Meat: muviri ukoshi, makemikari anoumba, utachiona kukosha, simba ukoshi, mamirire

Vanhu kudya nyama kubva nguva kare. Vanodzidza vanodavira kuti nyama muviri mutengo uri isingaenzaniswi nedzimwe, wakapata chihombe basa hwomunhu kukura. Pashure negashiro nyama pamuviri vari kusvitsa zvakadai zvinovaka muviri sechinhu aminocarboxylic acid.

Vanhu vazhinji vanoshamisika kuti nyama iri rinokosha, chii mhando kwayo vanonzi yakanakisisa? Izvi uye nemimwe mibvunzo yakafanana inogona akapindura nokuongorora data, inomiririra hunhu uye muviri ukoshi nyama.

Meat - yaibatsira chigadzirwa

Kwemakore, panoita nharo pamusoro kana nyama zvinobatsira nomuviri womunhu, uye sei izvozvo kunofanira kuvapo nezuva kudya. Vazhinji vanodavira kuti amino iine acid Zvinoumba mapuroteni, chigadzirwa ichi pedyo chaizvo yeimwe kwakadaro muviri, saka zvibereko mhuka mavambo vanofanira kudya zvakawanda. Vamwe vanofunga kuti nyama - ane muchetura mapuroteni chigadzirwa, izvo iwe uchida kurega zvachose.

Asi vakawanda nenyanzvi anoda vanoomerera panyaya iyi yendarama zvinoreva. Saka Academician NM Amosov - chiremba ane mukurumbira munyika, anozivikanwa rinotsigira kuti utano hwakanaka, nechokwadi kuti nezuva Muterere munhu anofanira kuuya asina kupfuura 100 magiramu dzenyama. Zvisinei, vanofanira kuramba kwakadaro zvokudya kunobva munhu zvatariswa mumwe nomumwe muviri. One vanoda zvokudya zuva nezuva, vamwe vanosarudza hove kana miriwo.

Rokuramba nyama zvigadzirwa, zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti zvokudya kukosha nyama zvakakwirira. It - huru nokutengesa zvinokosha amino acids. Other zvigadzirwa havana muviri izvi.

Nyama yaro mamiriro

Funga zvikamu avo nyama zvitunha mombe, izvo ganda chinobviswa. Pre unofanira kuparadzwa musoro, bvisai mukati. The zvinoriumba vari nyama tsandanyama uye connective rinenge mafuta layer nemidziyo nemarunda. Kubva rudzi wemhuka, ayo zera, pabonde, zvinhu, dhigirii mafuta, yakarurama rokuzvibaya zvinosiyana makemikari anoumba uye muviri ukoshi nyama.

Chinonyanya inoremekedzwa mu murwiyo zvibereko tsandanyama tishu. mugove Its anenge 50-64 muzana zvachose kurema pasi-buri chitunha. Sezvo chikamu - the tsandanyama fibers (tsandanyama, nemarunda). Most nyoro zvinyama yaiva nemapoka tsandanyama, yaiva shoma kurovedza muviri (chiuno, musana, lumbar).

Hazvina nyoro uye tsandanyama rinenge mhuka duku. The old akanga zvishoma mitsipa. Mukubika, zvakanaka kuti vashandise avo zvikamu chitunha, iyo ine yakawanda kwetsandanyama rinenge nekuti kwavari zvakakwana nemarunda, ukuwo, kunodzikira uwandu tsvina.

Muviri ukoshi nyama zvinogadzirwa

Food uye chaivo kukosha nyama nokuda vomumatunhu ayo. mapuroteni ava amino asidhi uye polyunsaturated mafuta acids, izvo huri Zvinoumba lipids - rwokuzvarwa Organic yeimwe. Uye nyama chinhu chaizvo tsime phosphorus, B mavhitaminzi uye chicherwa Mishonga maatomu akafanana. Varipo vari nyama sezvo extractives, iyo kupa chigadzirwa kuravira, Appetizing uye kushingaira inotokonya secretion pamusoro gastric muto.

The simba Kukosha nyama - 100-500 kcal paminiti 100 g chigadzirwa. Vazhinji vanonetseka kuti nyama zvikuru rine remafuta akawandisa. Vaya hanya utano hwavo, vanogona kuva nechivimbo kuti ichi chinhu chiduku duku shoma - vanenge 0.06-0.12 muzana.

Muviri ukoshi yehuku kunoratidzwa kuwanikwa vakawanda vakasiyana siyana mavhitamini (B1 zvikuru; B2; B12; B6, PP uye C). Chicken chiropa rine vhitamini A (300-500 MG / g).

Objective zviratidzi rinotsanangurwa muviri ukoshi nyama (nyama) - nhamba yacho dzinodyiwa zvikamu chitunha kukodzera zvokudya (pfupa, shwashwa).

zvikafu

Kutaura zvazviri, emit akasiyana-siyana akawanda chigadzirwa. Kutaura zvazviri, tsandanyama rinenge zvose zvipenyu vanhu chikafu. Vanodya zvipfuwo zvikurukuru, zvakadai nguruve, mombe nemakwai uye nemabhiza. Zvisinei, mazita ane zvokudya mhuka mavambo yakatsvuka zvinhu rakanyatsojeka rwakafara.

Somuenzaniso, anobatsira mune nyama mhuka (nyama, nyama yenguruve, mutton, horsemeat, ngamera, sobachatiny, et unto.); nemakonzo (tsuro uye netsuro); ungulates (leggings, mhuka) uye, chokwadi, seshiri - kubva zvetsika kusvika zvekumwe huku mutambo.

Mune dzimwe nyika, ane mukurumbira chaizvo nyama madhishi pamusoro amphibians (semuenzaniso, matatya).

Zvinofanira kusimbiswa kuti mumwe rudzi anopa kupfuura imwe mhando chigadzirwa.

Somuenzaniso, muna India havadyi nyama, uye munyika vechiMuslim - nyama yenguruve. Vamiririri necheSalvic avanhu rinenge havadyi horsemeat uye vanoramba zvachose sobachatiny uye lyagushatinu. Asi munyika dzakawanda dzeEurope, bhiza nyama - yaanofarira chigadzirwa. Chinese uye vokuKorea sobachatiny sechinhu delicacy, uye French uye vokuAmerica vanoda ndiro kubva matatya.

The zvazvingava zuva nezuva kudya

Yakavimbika ukoshi nokuti Muterere - 150 magiramu nyama pazuva. Zvisinei, izvi hazvirevi kuti munhu wose ane kudya inhamba ake. Power murume akarurama anofanira kuva pakati nepakati uye unosangana kunaka zvinodiwa. Mukuwedzera, daily mwero dzinosiyana nokuda zvimwe zvokurapa zvirwere. Saka, nechirwere atherosclerosis yakarumbidza yaunodya pamusoro 70-80 magiramu mafuta isina nyama imwe zuva kana katatu pavhiki 150 Physicians muBritain vanotenda kuti vanhu vakura vanofanira kuva nechokwadi kuti kudya 90 magiramu dzvuku nyama, pasina chaiyo miganhu, shiri nezuva kudya .

Masayendisiti nyika yakati sandara, kubata sayenzi zvokudya, regai kuisa mberi chaizvo zvinodiwa kuti kudyiwa nyama zvigadzirwa. Zvose zvinoenderana munhu unhu (urudzi, chitendero, pamwero upfumi kunyika dzokugara) munhu.

Zvisinei, ongororo dzinoratidza kuti kuparadzwa dzvuku nyama akawanda zadzisa muviri pamwe makemikari zvinhu (izvo zvingaita mune zvinopfuura uric acid) uye metabolic zvigadzirwa. Izvi zvakaipa pamusoro pechiropa, netsvo, kukonzera disruptions mu kumwoyo. Saka kuti kudzora kushandisa nyama kunodiwawo.

Zvichienzaniswa mhuka mapuroteni, ukoshi haidereri zvakafanana yeimwe zviri hove. Vari nyore ozeyewa, saka akakurudzira rinodyiwa nezuva. Uye vanhu vakura zera mazuva 1-2 pavhiki nani kutsiva nyama zvokudya hove kana dheri zvigadzirwa.

unhu zviratidzi

Food uye simba ukoshi nyama kunobva papi chigadzirwa iri conditionally. Saka, kusarudza unhu waro nyore. Fresh nyama shoma (two chilled) vanofanira kuva rakaoma, hapana mutsvuku, zvishoma manyoro pamusoro akachekwa, asi kwete Sticky. Dimple pa chinokutsimbirirai nyama imwe benign mheni anonyangarika, uye muto anomhanya zvakajeka kana incision. Ruvara kunobva mafuta akasiyana nyama: yenguruve mafuta whitish-blue, uye nyama - hapana tsvuku.

Yokuisvonaka nyama kunotemwa nokushandisa nenharo banga. Kana kuboora stale chigadzirwa kubva banga ipapo risingafadzi kunhuwa.

Kana nyama chakarasikirwa kwakavharwa nenyama kusachinja-chinja, zviri kunama, itedze uye rima, zvinoreva chenhando. Kana notch kunoonekwa kuti nyama substandard ane greyish-uswa tint, uye kumanikidzwa-anenge munwe fossa kwete zvichienderana. Muviri ukoshi kwakadai nyama inorasika zvachose.

Nitrites uye nitrates pachikafu zvigadzirwa

Ngozi "mavhitaminzi", sezvo zvokudya zvisaora uye kubatsira kuchengetedza vaaleanpunainen tint nyama zvigadzirwa. Ivo vakawedzera muna rakapfungaira zvigadzirwa, Sausages, zvomumagaba nyama, vazhinji zvinonaka uyewo inoshandiswa salting nyama.

Quite chepfu nitrites: chero ovhadhozi rawo ngozi muviri. Chizenga uchikurukura izvi zvinhu muropa riri kutendeukira methemoglobin, uye ipapo simbi iri oxidized anorasikirwa kukwanisa kwayo kusunungura okisijeni kuti munyama, kunogona kuitika nazvo zvayo rikwanise kukundikana.

The zvipenyu mugumisiro nitrates dzikaruma zvakasiyana. Kamwe muna zvomudumbu turakiti, vari dzikwanise nitrites uye ipapo - kupinda carcinogens.

Plus, nitrates uye nitrites dzakaipa zvainoita zvomudumbu hurongwa, nokuputsa kuitwa makemikari uye zvichivhiringidza ari Absorção de Água kwemapurotini uye mafuta.

culinary kugadzira

Chemical mamiriro uye muviri ukoshi nyama inogona sangana nazvo zvakawanda. Ndokusaka zviri zvakapararira mukubika. Panguva kubika, shandisa mhando dzakasiyana nokupisa kurapwa. Meat anogona kubika, kubheka, nyemba uye furaya pripuskayut.

Thermal kugadzira nyama unocherekedza sechivako chigadzirwa, anotora kuti unoda, uye zvinoparadza tusingaoneki hunokuvadza.

Pane imwe nzira rokugadzirira nyama pamberi kupisa kurapwa - sludge (mushoma pamusoro minced nyama yakaturikwa Kamudzira). Rinoshandiswa nenzira zvaAtemisi Sausages.

Mapuroteni uye mafuta

Saturation nyama aminocarboxylic acids chinowedzera mukuru mapuroteni kugutsikana (14-24%). On mafuta chigadzirwa chokuita nokuvapo mairi hombe yakawanda mafuta (30-40%).

Mugore zvomudumbu turakiti yakareba kugaya mafuta nyama. Muviri ukoshi nokuda kwayo kwete saka sechivako mapuroteni, asi kunyanya mafuta, makemikari yeimwe uye extractive zvinhu.

Beef nyama ine 2,9-16% mafuta uye 14-21% mapuroteni; nyama yenguruve, zvichienderana mwero Ndinowonda - 28, 33-49 uye 17% mafuta, 14-12% mapuroteni; go - 8-18% mafuta uye 18-21% mapuroteni. The Turkey mapuroteni zvishoma zvikuru.

Rabbit rine 21% mapuroteni uye 11% mafuta. Zvinokurudzirwa ari kurapwa uye kudya zviri zvokudya zvakawanda.

offal

Pets kutipa kwete chete nyama. Muviri ukoshi byproducts zhinji (mutauro, itsvo, mwoyo) kukwirira. Most akaonga chiropa, sezvazvakaita idura chairo mavhitamini ose akasiyana, uyewo ropa-zvichiumba zvinhu. All zvinhu zvisaririra zvakakwana woga kubva chiropa kupisa zvakaipa (yakabikwa, ine muto zvakakangwa) uye saka, pates, hapana chikonzero kurishandisa hafu-chakabikwa (dzakawanda dzinorumbidza kuita kudaro panguva kuderedzwa Chizenga). Zvisinei, chiropa rine purines, remafuta akawandisa, uric acid, saka gout, chirwere cheitsvo, atherosclerosis, uye vaya vari kufuta, zvinokosha kuderedza kudya.

Naizvozvo, kuti asava nyama zvokudya zvavo, izvo zviri yakakwirira muviri kukosha, hazvina zvakazara inokurudzirwa.

The Kudavira kuti nyama - inokuvadza chigadzirwa hakusi kusina pakwakavakirwa. Pasina mubvunzo, zvichavabatsira chete kana pfungwa kuparadzwa, kunyanyisa anogona kuva kukuvadza muviri womunhu.