Electrophoresis yeropa serum uye urine. Electrophoresis ye-serum protein: chimiro, kuongorora

Plasma yeropa revanhu ine zvakawanda zvine mapuroteni. Izvo zvakasiyana mukugadzirwa kwavo, chimiro nekufamba mune imwe svikiro inotungamirira magetsi ikozvino. Ichi ndicho chikonzero chekuparadzanisa kweproteine yose, iyo inowanikwa munzvimbo ye plasma, kune zvakasiyana-siyana zveprotein fractions. Pakuita electrophoresis yeropa serum, chiyero chehuwandu hwezvikamu zveproteiniti uye zvivako zvinotsanangurwa. Izvi zvakakosha kuziva kana munhu ane zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvirwere, zvakadai sezvirwere kana oncology. Ndiyo electrophoresis yeprotini yeprotini iyo inokosha zvikuru mukucherechedza zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana.

Icho chinokosha cheyo nzira

Nokuda kwekucheneswa kwemapuroteni e-fractions, serum electrophoresis inoshandiswa, iyo inowanikwa pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvepuroteni inowanikwa mumagetsi emagetsi. Iyi nzira yekutsvaga yakajeka uye inoyevedza, kusiyana nehuwandu huwandu hwekuongorora ropa. Asi munyaya iyi, electrophoresis inongoratidzira huwandu hwomumwe mushonga weprotini, chimiro uye chidimbu chechirwere chetachiona nenzira yakawanda. Kuongororwa kwezvinoitwa tsvakurudzo kunobvumira nyanzvi dzezvehutano kuziva kuti zviyero zvipi zveproteine zvikamu zvinowanikwa mumutumbi wemunhu uye kusarudza humwe hutano hwehutano mune imwe chirwere.

Zvinyorwa zveprotein fractions

Zvizhinji zvezvakakosha zvehupenyu hwemunhu, kana ropa, zvinoumba mapuroteni. Muhuwandu hwehuwandu hwavo hunowanikwa mune 60-80 g / l. Kuti uwane kuongororwa kwakarurama, serum electrophoresis inoitwa pamapepa. Ichi chidzidzo ndiyo nzira yakajairika yekuongorora. Iyo huru yepakati inokosha mapepa mapepa. Chikamu chayo chikuru chinonyanya kukosha. Mapepa akadaro anogona kunwa mvura kupfuura inorema yayo kusvika 130-200 nguva. Zvichienderana nemidziyo yakashandiswa, electrophoresis pamapepa inotora maawa 4-16. Pane kugovana kweprotheni zvivako. Zvadaro, mapepa emapepa anobatwa nepependi yakakosha yekuongororwa. Iyi nzira ndiyo inonyanya kukosha mubasa reraatro laboratories. Pamusana pemigumisiro yemagetsi emagetsi, mapuroteni majekesti anotambiswa zvisina kunaka achienda kune zvakakosha electrode yakasara. Pamusana peizvi, mapuroteni ezvikamu zveropa anorashirwa muzvikamu zvishanu zvinozivikanwa:

• Albumins;
• Α1-globulin;
• Α2-globulin;
• Β - globulin;
• Γ-globulin.

Albumins inopomerwa zvakaipa, ine duku shoma inorema kana ichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvikamu. Nokuda kweizvi, kukurumidza kwekufamba kwavo kwakakwirira kudarika kune dzimwe zvikamu, uye vari kure nekubva panzvimbo yekutanga. Mazana matatu okutanga zvikamu zve globulin zvinofamba pamutengo wakaderera nekuda kwehuwandu hwavo. Asi chiduku chiduku chakanyorwa muyγ-globulins. Aya mapuroteni ane mashoma makuru uye makuru, akaenzana nevamwe, zviyero. Mhosva yavo inenge isingatauriri, saka puroteni iyi chikamu haisi kuchinja kubva pakatanga mutsara.

Unoda kushandisa

Parizvino, serum electrophoresis inowanzoitwa kuitira kuti kuongororwa kwechokwadi kuongororwa. Kuongorora uku kunogona kusarudza vose ma-thrape, saka vanachiremba vane pfupi purogiramu. Zviratidzo zvemufambiro wekutsvakurudza zvichave:

• Various inflammations;
• Zvirwere zvisingaperi;
• Zviratidzo zvechirwere muhutano hunobatanidza;
• Internal bleeding;
• Malignant neoplasms.

Kugadzirira kuongorora

Kuti zviitiko zvezviongororwa zvakarongeka zvive zvakarurama, kana maawa masere vasati vapa ropa, zvinodiwa kukaramba kutora zvokudya. Mukuwedzera, zvakakosha kurongedza kudya kwemishonga, kana iripo, nechiremba anoenda.

Ropa sampuli

Kuti zviitiko zvirege kuongororwa nekukanganisa, zvakakosha kuderedza kukwanisa kweropa rekugadzirisa kusarudza puroteni chikamu uye mapuroteni ose. Serum electrophoresis inonyatsoitwa, sezvo kune mukana wekukanganisa kwemigumisiro yakawanikwa nekuda kwe fibrinogen. Anokwanisa kuvhara mapuroteni asina kukodzera kana kuvhiringidzwa navo.

Kazhinji tsika

Muzuva rimwe mushure mokunge sampu inotumirwa, kuongorora kwe electrophoresis ye serumini yepuroteni ichave yakagadzirira. Chimiro chezvipo zvinogamuchirwa nezvikamu zvevanhu vakuru:

1. Puroteni yose ndeye 63-82 g / l.
2. Albumins - 40-60% yehuwandu hwezvikamu.
3. Α1-globulins - 2-5%.
4. Α ₂ -globulins - 7-13%.
5. Β-globulins - 8-15%
6. Γ-globulins - 12-22%.

Chido chekuongororwa

Kuchinja kwehuwandu hwepuroteni chero ipi zvayo muchero mukuru kana muduku kunogona kuratidza kukura kwehumwe hutano. Kuti uwane ruzivo rwakavimbika pamusoro peizvi, electrophoresis ye serum protini inokosha. Kugadzirisa migumisiro ichaita kuti zvive nyore kune vashandi vezvokurapa kuti vaongorore uye vasarudze kurapwa.

Kuwedzera mu albumin

Pakutanga, apo kuongorora mhinduro yakawanikwa, kuwanda kwe albumin kunogadziriswa. Kuwedzerwa kwechikamu ichi kunogona kuratidza kushaya mvura. Izvi zvinogona kuitika kana murwere akawedzera kushambidza kana kusakanganiswa mune chirongwa chekudya. Uyewo, kuwedzera kwe albumin kunoitika nekupisa kwenzvimbo huru yeganda.

Kupera kwe albumin

Zvinonyanya kuipisisa kana muviri uchideredza nhamba ye albumin, inogona kutaura pamusoro pezviitiko zvinotevera:

1. Zvipembenene zveitsvo uye chiropa.
2. Kurapa kwechikamu chepamuviri.
3. Zvirwere zvinotapukira.
4. Kushungurudzika mubasa remwoyo yematambudziko.
5. Bleeding.
6. Malignant neoplasms.
7. Sepsis.
8. Rheumatism.

Kakawanda kuderera kwehuwandu hweAlubinsin kunogonawo kuva:

1. Pamangwana amai.
2. Apo nhamba yemishonga inodarika.
3. Nefivha yakareba.
4. Iva nevhumi zvakanyanya.

Kuchinja kwechiverengero che α1-globulins

Kupera kwechiverengero che -1-globulins kunoonekwa musipo kwe α ₁ -antitrypsin. Kuwedzera kunoonekwa nekuwedzerwa kwekuputika mumuviri, kuputsa kwebasa rechiropa, uye kuora kwemavara.

Kuderedza kwe α2-globulins

Iyo yakanyoreswa nechirwere cheshuga mellitus, kuvhiringidza zvirongwa mupascreas, mumucheche anochecheche ane jaundice, ane hepatitis inotapisa. Icho chinopupurirawo chisina kururama, chisina kunaka.

Kuwedzera kwe α2-globulins

Inoitika mukuvapo kwezvirwere zvinotevera:

1. Kuvhiringidza, kunyanya nekuvapo kwe purulent exudate (pneumonia nedzimwe nzira kuburikidza nekuvapo kwepus).
2. Kushungurudzika kwemashoko anobatana (semuenzaniso, rheumatism).
3. Malignant neoplasms.
4. Nguva dzekudzikinura kubva kunopisa.
5. Kukunda kwetsvo.

Mukuwedzera, izvi zvinoratidzika sehutano hwe hemolysis yeropa mumutambo wekuedza mukati mekudzidza.

Kuwedzera kwe-β-globulins

Inoratidzira ne hyperlipoproteinemia (kuwedzera munhamba ye lipids muropa), chiropa uye zvinetso zvepere. Inogona kuonekwa neine chironda chemuviri chakavhurika, pamwe ne hypothyroidism (kuputika kwetachiona gland). Kuderedza kwechikamu chacho kwakanyorwa ne hypobetalipoproteinemia (kuwedzera mune chikamu cheropa chebhetapoprotein).

Kuchinja mu fraction ye-γ-globulin

Chikamu ichi chinosanganisira immunoglobulins. Nokudaro, kuwedzera kweyy-globulins yakanyorwa mukukundikana kwekuzvidzivirira. Kazhinji izvi zvinowanikwa nehutachiona hwakasiyana-siyana, kubudirira kwekuvhiringidza, kushanduka mumatumbu uye kupisa zvipembenene. Kukura kwe γ-globulin kunoonekwa kune varwere vane chirwere chisingaperi chehepatitis. Pamwe mumufananidzo iwoyo unofanirwa kuve nechirwere chechiropa. Nezvirwere zvakanyanya zvechirwere ichi, chiyero chepuroteni chikamu che γ-globulins chakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura indexin albumin. Mune zvimwe zvirwere, pangave nokukundikana mukuumbwa kwe γ-globulins, uye kukurudzirwa kwemapuroteni akachinjwa muropa - paraproteins - inoitika. Kujekesa chimiro chekugadzirwa uku, kumwe kuongorora kunoitwa - immunoelectrophoresis. Mufananidzo wakadaro unowanzoenderana nehutachiwana hwemaeloma uye Waldenstrom pathology.

Kuwedzera kwenhamba yejy-globulin inobatanidzwawo mune zvinotevera:

• Lupus erythematosus;
• Endothelioma;
• Rheumatoid arthritis;
• Osteosarcoma;
• Chronic chronic lymphocytic leukemia;
• Candidymymosis.

Kuderedza muhuwandu hweyγ-globulins

Kuderera kwe γ-globulin kuverengeka kunoparadzaniswa mumarudzi matatu:

1. Physiological (inowanzoitirwa vana vane makore matatu kusvika mashanu).
2. Congenital (inokura kubva panguva yekuzvarwa).
3. Idiopathic (apo chikonzero chekusimudzira hachigoni kuiswa).

Chimwe chikamu chechipiri chinonyorwa nekukura kwezvirwere izvo zvinokonzera kupera kwemasimba ezvirwere. Munguva ichangopfuura, muchiito chekurapa, kuongororwa kuri kuramba kuchiitwa kuti uone nhamba ye prealbumins. Kazhinji, chidzidzo chakadaro chinoitwa nevarwere vari mukutarisira kwakasimba.

Kupera kwechiverengero chekutanga kune chiyeuchidzo chakakosha uye chakarurama chekuona kushayikwa kwemapuroteni masimba mumuviri wemurwere. Mukuongorora kwe prealbumins, puroteni metabolism inoruramiswa kune vakadaro.

Urine electrophoresis

Nheyo yekuongororwa kwakadaro yakafanana nehutanoki hwekuita ropa serum electrophoresis. Kuzvibata kuti zvive zvakanyatsoongororwa kana kuonekwa kune dzimwe zvirwere. Mukuwedzera, kuongorora kwakadaro kunobatsira kuziva kusangana kwomurwere weproteinuria.

Mhedziso

Electrophoresis yeropa serum uye urini inzira dzinokosha mukuongororwa kwezvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopararira. Kutenda kunyanzvi yekutsvakurudza uye kunyatsorurama, vanobatsira kuziva rudzi rwehutano. Izvozvo zvakajeka ndeye nzira yakarurama yekugadzirisa kurapwa uye kugona kupora.