Chii chinonzi biochemistry? Chii chinonzi biochemistry chinodzidza

Chii chinonzi biochemistry? Zvisikwa zvipenyu kana zvepanyama biochemistry ndeye sayenzi yemakemikari inoitwa iyo inotungamirira basa rinokosha rehupenyu uye izvo zvinoitika mukati memusero. Chinangwa chebiochemistry (izwi racho rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rokuti "bios" - "upenyu") seyainzi ndiko kuongorora kwemakemikari, chimiro nekugadzirisa kwemasero emasero, mararamiro uye nzira dzekuraira kwayo, iyo nzira yekugonesa kwemaitiro kune maitiro mukati memasero.

Chiremba biochemistry: icho chinokosha uye zvinangwa zvesainzi

Chiremba biochemistry - chii ichocho? Ichi chikamu chemakemikari, izvo zvinodzidza makemikari yemasero emumuviri wemunhu, metabolism mukati maro (kusanganisira mararamiro ezvinhu). Mushure mezvose, chirwere chipi nechipi, kunyange munguva yekudzivirira, hazvizoperi zvachose kusiya zvayo pamakemikari zvinoshandiswa mumasero, izvo zvinyorwa zvemamolekoro, izvo zvicharatidzwa mumigumisiro yekuongorora kwehupenyu hwehupenyu. Pasina ruzivo rwezvinyorwa zvehupenyu, hazvibviri kuwana chikonzero chekusimudzirwa kwechirwere uye nzira yekubatsira kwayo kurapa.

Biochemical blood test

Chii chiri kuongorora "ropa biochemistry"? Biochemical blood test ndiyo imwe yenzira dze laboratori kuongororwa munzvimbo dzakawanda dzemishonga (semuenzaniso, endocrinology, therapy, gynecology). Inobatsira kunyatsonzwisisa chirwere uye kuongorora sveropa reropa nemaitiro akadaro:

- alanine aminotransferase (ALT, ALT);

- cholesterol kana cholesterol;

- bilirubin;

Urea;

- alpha-amylase, pancreatic amylase, diastase;

- Glucose, lipase;

- aspartate aminotransferase (AST, ASAT);

- gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), gamma GT (glutamyltranspeptidase);

- Creatinine, protein;

- ma antibodies kune HIV Epstein-Barr.

Zvakakosha kune hutano hwevanhu vose kuziva kuti ropa rei biochemistry nderei, uye kunzwisisa kuti zviratidzo zvaro hazvizopi zvese zvinopa ruzivo rwehutano hwakanaka, asiwo rubatsiro kudzivirira chirwere. Kusiyanisa kubva kuzviratidzo zvinowanzova chiratidzo chekutanga chokuti chimwe chinhu chakaipa mumuviri.

Biochemical blood test for chiver examination: importance and goals

Mukuwedzera, kuongororwa kwehupenyu hwepanyama kuchabvumira kutarisa kusimba kwechirwere uye migumisiro yekurapa, kugadzira mufananidzo wakazara we metabolism, micronutrient kukanganisika mubasa remuviri. Somuenzaniso, chiropa chinonzi biochemistry chichava chikonzero chekuongorora vanhu vane chiropa kuvhiringidzika. Chii ichi? Iri ndiro zita rehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwehupenyu hwekuongorora kwehuwandu uye hwehutachiona hwechiropa. Kana kusanganisa kwavo kuchivhiringidzika, ipapo mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro anokanganisa kukura kwezvirwere, kupisa zvinokonzera.

Kunyatsozivikanwa kwechiropa chinonzi biochemistry

Biochemistry yechiropa - chii ichocho? Chiropa chomunhu chinosanganisira mvura, mapuroteni, enzymes, lipids, glycogen. Maitiro acho ane minerals: mhangura, simbi, nickel, manganese, saka chidzidzo chezvechimirochemical chechiropa chinokanganisa uye chinonyatsoshanda. Inonyanya kukosha emidzimu muropa ndeye glucokinase, hexokinase. Inonyanya kukosha kuongororwa kwezvinyorwa zvechimiro ndeyechiropa chechiropa: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (APF). Sezvo mutemo, chidzidzo chinonyanya kufunga nezvezviratidzo zvezvinhu izvi.

Kuti zvive zvakakwana uye zvakabudirira kuongororwa kwehutano hwavo, munhu wose anofanira kuziva kuti "kuongororwa kwezvinhu zvipenyu" ndei.

Nzvimbo dzekudzidza nezvehupenyu hwehupenyu uye kukosha kwekutsanangura kwakarurama kwekutsvaga kuwanikwa

Chii chinonzi biochemistry chinodzidza? Chokutanga pane zvose, nzira dze metabolism, maikemikemu emukati, kemikemikari uye basa re enzyme, mavitamini, acid. Ropa rega rega rinogona kuongororwa nemiganhu iyo chete kana kuongorora kwakanyatsogadziriswa. Kana zvinhu zvose zvakanaka, ropa rinotarisa zviyero zvakasiyana-siyana (glucose level, protein, enzyme yeropa) hazvifaniri kutendeuka kubva pachimiro. Kana zvisina kudaro, inofanira kuonekwa sechiratidzo pamusoro pokuputsa kwemuviri.

Kugadziriswa kwezvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa

Ndingarondedzera sei nhamba yacho mukutsvaga mhinduro? Pasi apa pane zvinyorwa zvekuongororwa kweropa biochemistry nezvikwangwani zvikuru.

Glucose

Nhamba yeglucose inoratidza hutano hweakaginihydrate metabolism. Muganhu wacho haufaniri kudarika 5.5 mmol / l. Kana iyo yakaderera, ipapo izvi zvingaratidza chirwere cheshuga, zvirwere zvekupedzisira, zvirwere zveropa. Kuwedzera kwejikusi kunogona kunge kwakakonzerwa nechirwere cheshuga, kushanda mumuviri, mishonga yemadhimoni.

Protein

Chimiro chepuroteni chinyorwa muropa chiri 65-85 g / l. Chigumisiro chepasi chinoratidza kukanganisa kwetsvo, chiropa, zvirwere zvisingaperi, kudya kwakashata, nekushaya mvura. Nhamba yakakwirira yemapuroteni inoratidza chiratidzo chekuvhiringidza.

Cholesterol

Chimiro che cholesterol inopa muropa is 2.97-8.79 mmol / l. Nharaunda yaro kunyange mumunhu ane hutano inobva pane zvepabonde, zera, kuita basa, dzimwe nguva nguva yegore. High cholesterol zviratidzo pamusoro pekugona kushaya atherosclerosis yemidziyo yeropa, zvirwere zvemoyo.

Urea

Iri ndiro zita rekupedzisira kwekuparara kwemapuroteni. Mumunhu ane hutano, inofanira kunge yakanyanyiswa zvachose kubva mumuviri nemuyo. Kana izvi zvisingaitiki, uye zvinopinda muropa, saka iwe unofanirwa kuongorora itsvo.

Hemoglobin

Iyo iprotheni ye erythrocyte inogutsa masero emumuviri ane oxygen. Norm: kuvanhu - 130-160 g / l, nekuda kwevasikana - 120-150 g / l. Nhamba yakaderera ye hemoglobin muropa inoonekwa seimwe yezviratidzo zvekukura kwemaemia.

Biochemical blood test for blood enzyme (AlAT, Asat, CK, amylase)

Maitiro ezvakabatanidzwa anoshanda zvakakwana zveropa, mwoyo, itsvo, pancreas. Pasina chikamu chakanaka, shanduro yakakwana ye amino acids haigoneki.

Chimiro chekunyengedzera kwechiropa chechilonda che alanine aminotransferase (ALAT, ALT) ine zviyamu 41 / l zvevarume, kusvika pamasero 31 / litre yevakadzi. Kuwedzera kwehuwandu kunoratidza kusashanda kwemwoyo, chiropa, zvichida, viral hepatitis.

Nhamba ye aspartate aminotransferase ( AST , AST - enzyme yemwoyo, tsvete, chiropa) haifaniri kuva yakakwirira kupfuura 41 ne 31 U / L yevarume nevakadzi, maererano. Kana zvisina kudaro, inogona kuratidza kukura kwehepatitis, chirwere chemwoyo.

Lipase (enzyme inoputsa mafuta) inotora basa rinokosha mumetabolism uye haifaniri kudarika kukosha kwemakiromita 190 / litita. Kuwedzera kwemazinga kunoratidza kutyora kwepascreas.

Izvo zvakaoma kurondedzera kukosha kwekuongorora kwehupenyu hwemakemikari eropa. Chii chinonzi biochemistry uye chinotsvakurudza chii, munhu wose anotarisira nezvehutano hwake anofanira kuziva.

Amylase

Iyi enzyme inowanikwa mune pancreas uye mumata. Iye ndiye anokonzera kuparara kwemakhahydrates uye kushandiswa kwavo. Izvo zvinowanzoita masendiki 28-100 / litita. Izvo zvakakosha muropa zvinogona kuratidza kukanganisa kwechirwere, cholecystitis, chirwere cheshuga mellitus, peritonitis.

Migumisiro yechiochemical blood test yakanyorwa muhuwandu hunokosha, iyo mazinga ezvinhu zvinoratidzwa. Kazhinji, kuongororwa uku kunorayirirwa sechinhu chinowedzera kuti tsananguro inonzi kurapwa. Kana uchinzwisisa migumisiro yeropa biochemistry, funga kuti ivo vanobatwawo nehutano hwomurwere, wezera rake uye mararamiro ake. Iyezvino iwe unoziva chii chiri kudzidza biochemistry uye kuti ungadudzira sei mhinduro dzayo zvakarurama.

Ndezvipi zvakanyatsogadzirirwa kugadzirira kupa ropa kwezvinhu zvipenyu?

Sezvo mutemo, biochemistry yeropa inokurudzirwa kutorwa, kana vanachiremba vachifungidzira kuvapo:

- zvirwere zvakanyanya zvenhengo dzomukati;

- kudhakwa;

- kushaya mavitamini;

- kuputira zvirongwa;

- nekudzivirira zvirwere, panguva yekuzvitakura;

- kujekesa kuongororwa.

Ropa rekuongororwa rinotorwa mangwanani-ngwanani, uye vasati vasvika kuna chiremba hapana. Kana zvisina kudaro, mhinduro dzekuongorora dzichasvibiswa. Kutsvakurudza kwezvinhu zvepanyama kucharatidza kuti yakakwana sei metabolism yako uye muto mumuviri. Mukuwedzera, rega kunwa waini yakanaka, kofi, mukaka, nguva inenge awa kana maviri isati yasvika ropa.

Iva nechokwadi chekupindura mubvunzo wako pamusoro pekuti chii chinonzi biochemistry, usati wapedza kuongorora. Kuziva kushanda uye kukosha kwayo kuchakubatsira kuti uongorore zvakakwana mararamiro ehutano uye uve nekodzero munhau dzezvehutano.

Vanotora ropa sei kwezvinhu zvipenyu?

Nzira yacho hairegi kwenguva yakareba uye inenge isina kurwadza. Kune munhu ari munzvimbo yakagara (dzimwe nguva vanotaura vachirara pamubhedha), mushonga unotora ropa kubva mumutsipa, wakamboshandisa shanduro. Nzvimbo yejojo iyo inofanira kurapwa neine antiseptic. Semuenzaniso inotorwa inowanikwa muhutera isina kutumirwa uye inotumirwa ku laboratory kuti iongororwe.

Kudzora pamusoro pehutano hwekutsvakurudza kwezvinhu zvipenyu kunowanikwa mumatanho akawanda:

- preanalytical (kugadzirira murwere, kutora kuongorora, kutakura kuenda ku laboratory);

- kuongorora (kugadzirisa uye kuchengetedza biomaterial, dosing, reaction, analysis of the result);

- post-analysis (kuzadza fomu nemugumisiro, laboratory-clinical analysis, kutumira kuna chiremba).

Unhu hwechigumisiro chezvinyorwa zvehupenyu hunoenderana nekukodzera kwenzira yakasarudzwa yekutsvakurudza, ruzivo rwevashandi ve laboratori, kunyatsoratidzwa kwezviyero, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi, kuchena kwezvakagadziriswa, uye kuchengetwa kwezvokudya.

Biochemistry for hair

Chii chinonzi biochemistry chebvudzi? Biovanivka inzira yerefu yakashongedza curls. Misiyano iri pakati pemazuva ose emakemikari wave uye biocasting ndiyo mazano. Muchikamu chekupedzisira, usashandisa hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, thioglycolic acid. Basa rebasa rinoshandiswa rinoshandiswa nemufananidzo we cystine (biological protein). Yakanga iri kubva pano iyo zita rekugadzirwa kwebvudzi rakaitwa.

Hazvina mubvunzo kuti zvinobatsira zvinogona kunzi:

- runyoro runyoro pane zvakagadzirwa nevhudzi;

- mutsara wakashambidzwa pakati pevakuru-vhudzi nevhudzi rakagadzirirwa bio-tweaking;

- iyo nzira inogona kudzokororwa pasina kumirira kukanganisa kwokupedzisira kwaro.

Asi tisati taenda kuna tenzi, mavarai anotevera anofanira kuonekwa:

- teknolojia ye bio-waving inenge yakaoma, uye zvakakosha kuswedera zvakanyatsoenderana nesarudzo ye tenzi;

- mhedzisiro inogara kwenguva pfupi, inenge mwedzi 1-4 (zvikurukuru nevhudzi risina kuiswa pasi, kusvibisa, rine chimiro chakaoma);

- Bioclaving haisati yasvibiswa (inenge yevheta 1500-3500).

Nzira dzeBhiochemistry

Chii chinonzi biochemistry uye ndeapi nzira dzinoshandiswa pakutsvakurudza? Chisarudzo chavo chinoenderana nechinangwa chavo uye mabasa akapiwa nachiremba. Izvo zvakagadzirirwa kudzidza chimiro chemasikirini esero, kuongorora samuenzaniso kuitira zvingangodarika kukanganisa kubva pachimiro uye nokudaro kubetsera kuongorora chirwere chacho, dzidza matanho ekudzosa, nezvimwewo.

1. Chromatography (iyo nzira inosanganisira kugoverwa kwezvinhu pakati pezvikamu zviviri: mobile uye zvigaro).
2. Centrifugation (iyo biomaterial inowanikwa mune imwe centrifuge chaiyo yekuparadzanisa plasma kubva mumasero matsvuku eropa).
3. Electrophoresis (iyo nzira inobvumira kugovana kweropa serumine protein).
4. Kutsunga kweproteine yose mu seramu kubva ku biuret reaction (mapuroteni anogadziriswa ne-complex compound, inoita kuti kuedza zvinhu zvive mu violet).
5. Enzymatic (urease) nzira dzekusarudza kweurea (anreasease enzyme inoshandiswa seyakagadzirisa). Icho chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti pasi pesimba rekucheka, urea inoparadzaniswa kuti iwane ammonia, uye ipapo mushandi webasa anoverenga kuiswa kwayo.
6. Kuongorora inhibitory (kushandisa enzyme, somuenzaniso, superoxide dismutase (SOD) inokurumidza kuita maitiro emakemikisi eokisijeni ine electron isina kubvumira, iyo inobvumira kudzidza kushandiswa kwemasikirini emasero uye majekiseni akawanda muropa).

Biochemistry imwe yemimwe miedzo inobatsira yekujekesa, kuongororwa, kuongorora kurapwa, kugadzirisa kurapwa kwakagadzirwa zvakanaka.