Chidimbu - "Hadji Murat" naLobert Tolstoy

"Hadji Murad" inobudiswa naNowa Tolstoy, yakabudiswa mushure mekufa kwevanyori muna 1912. Chinhu chinofadza chebasa, iro iyo nhau inorumbidzwa nevanyori vezvakaitika kare, ichokwadi che protagonist, Avar Hadji Murad. Akaenda kumaRussia muna 1851, uye gore gare akazofa achiedza kutiza.

Pamberi pako pane pfupiso ye "Hadji Murad", iyo isingagoni kutora nyaya yacho pachayo. Kubva mauri unogona kungowana pfungwa yenyaya yacho uye unonzwa mumhepo yezviitiko izvozvo.

L. Tolstoy, "Hadji Murad", muchidimbu

Nyaya inotanga nemurangariro wemunyori weHadji Murad. Pane imwe nguva, anoona kurira mumugwagwa, kuputsika nemakumbo, asi unoramba uchikura. Iyo protagonist yenyaya iyi Hadji Murad, inozivikanwa mukurwisana nevaRussia, vakashinga Avar naNaib Shamil. Akasiya Shamil akavanza mumusha wemakomo, muimba yeChechen Sado. Apo vagari vemo vanoziva nezveizvi, Hadji Murad anotiza, vachitya Shamil. Kuziva kuti haugone kuvanza nekusingaperi, anoenda kumaRussia. Ne Hadji Murad, nukers (Avars naChechens) vanouyawo kuRussia. Hadji Murad anoda rubatsiro rwevarusi veRussia, sezvo pasina ivo haana mukana wekukunda Shamil uye kusunungura mhuri yake kubva kumusungwa. Iyo defector inogamuchirwa nomufaro naMikhail Vorontsov, mutungamiri-mukuru wevarwi vemunharaunda. Anowanzoremekedzwa nehondo yose, sezvo Haji ari murwi akanaka. Asi akanga ari muvengi, saka hapangagoni kuvimba, uye mamiriro ake haasi akasiyana zvikuru nekutapwa. Pazuva rechishanu, Vorontsov's adjutant anonyora pasi nhau yeKhadzhi-Murat pamitemo kubva pamusoro, iyo inobvumira vaverengi kuti vadzidze nezvematambudziko ezvidzivirira. Vorontsov akatumira nhume kuHurumende yeHondo kurondedzera mamiriro ezvinhu. Mutariri, muvengi kwenguva refu weVerontsov, mumushumo wake, tsar iri kuedza kuzarura mamiriro acho asina kunaka.

"Hadzhi-Murat" naTolstoy, muchidimbu

Panguva ino munyori anoita kugadzirisa uye anozivisa muverengi humwe hweRussian Tsar. Nicholas I - utsinye, narcissistic, kudzvinyirira. Ipapo Hadji Murad anodzidza pamusoro pezvirongwa zvaShamil. Muvengi ari kunyadzisa mai vake nemudzimai, uye vozouraya kana kupofumadza mwanakomana wake. Mukuwedzera, vaRussia havazovasununguri munguva yemberi iri pedyo. IAvar inoedza kupukunyuka pamwe nevana vavo. Kutsvaga kwavo kwakapinda, muhondo shomanana vapoteri vanourawa. Mumwe wevarwi akaunza musoro waKhadzhi-Murat kunhare.

Nhoroondo iyi yakasikwa sei

Sezvaunogona kuona, zvinyorwa zvishoma zve "Hadji Murad" zvakaratidza chimiro, asi zvakawanda zvave zvarashika: kunzwira tsitsi komunyori, tsitsi dzake nekusava nehanya. Nekubatsira kwepakutanga iwe unogona kunzwa nyika yepamusoro ya Leo Tolstoy uye ugare munzvimbo yake. Pashure pezvose, Tolstoy pachake akatora chikamu muhondo iyi. Akaenda kumatunhu iwayo pazera remakore makumi maviri nemaviri uye akanyora tsamba uye diary pamusoro penhoroondo ye Hadji Murad. Mhedziso yenyaya iyi yakaberekwa paakaona bray, iyo inoramba ichingamatira kuhupenyu. Izvi zvakamuyeuchidza nezveAvar, uyo kusvikira pakupedzisira anoedza kurwisana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Kubvira muna 1896 kusvika muna 1898, zvinyorwa zvishanu zvemavara zvakanyorwa. Chero muna 1904, kutonga nekugadzirisa kwekupedzisira mune zvinyorwa, nyaya yacho yakagadzirira.

Nhepfenyuro ye "Hadji Murad" ichabatsira kuita pfungwa yakawanda yebasa racho. Ichokwadi, kudzokorora hakugoni kubudisa manzwiro aTolstoy. Pepa iri munyaya iyi haisi iye mubatsiri wakanakisisa. Kunyange zvakadaro, kana iwe uchitora chekutanga mumabhuku kana kuti uzvitengere iwe mubhuku rinonzi, ipapo pane mukana wekunzwa kuti ndiani muumbi we "War and Peace". Kana chido ichocho chichibuda, zvinyorwa zvishomanana zve "Hadji Murad" hazvipo pasina.