Chidhakwa chinovira

Doro chinovira ndiyo hwaro siyana zvokudya Mazinga - doro, kugadzira waini, doro kugadzirwa. Izvi zvakakosha vari kubika chingwa, zvaAtemisi yakavira mukaka, Mishonga zvigadzirwa. Doro chinovira pamusoro makabhohaidhiretsi ndiko kutamira carbon dioxide, panyaya iyi uye nedzimwewo zvinoriumba. In nedanho anaerobic kudzikisirana zvikuru kunzwisisa zvinhu kuti nyore simba asunungurwa.

Tusingaoneki-activators iyi muitiro ndiyo mbiriso, kazhinji kubva genus saharomitses. Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu doro chinovira aigona kumutsa vamwe notumwe uye utachiona. Zvakananga kufurira mbiriso kukura kwacho kuisa Pasteur. Buchner Pashure, Liebig uye Lebedev akaratidza kuti doro chinovira zvinogoneka pasina pavo (mbiriso) kutaurawo, kana kunyange pasina kushandisa sero-vakasununguka enzymatic zvinoriumba zvinobva kwavari. Properties vamwe pathogenic tusingaoneki kuparadza avo kana zvimwe makabhohaidhiretsi akaumba hwaro muitiro vachiwedzera kwemabhakitiriya tsika uye kuziva pathogenic nevamiririri.

Zvino tsime yakasimbiswa kuti carbohydrate pave nemamwe zvinoriumba anomirira nhamba redox nemamwe siyana zvinoitika sequentially. Pane mhando dzakasiyana kuvira. Achibatsirwa mbiriso nyore kwacho kunoitika muna nyore shuga - fructose uye shuga.

Ekupedzisira acho kunonyanya kukosha. Saka, kana sauerkraut, mukaka, wemagaka rinopfuura lactic chinovira kuti shuga. The chete kwacho kunoitika muna silage. Kana vakawanda silage chisimbiso zvakakwana, mhepo chinopinda. Under nawo kunotanga butyric asidhi chinovira. Somugumisiro iyi, iyo inosimbisa kunova unusable.

Kana kugadzirwa doro rinoshandiswa doro chinovira kuti shuga.

Maltose, sucrose zvinogona pasi muitiro. Pre ndiye hydrolysis vachishandisa mbiriso. Saka akaumba monosaccharides.

Lactose (mukaka shuga) anogona pasi kugaya chete mamwe mbiriso.

Glycogen, starch nezvimwe makabhohaidhiretsi vane zvakawanda kunzwisisa chivakwa havasi pasi muitiro. Kare havana vanosangana enzymatic kana acidic hydrolysis nzira. Somugumisiro, vanorasikirwa kutsiga zvavo uye vari kukanganiswa mbiriso.

Yeasts pachavo chaizvo nevakawanda zvinhu zvakasikwa. Ivo inowanikwa michero, michero, mazambiringa. Panguva yezhizha, vakawarira mudenga uye ivhu.

Mbiriso rakakamurwa dzomusango uye cultured. Wokupedzisira Kudanidzira kwakadaro zvinhu izvo vane michina chikumbira maererano unhu kana zvimwe zvakanaka. Saka, somuenzaniso, aishandiswa kutanga zvinhu anokwanisa kujekesa doro, zvichiita izvozvo yeshoko inofadza uye kuravira. Mazambiringa vaidedereswa nemvura yainaya vanoumba rinokosha bouquet. Zviyo mbiriso aikoshesa nemano avo zviwande vachishingairira uyewo ehupfumi ari mukanyiwa vari zvakanaka sunungura. Wild chete zvinhu nhaka ichipererwa fermentative kugona. Vanoumba zvinoriumba dzinopa pakuti kwakanaka uye kuravira.

Muitiro rokutendeutsa shuga kupinda carbon dioxide, panyaya iyi uye nedzimwewo zvinoriumba rakanyatsojeka zvakaoma. Pamwe chete zvinhu izvi uye chinovira achabatsirwa paumbwe dzimwe parutivi-zvigadzirwa. Zvikurukuru, zvimwe vhoriyamu kuumbwa acetic asidhi uye succinic acid, acetaldehyde, glycerol. Kuvakwa sezvo mafuta fusel. zvinoriumba ava wemisanganiswa pamusoro isomers kuvakuru alcohols: butyl, isobutyl, amyl, uye vamwe. Mukuwedzera, chimiro zvinhu izvo, kunyange uwandu miniti kunogona kukanganisa yeshoko, kupa yakananga kuravidza waini uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa.