Chii chinokudzwa uye Chelyabinsk ari kupi pamapu eRussia?

Where is Chelyabinsk? Pamupu reRussia pane dzakawanda zvinzvimbo dzakakurumbira nemataundi akanaka. Nzvimbo yekutarisira nzvimbo yeChelyabinsk ine nzvimbo yakakodzera pakati pematunhu ekufambisa.

Ndezvipi zvakavanzika zvenhau yeguta? Chii chinonzi nzvimbo iyi yepakati inoratidzika zvino? Mibvunzo kubva kuvashanyi vanoungana munzvimbo ino nevaya vanofanira kuita bhizimisi kuenda kune rimwe guta guru remabhizimisi, zvakawanda. Kutanga, regai titarise kuti Chelyabinsk iripi pamepu yeRussia.

Geography

Chelyabinsk yakarohwa kumabvazuva kweUral Mountains. Ndiyo muvakidzani wekumaodzanyemba weEkaterinburg, kure nemakiromita anenge 200. Nzvimbo yacho inozivikanwa nevanodzidza geologists uye geographers sechirevo chemuganhu weWestern Siberia neUalals. Bhuti reLeningrad ndiro kuwirirana pakati pe "mabhiza" e "Ural" uye "Siberia" eMiass River, iyo ndiyo nzira huru yemvura yeKelyabinsk.

Guta reKeababinsk riri pamepu yeRussia, yakagadzirirwa vatyairi, inotarisa kudarika kunzvimbo yekugara yemugwagwa "Meridian", chikamu chayo ndiyo miganhu inozivikanwa yeSiberia neUrals. Guta rekumaodzanyemba-kumadokero uye kuchamhembe kweguta ndiro sosnovsky weruwa, kumabvazuva rinopera neguta re satellite reKopeisk. Mukumusoro-kumabvazuva kweChelyabinsk - Krasnoarmeysky wesuwa.

Muguta iri mupiro mukuru wemvura yekunwa - dhaka Shershnevskoe. Munharaunda kune mazamu akajeka makungwa akajeka: Kutanga, Smolino, Sineglazovo. Panharaunda yeKeababinsk kune nhova duku shomanana dzinotakura mvura yavo kuMisass. Pakati pavo pane Chernushka, Igumenka, Chikinka, Kolupaevka.

Chelyabinsk inomira panzvimbo yacho ine ruzivo rwakazara kumavirira, izvo zvishoma nezvishoma zvinosvika kumabvazuva, pedyo neguta reMiass, rinoshanduka kuva dziva rine dziva nemasango. Mabhengi ose erwizi anofukidzirwa nefupasi nguva.

Nzvimbo yeKeababinsk pamapu eRussia inoratidza kuguta kweguta munzvimbo yeEkaterinburg nguva yenguva. Nezvenguva yekuMoscow kune kuregererwa kunogara kuripo, kunoratidzwa ne MSK + 2.

Kubva kwezita racho

Panguva ino, masayendisiti haabvumi pamusoro pemitambo yezita reguta racho. Imwe shanduro inopararira kune imwe nzvimbo iyo munzvimbo yeKesabinsk yemazuva ano kwaive nekugadzirisa kwakatangwa mumutauro weChelebi, iyo iri muTurkic zvinoreva "mutungamiriri akadzidziswa". Pakati pekare-nguva pane shanduro iyo guta rine zita rayo kune nhare yakamira pamhazha, guru guru risina kudzika, iro rinoshandurirwa muchiBashkir se "Silbu". Gare gare yakaonekwa neimwe nzira iyo kusati kwaberekwa Chelyabinsk panzvimbo ino yaive mumusha weTatar Selyaba. Pano pane nheyo yezvakabva mutsara unobva kune zita rwizi, shure kwezvose, zvaive tsika dzevanhu veTurkic kudana fiefdoms dzavo.

Nhoroondo

Chelyabinsk yakatanga rini uye inomira kupi? Pamupu reRussia, guta iri rakaonekwa muna 1736 nekuda kwechisarudzo cheColonel Tevkelev kuisa nhare panzvimbo yeBashkir musha weChelyab. Kubvumirwa kwe muridzi wenyika yacho - Bashkir tarshan Shaimov yakawanikwa, iyo yakazopedzisira yakabatsira kusunungurwa kweBashkirs kubva pamitero. Nzvimbo yeguta yakapiwa Chelyabinsk mushure mehafu yezana remakore - muna 1787.

Kusvikira kuguma kwezana remakore rechigumi nemana, Chelyabinsk raiva guta rakanyarara uyezd, umo zviitiko zvepasi rose hazvina kumboitika. Panguva ino, kukurudzirwa kwepakiti yegoridhe yakatanga kuMiass River. Uye pamwe nekutsvaga kwekutsvaga kwevheti rinotakura goridhe, rutivi rwakaputirwa ne "golden fever". Chikamu chokutanga chezana remakore rechina chechina chechina chechina chechina chakasimbiswa nekukurira kwakasimba uye kuumbwa kwebhizimisi neyemhizha. Kwemakore mashomanana, nokuda kwekuvakwa kweTrans-Siberian Railway, guta racho rakatora nzvimbo inotungamira muUrials pakutengeswa kwamafuta, chingwa, tei, nyama.

Mukumazana kwezana remakore, vanhu vakawedzera zvikuru uye muna 1917 kwaiva nevanenge makumi manomwe nemakumi manomwe. Nharaunda yeKelyabinsk yakakura nechetatu. Pedyo nechiteshi chezvitima kune nzvimbo itsva. Chikoro chevakadzi, chikoro chemweya uye chechokwadi, chikoro chekutengesa chakavhurwa. The Railway Meeting Club neVanhu veNyika vakatanga kushanda. Vakanyatsoita mabasa avo, masangano, mahofisi emahofisi, mapazi emakambani ekune dzimwe nyika.

Munguva yeSoviet, Chelyabinsk iri kuva huru yekushanda neyemabhizimusi. Mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe emakore ekupedzisira, guta racho rakava nedambudziko rakaoma rezvemari. Zvizhinji zvebhizimisi zvakazobviswa, vashandi vakanga vasina kubhadhara mibairo, kusashanda kwemabasa kwakawedzerwa, uye mapurogiramu ehupfumi haana kuwana mari yakakwana.

Modernity

Kuvandudzwa kwakaitwa kwakapa mhinduro yavo: mabhizimusi emakambani emabhizimisi akatanga kushanda nesimba, mari yebhajheji yakawedzerwa, uye mari yevanhu vomunharaunda yakatanga kuwedzera. Zviwanda zvizhinji nemiti zvakashambadzira zvigadzirwa zvavo pamusika wepasi rose. Kuvakwa kwemigwagwa nekugadzirwa kwemazuva ano anotakura migwagwa yakatanga.

Nhasi guta iri ndiro nzvimbo yekutungamira yekukosha kwenharaunda nehuwandu hwevanhu vanopfuura 1100 mamiriyoni.

Nzvimbo (ona kuti Chelyabinsk iri papi reRussia) uye kutaurirana kwakakwana kwekutakura kwakamubatsira kupinda muzita remaguta makuru emabhizimisi muRussia. Muchikwata chayo masangano ndiwo mabhizimisi emametallurgy, kuvaka makemikari, kugadzira zvigadzirwa, chiedza uye zvokudya zvemabhizimusi.

MuKeababinsk, kune mazamu makuru ezvokutengeserana emakambani emarudzi ose uye ehurumende. Bhengi uye zvikwereti zvekwereti zvinoshanda. Chelyabinsk chinhu chinokosha chematunhu. Zvivako zvekambani yehotera zvakanyatsokurudzirwa muguta, izvo zvinopa vaenzi vane dzimba dzakanaka uye dzisingadhuri.