The DC rakasiyana AC uye sei kutendeutsa?

Constant Magetsi - ndiko kufamba nezvimedu pamwe vachengetwe imwe negwara. Kureva, voltage kwayo kana kuti simba (zvinoratidza tsika) zvakafanana kukosha uye kutungamirirwa. Ndizvo DC rakasiyana AC. Asi tarira zvose kuitira.

Nhoroondo chidzoke uye 'hondo dzenzvimbo "

DC razvino yaimbonzi galvanic nokuti kuti yakavhurwa somugumisiro galvanic kuita. Thomas Edison akaedza zvakaitika nayo pamwe mitsetse yemagetsi hutachiwana. Nepo gakava riri kuitwa pakati masayendisiti panyaya iyi. Ivo Aitondiitira zita "hondo dzenzvimbo". Raiva mubvunzo wekusarudza sezvo chinoumba, AC kana DC. "Fighting" akanga vakakunda kunosiyana anoona zvechigarire mabheya zvinokosha nezvinhu, vari kubva kure. Asi zvokuchinja shanduka maonero hapana dambudziko, ndizvo DC rakasiyana AC. Naizvozvo, yokupedzisira nyore uchatamisa kunyange pamusoro madaro marefu.

Sources zvakananga Magetsi

The anogona mabhatiri kana mamwe mazano, apo kunoitika nemakemikari kuita.

jenareta ichi, apo ndiro mugumisiro remagetsi induction, uye ipapo kunogadzirisika tichiregeredza yacho nemuteresi.

kunyoresa

The siyana mano DC rinoshandiswa kazhinji. Kushanda naye, somuenzaniso, vazhinji musha midziyo yemagetsi, ndiro uye motokari emagetsi. Chero magiramufomu mudziyo dzinofambiswa ne kwaibva vyrabatavayuschego zvachose.

In muindasitiri akamboona rinoshandiswa mune injini uye mabhatiri. Uye mune dzimwe nyika, izvo wakabatanidzwa pamwe mukuru-voltage simba mitsetse.

In mushonga med kugara Magetsi vakatakura Wellness.

On kuchiteshi (kutakurirwa) uye kushandisa shanduka, uye kugara marudzi.

AC

Kakawanda, zvisinei, akashandisa zita rake. Pano, Zvichakadaro kukosha uye voltage kwenguva vakapiwa nguva tiri razero. The kwakakura uye mirayiridzo iri dzichichinja, uye zvakaenzana zvikamu.

Kuti vawisire rakatumbuka ano, vakashandisa emagetsi, kunoitika panguva induction electromotive simba. Izvi zvinoitwa kushandisa magineti, kutenderera ari humburumbira (rotor) uye stator akaita ari yakamisirwa chinoumba ane ichitenderera.

The rakatumbuka kuitika inoshandiswa redhiyo, terevhizheni, foni, uye dzimwe gadziriro dzakawanda nokuti kuti ayo voltage uye anokwanisa kutendeutsa zvinenge pasina kurasikirwa simba.

Rinoshandiswa chaizvo indasitiri, uyewo okuvimba.

Zvinogona kuva chimwe chinhanho uye multiphase.

An rakatumbuka razvino, izvo dzinosiyana maererano nomutemo sinusoidal, ndiyo imwe danho. It zvichisiyana mukati imwe nguva (nguva) mu zvikuru uye mirayiridzo. AC maitikiro ndiyo nhamba nguva muzana rechipiri.

Kana yechipiri, chikuru riparadzirwe awana-danho matatu shanduro. gadziriro iyi nematunhu matatu vane chete kakawanda uye EMF vari zvava kuyaruka kubudikidza madhigirii 120. Rinoshandiswa kuti Magetsi michini, yamavira, kuvheneka.

zviitiko zvakawanda mune magetsi uye dzavo kushanda, uyewo kugara kumusoro-kakawanda rakatumbuka ano vanhu chikwereti kuti musayendisiti mukuru Nikola Tesla. Kusvikira zvino, kwete zvose mabasa ake, zvizvarwa vasara vanozivikanwa.

The DC rakasiyana AC uye ndeipi nzira yaro kubva kunobva kuna mutengi?

Saka, mumwe shanduka inonzi kuitika kuti anogona dzinosiyana mirayiridzo uye kukura kwenguva imwe nguva. Parameters kuti vari panguva imwecheteyo raFungisisa ndiye kakawanda uye voltage. In Russian rakatumbuka razvino zvokudya kune yemagetsi mhuri network vane voltage ine 220 V uye kakawanda 50 Hz. AC maitikiro - nhamba kuchinja chairo kutarira nezvimedu kechipiri negwara. Zvakaratidza kuti pa 50 Hz, izvozvo anoshandura negwara uye mashanu nguva chii DC rakasiyana AC.

Chinenge panosangana unobatanidza musha midziyo yemagetsi pasi akasiyana voltage.

Rakatumbuka razvino anotanga kufamba kwaro simba anosima, apo pane emagetsi simba kubva pazviri chinobuda chine voltage pamusoro 220 kusvika 330 KV. Dzimwe inofamba mu transformer substations, izvo pedyo kumisha, mabhizimisi uye navamwe mazano.

The kuitika substation inowira pasi voltage 10 KV. Ikoko zviri kuchinjwa kuva-danho matatu voltage kuti 380 V. Dzimwe nguva paakati ichi magetsi akasvetuka zvakananga zvinhu (iyo yakarongwa firimu simba). Asi kunyanya, yakanga vazodzikisa kune zvatinosiita pazvinhu zvose dzimba 220 V.

kushandurwa

Zviri pachena kuti nehoro tine AC. Asi kazhinji kuti midziyo yemagetsi inoda zvachose dzokugara. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, dzinokosha rectifiers. Muitiro ine zvinotevera:

• unobva zambuko diodes mana anodiwa vachikwanisa;
• dzinobvisa capacitor kubatana kana goho kubva zambuko;
• kubatanidza voltage regulators kuderedza pulsations.

The Kutendeuka anogona kutora nzvimbo zvose kubva rakatumbuka kutungamirira kutira ndiEzekieri. Asi vapedzisira nyaya iri rakaoma zvikuru kushandisa. Zvinoda inverters, izvo, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zviri zvinodhura chaizvo.