Potassium iodide

potassium iodide (Madz) iri munyu hydriodic acid. In nechitarisiko chiri yakasimba Hauoneki crystalline fuma aine kuutio serin'i crystals. Potassium iodide mu dzedenga kudziyisa kana kuona chiedza yellowing nokuda okisijeni oxidation pamusoro ayodhini ions kune zvokuvamba ayodhini. With kuwedzera tembiricha iri solubility of munyu mumvura inowedzerawo. Muna 100 g mvura yakanga ichiputswa 128 g munyu pa 0 ° C, 145 d pa 20 ° C, 176 d pa 60 ° C, 209 d pa 100 ° C. The matadza guru mukomboni pakati 166,00277 g / mol. The refractive indekisi iri 1,667. Density 3.13 g / cm³. Utsotso pfungwa 686 ° C. The Kubika pfungwa 1330 ° C. Potassium Iodide zvishoma hygroscopic (absorbs mvura nyore zvishoma) pane pamwe yavaibvisa iodide, saka zviri nyore kushanda.

Potassium iodide chinhu munyoro achidzikisa mumiriri, zviri nyore oxidized nokuda kuiisa chlorine: 2Ki + Cl2 → 2KCl + I2. Zvinonzi akaita pamwe ayodhini, nokudaro achiumba Lugol mhinduro: Ki + I2 → KI3. The potassium munyu hydriodic asidhi zvinogona wakagadzirwa zvakaitwa ayodhini pamwe potassium hydroxide 6KOH + 3I2 = 5KI + KIO3 + 3H2O rutapudzo kana potassium iodate kabhoni 2KIO3 + 3C = 2Mad + 3CO2. The yeyero Ruvara munyu apera inotaridza oxidation pakati iodide kuti ayodhini maererano maitiro mukana wokuti vanhu vanga: 4KI + 2CO2 + O2 → 2K2CO3 + 2I2.

Zvakasikwa, ayodhini aripo kwose kwose, asi isingawanzowanikwi Kufananidzira, kubva kugutsikana yaro zvose zvakasikwa zvinyorwa zviri kunyora nezvavo. Kufanana nevamwe halogens, dzinoratidzwa yakakwirira reactivity, unowanikwa kazhinji muchimiro yeimwe, kureva, iodides ose alkali nesimbi yavaibvisa uye potassium, asi (kusiyana nemamwe halogen) Uyewo muchimiro iodates, zvazvichanyungudutswa mvura. Zvisinei, haana riripo sezvo senitrogen iodide (IN3), sezvo kusagadzikana chaizvo uye nokukurumidza akafumuka ane Nokufema kubatana. In yomugungwa mvura kana kubva pachivande mabhuku iodides uye iodates raiva anenge zvakaenzana mari. Sezvo potassium iodide ari soluble nemvura, asi ayodhini ions varipo mugungwa, zvomumvura algae uye hove zvomumvura. Seafood ndiko kwainyanya kwevanhu yaunodya kuti ayodhini, sezvo ane kakawanda ayodhini yeimwe kupfuura zvipenyu vagere munyika. Chinhu chikuru mbishi mashoko maindasitiri kugadzirwa ayodhini vari mvura kuchera kana mamwe algae.

Potassium iodide huri kuchera mvura inoshandiswa indasitiri kubereka ayodhini: Ki + Cl2 → KCl2 + I2. Uyewo, rinoshandiswa nevakawanda seinokonzera iodide ions. In Analytical wekemisitiri, potassium iodide rinoshandiswa kuti redox iodometric titration. Paper, wetted pamwe kugadzirisa munyu uye starch, inobatsira kuziva qualitatively kuvapo kuiisa chlorine, ozone kana zvimwe oxidants, pamberi ayodhini iro dzinounzwa kwetunhu uye starch zvemapuranga papepa kwaanoda mutema. Rinoshandiswa sezvokudya chirungiso iri mhuka dyisa uye zvokudya kwevanhu, mune diki zvakawanda, endemic kuti kukura muzvidzivirire (awanda thyroid gland) zvirwere, anowanzoshandurwa kuwanikwa dzinoverengeka tsaukana nzvimbo nokuda dzinongoitika kushayiwa ayodhini, potassium iodide, pamwe potassium iodate, inowedzerwa zvakafanana munyu. The nokudaro akawana chikafu chigadzirwa anonzi iodized munyu. The garandi okuchengetera nguva imwe munyu akadaro shoma, nekuti pamusoro nguva, pasi pokudzora ane nekumwisa okisijeni uye carbon dioxide, Madz zvishoma nezvishoma oxidized kuti simbi carbonate uye zvokuvamba ayodhini, iri iyo zvino Ipwa.

In mushonga, potassium iodide rinoshandiswa senzira medicament. Potassium iodide inowanika zvakasiyana chipimo chemushonga siyana: pamahwendefa, nemumuromo mhinduro, firimu zvemapuranga pamahwendefa, Madonhwe ziso, chewable mahwendefa. Mishonga ripa ayodhini dhefisiti mumuviri, vane antithyroid (thyroid tunodzivisa biosynthesis pamusoro mahormone), mucolytic (liquefied zvemapapu sputum uye kufambisa goho rayo), expectorant, Anti-fungal, kuchipedza, radioprotective (kunodzivirira thyroid nemwaranzi uye chinonditadzisa Absorção de Água kwayo radioiodine ) zvazviri. WHO Inokurudzirwa chipimo chemushonga pakuparwa yedambudziko dzinobatanidza radioactive ayodhini anoenderana nezera uye ndiko:

• nokuti vanhu makore 12 - 130 MG pazuva;
• kubva 3 kusvika 12 makore - 65 MG pazuva;
• makore 1 kusvika 36 mwedzi - 32 MG pazuva;
• vana pasi pemakore 1 mwedzi - 16 MG pazuva.

WHO hariudzi kuti kudzivirira potassium iodide kune vanhu vakura kupfuura makore 40.