Dawes Plan senzira ezvoupfumi nokumutswa Germany nepakati 1920s

Pashure pokukundwa Germany Empire Chibvumirano Versailles akanga yakasainwa muna First World War pakati 1914-1918. By ayo mashoko, Germany aifanira kubhadhara yokugadzirisa kunyika yacho Entente. Kukura uye muripo nguva haisiri nokudzorwa runyararo chibvumirano. Mumakore 2-3, Germany yakanga zvatiomera zvemari. Muna 1924, ivo Dawes Plan hwakagadzirirwa kudzorera nengaidzo vachibhadhara hwenyika German.

kunetsana munharaunda Ruhr Franco-German

Mumwe penyika vanovimba kugadziriswa, aiva France. Apo Germany atanga chakakomba zvoupfumi, matambudziko akatanga kuripwa yokugadzirisa, President Poincare akasarudza kupinda French mauto munharaunda Ruhr. Sezvaunoziva, kuti Ruhr - ndiyo mokuwana-vapfumi kudunhu Germany. Pane akasiyana mamakisi kuti marasha mined, izvo panguva iyoyo yaishandiswa chaizvo indasitiri, uye pamusoro njanji. kubvuta French mundima German vaiva zvinangwa akawanda:

• nechokwadi kuramba dziripo reparation kubhadhara kuFrance;
• kuwana German zviwanikwa kuti French maindasitiri;
• kwakaderera zvinoitwa England uye US mune zvematongerwo enyika European.

nemishonga German rwakatora 8 months. Mumatsutso 1923, hurumende German apedza mari kuti pakurwisana kuwedzera French. France akaedza kukunda Germany pacharo, iro haana kuiswawo pakati urongwa nevamwe vatungamiriri venyika.

Basa basa nyanzvi kudzidza mamiriro nemari Germany

Muna November 1923, dzakawanda akagadza basa, izvo gare gare akakurukura Dawes Plan. Mabasa komisheni vakapinda nezvoupfumi nyanzvi kubva Europe, uyewo nomumwe nyanzvi vokuUnited States. The muviri mamiriro wakasikwa makomiti maviri. Wokutanga akashanda kudzorerwa German mari. The yezvinoreva rechipiri weboka kwaisanganisira kutsvaka queries kudzoka mikana munyika guru, pacharo kwose. mari iyi yaigona musoro nokumutswa upfumi, nekuti chete pakukura Germany zvoupfumi aigona kupa yokugadzirisa.

Development uye kuitwa of Entente nzira

January 14, 1924 muLondon, akazarura musangano komiti nenyanzvi. Iye akananga nyanzvi vemunharaunda American gweta Charles Dawes. Asati asapinda Komiti mazuva mashoma boka mari ruzivo wakaitirwa Germany kuti kudzidza mufananidzo chaiye ufanane upfumi. Pahwaro humboo vakawana pokuikurukura mushumo chakarairwa pachena pamusangano muLondon.

Kana isu kutaura pamusoro Dawes Plan In pfupi, iye rwakapedza dambudziko kudzorera solvency hwenyika German nokuda kwokuripirwa yokugadzirisa. Nemamiriro akaudzwa muzvikamu zvitatu. Pakutanga pfungwa yakanga kuti kugadziriswa - ndiko chete chikwereti kwokunze Germany Western vadiwa, kwete nzira chirango nokuda nematambudziko kuti Entente nyika vatambure mumazuva hondo.

Dawes Hurongwa akadana urongwa kutenda German apore iri uwandu mamiriyoni 800 zvinoratidza zvoupfumi. Musiyano mukuru pakati ichi chikwereti kubva iyezvino zvirongwa co-nokukwereta kunyika pamwe IMF aiva kuti Germany vakapfuura rinokosha mutero vezviitiko kukwanisa kudzora bhajeti. Uyewo, Company akasika chaiyo, iyo aired mu basa pechiteshi maitiro muGermany kwemakore 40. Kutaura zvazviri, kuzvidzora pamusoro inokosha nzvimbo wakapfuurira private maoko. Kudzora mari ehurumende uyewo akarasika nekuti kodzero kudhinda mari akapiwa zvikuru yakasimbiswa pamahombekombe, yaiva pasi omubatanidzwa kuzvidzora. Dawes Plan zvakare anogadza hombe mutero pamusoro vakawanda. Vanonyanya kupa paumbwe reparative mari vaiva voga makambani zveminda uye nehurumende bhajeti.

Zvakazokonzerwa omubatanidzwa itsika

Kuitwa pakati Dawes Plan aiva akanaka uye zvakaipa kuti nyika dzokuEurope. Aitwa kubudirira:

• kudzikamisa zvoupfumi ezvinhu Germany;
• kutangazve reparation kubhadhara.

Negative pfungwa:

• impoverishment vokuparidzira;
• pakatanga vaomerwe mitero kuti vagari zvakakonzera kuwedzera padanho pemitongo moods munyika;
• kuuya simba muna 1933, veboka kwevaNazi uye Adolf Hitler.