Chibvumirano - musangano kana muchimiro chibvumirano? Tinonzwisisa nyaya

Shoko rokuti "Gungano" zvinoita chaizvo kucherechedzwa, asi kutsanangura zvarinoreva hakusi nyore nguva dzose. Chechechi - shoko rinosanganisira zvakasiyana siyana tsika pedyo napedyo uye panguva imwe chete siyana zvakasikwa. Ngationgororei zvinotaurwa shoko rinoreva uye chii kutsanangurwa kushandiswa kwayo.

Definition uye Chaizvoizvo

Shoko "Gungano" rinobva muchiLatin. conventus, izvo zvinoreva musangano kana kuungana. Zvinokosha kutaura rimwe Latin shoko - conventio, rakashandurwa sezvo chibvumirano chibvumirano. Zvichienderana aya maviri mashoko-tsime gungano - musangano rinonzi kubvumirana pane chero zvinhu, mananara, zviitiko, mitemo. convents Most anofukidza mumabasa ayo guru zvakawanda nyaya. Tinogona kutaura kuti musangano uyu hwakapiwa simba risingagumi munzvimbo idzi pamusoro izvo zvakatanga.

mafomu izwi

Convents dziripo muminda tsika dzakasiyana-siyana. The zvakanakisisa anozivikanwa shanduro mutemo. Somuenzaniso, gungano - ndiko:

1. MuThe akasarudzwa vevatariri hunopiwa masimba kwemitemo.
2. The Council Revakuru kana munhu dzinomiririra siyana ezvematongerwe enyika (Signoret-kokorodzano).

Mumwe akatanga kushandisa ichi fomu navavaki misangano yaiitirwa saka guruundano yavo kana misangano wepagore. European Masonic convents dzave kuzivikanwa kubvira XVIII remakore. In Russia vakadaidzwa edunhu.

In tsika Catholic rechitendero chechechi (chechechi) - yemamongi ichi. Kazhinji, rinoreva kuchikoro chechechi kana yemamongi. Pano anobudisa pamwe nhengo yemamongi kurongeka, kanenge - vanhu vane zvakafanana mararamiro kana chakafanana wematambudziko (semuenzaniso, gungano Eck nechirikadzi Latvia).

Gungano munhau

The kupfuura inozivikanwa rokuti nokuda France, muna 1792-1795 gg. inokosha chehurumende chakanga chechechi.

The National Convention chikatsiviwa nesimba mambo uye akaparidza Republic, vaiwanzouraya Louis XVI kusvika guillotine. Akashanda sezvo zvemitemo, Executive nezvakatongwa namasimba, izvo akaparadzirwa mumatare siyana uye makomisheni.

Mukati National Convention zvinopindura zvakakomba hondo pakati pemapoka, iyo kuwedzerwa iri socio-enyika mamiriro ezvinhu munyika. Popular kumukira uye kuwa Jacobin hurumende kwakatungamirira ayo kuvandudzwa. , A itsva chimiro rokusangana, vakatumidzwa mwedzi Education - the Thermidor.

Thermidorian Convention rinopera echimurenga kutya, zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika maonero ari royalists, uyo vakabva vauya simba kuFrance. basa Its imhaka vatsigire vapfumi bourgeoisie, vehurumende kuenzana pfungwa. In iyi kwake anoratidza ostentation uye kwokunyanyisa mu zvakaoma nokuda French vanhu, pambiru-echimurenga kumwedzi. Thermidorian Convention kusvikira 1795.

Chechechi - Monastery

Chinoratidza wemamongi ndechokuti kana kupinda maitiro ake anofanira zvakasimba kutevera zvirevo ake. The inonyanya Gungano - chechechi. Fanira zvinhu kuti kubvuma nayo - mumuviri uye chepfungwa, nechido chokushumira Mwari kuburikidza nekereke yake. Nokudaro, hunhu Chibvumirano - chibvumirano pakati Church uye Mwari mukati wemamongi (ruzivo). The mabasa chikuru tsika - munamato uye kufungisisa, basa. Female convents kubvira Ages Europe kusvikira nhasi.

convents ano

Nhasi, munhu mutsva muchimiro pamwe mumunda sayenzi uye zvakagadzirwa vari convents youth. Vari inoitwa pasi auspices ari vaitungamirira mumayunivhesiti munyika, nyika dzakapoteredzana kana mamiriro rutsigiro. The wegore Youth Innovation Convention rakaitirwa Russia kubvira 2008. Zviri chikuva kuti kukura uye kutsigirwa zviitiko matsva yesayenzi. The Youth Gungano iri kupinda sezvo munyika nyanzvi vaitungamirira muminda siyana zvesayenzi uye masayendisiti ruzivo, vanotsvakurudza ruzivo, vavambi - akapedza kudzidza vadzidzi, vokusekondari. chimiro ichi nekuita chinokwezva upfumi zvemari mune zvesayenzi Russian. Rakagadzirirwa rokuongorora njere zvinhu pasango utsanzi.

convents nhema

The inonyanya izwi zvichachinja zvinoenderana nechipimo ichi. gore ose muRussia uye iri Kishi akabata convents renyaya vanyori, yakakurumbira zvikuru kuva "Aelita" (Ekaterinburg), "Roskon" (Moscow), "Interpresscon" (St. Petersburg), "chena pachivara" (Kharkov), uye vamwe. vazhinji vavo - ichi mukana tinyatsoziva vanyori itsva uye mabasa, kuti ndiitewo mharidzo mibayiro, ivo Studios uye mabhuku kuverengwa.

Chechechi - mutsva yokukurukurirana uye renyaya vachivakuza. Somuenzaniso, mafeni rwaJohani. R. R. Tolkien mafeni kana Anime dzinoti "Star kudii." Muzviitiko izvi, haisi nzvimbo rokusangana fandom, asiwo weimba mhando apo kufungidzira nyika mupenyu. convents izvi zvinoitiswa panguva dzakasiyana siyana - kubva emunharaunda kusvikira dzakawanda, uye somunhu mutemo, muri wepagore.

Kunze, zviitiko zvakafanana dzinoitirwa amateurs Philco mumhanzi (zvakanyorwa kuti mabhuku ingano kana firimu nyika).

Zvisinei pakushandisa rokuti, gungano - musangano chakagadzirirwa kufarira chinhu, pave itsva mitemo, nzira uye tarisiro okukura. Zvinoreva nhasi yekudyidzana vakabviswa evasingatombonamati enyika kukosha, vawana kuburikidza French Revolution, uye kwaraiitwa kuva muchimiro pamutemo uye kukura nzvimbo itsva - kwesayenzi, mabhuku kana vemungano zvisingaitiki.