Divisors uye multiples

"Multiple nhamba" wenyaya akadzidza mugiredhi 5th pamusoro chesekondari. chinangwa charo kuvandudza waingoita uye zvakanyorwa unyanzvi masvomhu. chidzidzo ichi otaura pfungwa itsva - the "multiples" uye "splitters", chinozadziswa unyanzvi kungawanika divisors uye multiples dzinongoitika nhamba, kukwanisa kuwana NOC munzira dzakasiyana-siyana.

nyaya iyi inokosha zvikuru. Zivo inogona kushandawo kugadzirisa mienzaniso pamwe zvikamu zviduku. Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kuwana rwakafanana dhinomineta kuburikidza pakuverenga mudukusa vanhuwo akawanda (LCM).

A mudanga anoonekwa chinhu integer kuti divisible vasina zvikasawanirwa.

18: 2 = 9

Ose akanaka integer ane zvikuru zvakawanda multiples nhamba. Zvinonzi pacharo kuonekwa duku duku. Peta haagoni kuva zvishoma pane nhamba pachayo.

basa

Tinofanira kuratidza kuti nhamba 125 ndiyo vakawanda kuti nhamba 5. Kuti aite izvi, vagovane nhamba yokutanga pamusoro wechipiri. Kana 125 iri divisible nokuda 5 pasina zvikasawanirwa, saka mhinduro ndihungu.

All dzinongoitika nhamba inogona kukamurwa: 1. Multiple anokamura oga.

Sezvatinoziva, nhamba fission vanonzi "dividend", "mugoveri", "voga".

27: 9 = 3,

apo 27 - dividend, 9 - mugoveri 3 - quotient.

Multiples of 2, - avo kana huviri regai kuumba vakasara. Ndivo zvose kunyange.

Multiples of 3 - zvokuti hapana residues akakamurwa matatu (3, 6, 9, 12, 15 ...).

Somuenzaniso, 72. nhamba uyu vakawanda 3, nokuti divisible 3 pasina zvasara (sezvo chikazozikamwa, nhamba iri divisible 3 pasina Zvakasara, kana uwandu digits aro divisible 3)

Verengai 7 + 2 = 9; 9: 3 = 3.

Ko nhamba 11, vakawanda of 4?

11: 4 = 2 (vakasara 3)

Mhinduro: hakusi, sezvo pane pachiyero.

Common vakawanda zviviri kana kupfuura integers - zviri, izvo yakakamurwa nokuwanda hapana vakasara.

K (8) = 8, 16, 24 ...

K (6) = 6, 12, 18, 24 ...

K (6.8) = 24

LCM (muduku zvakafanana akawanda) ndeinotevera.

Nokuti nhamba mumwe zvakakodzera kuti somunhu oga kunyora kupinda tambo multiples - kusvikira kuwana chete.

NOC (5, 6) = 30.

Nzira iyi ndiyo kushandiswawo diki nhamba.

Kana pakuverenga ari NOC kusangana chaiwo zviitiko.

1. Kana uchida kuwana rwakafanana vakawanda 2 nhamba (semuenzaniso, 80 uye 20), apo mumwe wavo (80) iri divisible nomumwe (20), ipapo nhamba iyi (80) uye iduku akawanda ari nhamba mbiri.

NOC (80, 20) = 80.

2. Kana vaviri mukuru nhamba havana chakajairika divisor, tinogona kutaura kuti NOC kwavo - zvakagadzirwa nhamba idzi mbiri.

NOC (6, 7) = 42.

Funga muenzaniso rokupedzisira. 6 ne7 panyaya 42 vari divisors. Vanobvumirana vakawanda vasina vakasara.

42: 7 = 6

42: 6 = 7

In muenzaniso uyu, 6 ne7 vari aiwanzopiwa wokushanda divisors. chigadzirwa wavo akaenzana vakawanda kuti (42).

6x7 = 42

The nhamba inonzi mukuru kana kana 1 (3: 1 = 3 3 3 = 1) ndiyo divisible chete roga. Vamwe vanonzi ematongerwo.

Mune mumwe muenzaniso, tinofanira kuona kuti mugoveri 9 noruremekedzo kuti 42.

42: 9 = 4 (vakasara 6)

Mhinduro: 9 hakusi divisor 42 nokuti pane mwero iri kufarira.

The mugoveri akasiyana nguva kuti mugoveri - Ndiko kuwanda naro vagovane dzinongoitika nhamba, uye peta pacharo yakakamurwa nhamba iyi.

Mukuru zvakakurumbira divisor pamusoro nhamba uye b, ndikawanza avo chiduku nedanga, ipai pachavo zvinobikwa nhamba uye b.

Zvinoti: gcd (a, b) X LCM (a, b) = munhu X b.

Common multiples zvikuru kunzwisisa nhamba ndeinotevera.

Somuenzaniso, kuwana NOC kuti 168, 180, 3024.

nhamba aya yaora kupinda mutungamiriri zvinhu, rakanyorwa sezvo chigadzirwa kwemasimba:

168 = 2³h3¹h7¹

= 180 2²h3²h5¹

3024 = 2⁴h3³h7¹

Zvadaro nyora pasi zvose nechepasi madhigirii nepfungwa kuita uye muwande kwavari:

2⁴h3³h5¹h7¹ = 15120

NOC (168, 180, 3024) = 15120.