda refutenendi Martynov vachida muvakidzani - Colonel Kryukov. Pushkin akaisa kopi gwaro iri drafts iri yokufungidzira, penzura kuchinja - achinja zita chairo kune avo waakatipa vatambi "Dubrovsky".

The drafts akasarudzwa nzvimbo - Kozlowski County Tambov dunhu, apo pakanga nyaya iyi. Kutanga nganonyorwa "Dubrovsky" zviri zvikurukuru papfungwa pezvakaitwa akafanana kwakaitika eumambo hwacho. The yokupedzisira shanduro zita protagonist pakati Pushkin akava foregone mhedziso paakasangana dare nyaya zvakafanana pakati Nizhny Novgorod mudunhu, ndeipi yakakurumbira Pushkin wemunda Boldin. Pakati chaiye vanhu akasangana womunda pamwe emashoko zita. Zvinonzi zita iri rava zita ane konekwa yokufungidzira, kana akasarudza kubudisa ari posthumous yakaunganidzwa mabasa.

mukurumbira chimurenga

Chokwadi, zvakaoma kufungidzira basa Pushkin bofu muunganidzwa kwakavakirwa chaicho nezuva zviitiko. history of "Dubrovsky" yokufungidzira havagoni kutarira saizvozvo. Pushkin aifarira, uye zvikuru munzanga mananara. Sei iye kusateerera yokumukira nezvombo muna 1830 kuParis uye Lille, vokuPoland National rusununguko rwokufamba pamusoro Nicholas I, uye wepanguva Russian umambo pano uye ipapo chikamupenyera korera nemhirizhonga.

Kunosiya chiratidzo pamusoro munhoroondo Pushkin basa Pugachev hondo. Chii nhoroondo yokufungidzira "Dubrovsky" - nyaya yomuchinda bhanditi uyo akarwa vehurumende - aigona kuita pasina panotaurwa kuti vanhu inokanganikwa murimi mudiki hondo. In Kistenevka Grove kuenda vakomana, zvikuru zvakafanana nezviya Pushkin akatuma Pugachev hondo mu "The yaKaputeni Mwanasikana." nesuwo havaoni zvizere Nokubvumira munyori chinhu yokupandukira - mu mberi "Dubrovsky" muduku gororo kuiparadza bhendi yake, izvo zvinoita zvikuru nomusoro.

mugumisiro

Nhoroondo Kunyange kupfupi kwazvo "Dubrovsky" yokufungidzira inoita kusina kunyomba pfungwa kupfuura anoremekedzwa vanyori basa iri Pushkin. Chidzore rive akatadza kuedza kuita mari paakasika munhu lightweight ingano, zvinofanira vanozvikudza chaizvo nemafungiro guru zita. Alexander, uyo ari kuedza kusvika padanho Zagoskina, Lazhechnikov kana Bulgarin (kuti nzira ngachipiwe mu "Dubrovsky" nevamwe vatsoropodzi) - iri pathetic kuva yechokwadi.

Hazvizivikanwi kuti munyori angadai yapera dzorudo dzavo, asi kuti ndeyevanyori yakatarwa pfungwa achava zvakakwana here kunetseka pamusoro chipo uye nezveramangwana vaverengi.