Antinormanskaya dzidziso

Kana totaura antinormanskoy pfungwa, zvino, Chokwadi, hazvibviri tisingatauri Norman, kubva izvo, chokwadi, achisunda yokutanga. Vose vari kufunga nhoroondo Russian wehurumende. Pahwaro zvayo nguva inoitwa ose enyika nokufungidzira. Zvisinei, pamwe nyaya ino nguva akatarisana vakawanda vamiririri sayenzi siyana, dzakadai kare, zvemutauro, kuchera matongo, jogirafi uye zvichingodaro.

Kutanga Norman dzidziso akaiswa makore 30-60 pakati XVIII remakore, masayendisiti kubva Germany GF Miller uye IG Bayer, uyo panguva iyoyo aishanda Academy of Sciences muSt Petersburg. Zvakabudisa yakawanda mabasa kwesayenzi, zvimwe izvo zvakatsaurirwa kuna Norman pfungwa, uye ivo zvakaratidza kokutanga nharo kuti Old Russian mamiriro akasika VaViking. Panguva iyoyowo akazoshanda Russian AL Schlötzer, wezvenhau German uyo adzidza vekare zvinyorwa Russian uye, kunyanya, Nestor sahwira. Zvichida Schlötzer kuva kupfuura kuchitsigira kukuchidzira kuti Norman dzidziso.

Asi rinozivikanwa musayendisiti MV Lomonosov, uyo akanyora nhoroondo Russia nokuda Empress Elizabeth I, pamwe mumwe akakurumbira wenhau VT atischevym akapikisana maonero ichi zvakasimba. Antinormanskaya dzidziso hwakavakirwa kutsvakurudza remasayendisiti izvi. Vakapedza zvakawanda anotsvaka mashoko akasiyana-siyana uye iri matongo nzvimbo, kuitira kuti chokwadi. Antinormanskaya pfungwa akanga dingindira mabasa S. Gedeonov uyo akanyora "VaViking uye Rus '. Kuchinja venhoroondo Ilovajskij D. uye M. Moroshkin uyewo nezvokumwe wenyaya iyi uye akariita vayowo chisingarambiki chokwadi. Saka, pane mirayiridzo maviri: Norman uye antinormanskoe (necheSalvic) kuti vaivimba maviri rekodhi ukuwo, uye Lavrentian Hypation.

Normanists vanodavira kuti pane imwe nguva Norman marudzi akatanga kudzora kumabvazuva Slavs, anokunda kwavari pamusana vachirwisa murugare, uye vanobvuma kuti shoko "Russia" rine Norman yokutarisirwa. Uyewo antinormanskaya dzidziso nharo iri nyasha ndechokuti izwi yakatanga sezvaari mariri refu asati kuti, munguva refu chaizvo nguva kare. Zvavanotenda kwakavakirwa "zvakaedza zvekare Years", izvo zvinoratidza zvinopesana chokwadi chemamiriro Norman dzidziso. Pane akarekodwa yakaitwa muna 1852, unotiudza kuti kana muByzantium akatonga Mikhail, nyika Russian akava kare zita rayo. Hypation uye Laurentian yaMakoronike vanoti zvose hwokuchamhembe madzinza necheSalvic vakakoka Normans mambo, uye Russia ndozvakaitikawo. Asi vanotsvakurudza DS Likhachev uye Tikhomirov vanoramba kupinda ichi sezvo yepakutanga uye zvinosanganisira chiitiko yaro yenhau kuti nguva pashure. Vanotsanangura ichi zvikonzero enyika mol Vapikisi mumwe uye Byzantine Kiev Rus. Kuti izvi zvidaro, munyori Chronicle vemamwe mavambo vane machinda imba youmambo.

Chokwadi, Normans hakusi zvachose zvakakwana vanodudzira nhoroondo facts, asiwo antinormanskaya dzidziso anewo kuoneka kukanganisa ayo. Hazvibviri kuramba kuti Normans vaivapo muRussia uye vaishingaira, vakasiya mucherechedzo wavo kare. Vamwe vanoita toramba kuvapo Rurik. Izvi, chokwadi, zvinogona kunge zvichiita, asi zvikuru kashoma, nokuti rinoburitsa munhu Pedigree zvikuru munhau. Kunyanya kuti imba youmambo machinda nemadzimambo akazotevera, zvinobva Igor, vaiva nokutora "Rurik" kusvikira pakuguma XVI remakore.

Nokuti anopfuura maviri emakore uye antinormanskaya Norman dzidziso kwakabva Old Russian hurumende chikonzero kusawirirana pakati vateveri vavo. Asi ani zvakarurama, hapana yakachengeteka angataure. Mumakore okurarama kare zvavo mazano chikero vachifarira rimwe, ipapo mhiri.