Chinyakare Economy

The Tsika Upfumi mumwe mhando upfumi gadziriro ose kurima. The Tsika upfumi rakasiyana nemamwe munzira upenyu hwenyika kuitira kuti muitiro kushandiswa zvinhu havatsananguri tsika.

Nokuti nyika vane upfumi vava tsika, unhu nokuvapo enguva kurima, kwakavakirwa zvakasiyana siyana ukama yacho. Kazhinji zvakadaro nzira zvaiita muridzi iri kuramba, iyo inozivikanwa dzinongoitika-evanhu chimiro management.

The Tsika upfumi asi ichi presupposes kuvapo duku private pfuma, iyo kazhinji anoita sezvo hwaro zvakasikwa uye kukura madiki kugadzirwa (inomiririra mhizha uye mapurazi).

Zvisarudzo Major mune zvetsika upfumi anogona kutorwa nenzira dzakasiyana. Izvi kuchinjwa mhando aivapo upfumi murayiro. Dzinongoitika ezvinhu, zvaiita nzira wokugamuchirwa mikuru sarudzo zvoupfumi chinoitirwa boka duku vechikamu munzanga (Council Revakuru), kana musoro wemhuri. Kana ari nyanzvi dzokugadzira uye vanhuwo zvavo, izvi zvavakasarudza kuita voga.

Traditional dzezvoupfumi ane zvakasiyana havi levers kuti adzinge upfumi. nzira Natural-zvaiita upenyu, kunyanya nayo incentives zvemari mune rusarura basa ukama. nechokuita kudikanwa kundosangana zvinokosha muupenyu.

Munguva yacho predominance ose madiki Kugadzirwa incentives nyasha zvoupfumi levers: yemuraudzo. Chokwadi, vakapiwa kuti upfumi kunobva pachake basa vechikamu, kukura mari kwakadaro hakusi yakakwirira chaizvo.

The Tsika upfumi pazvikanganiso neshure ano, basa remaoko, zvokurima kugadzirwa. The Kuvapo hwakagadzwa tsika kuchititadzisa kushandisa rakawedzera ruzivo uye kuparadzirwa mashoko akanaka.

Kazhinji, izvi zvinogona kuzivikanwa somunhu underdeveloped upfumi, ndakagara, mira hurongwa. Nhasi, pasisina nyika munyika, vari kurima mu evasingatombonamati dzinongoitika chimiro. Zvinenge zvose National zvoupfumi akatotanga akapinda pamusika ukama.

Panguva iyoyo nhasi zvakasiyana chikamu chinokosha vepasi anogara ezvinhu okukura zvoupfumi ukama, izvo okuti inozivikanwa "Sub-upfumi." Chokutanga, tiri kutaura pamusoro nyika nyika rechitatu. Mumwe satellites idzi hurongwa murombo. Huripo upfumi pfungwa iri vashoma.

The Tsika upfumi haagoni kunyange kuva mukuru mari uye kushanda kuburikidza ita mutengano.

Centralized upfumi neKomisheni vehurumende, pahwaro mugwaro zvirongwa uye zvirongwa, rakananga hierarchical kuzviisa pasi repasi kusvikira miviri yakakwirira, pamwe mamiriro varidzi zvose zvokurarama kugadzirwa.

upfumi Russian Modern kunoratidzwa kuva noukama hwepedyo nedanho inotungamirwa yematemu itsva bhuku management, kuchinja kubva centralized upfumi pamusika. Pamberi kuchinja mu Russia mugove wehurumende pfuma chakaita kuti vanenge 90% okuwana yesangano uye vanenge 80% basa iri upfumi.

Muboka revatungamiriri uye nevhu rakawandisa, mamiriro mutemo mitengo zvakatungamirira vasanyanye zvoupfumi incentives kushanda uye kazhinji seiyi muzvigadzirwa mberi. Izvi zvakakonzera kuti vashandure 90-ies, umo hurumende varidzi vakatanga zvishoma nezvishoma kuyambukira oga maoko.

Pari, upfumi Russian kwave kuchiita shanduko yakadai nokukurira nationalization hwenyika, zvakagadzira ukama yemakwikwi pamisika, musika kwezvivako ari kuwana ndichibvunza kukura.