Achromatic palette, kana kuti kuwana Ruvara rutema pendi

Omumwe ruvara ndiye munhu chaizvo uye zvinoenderana sei Ziso remunhu kuona mwaranzi kunooneka kubva hukawanika siyana. Pane hukawanika kuti urege kuratidza kuti mwaranzi uye kupinza navo. Kuti nyura nomunhu anoona dema. Ndokusaka dema anonzi mavara "akafa" kana "kusava ruvara."

Naizvozvo, mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti sei kuti nhema Ruvara pendi achava sezvinotevera: dema kwechokwadi hazvigoni yaunganidzwa nokusanganisa mimwe mavara ari chakarondedzera. Zvisinei, unogona kuumba rima chaizvo noruvara, izvo kusiyana mumwe kusika pfungwa dema. Kuti uzive kuti mavara kusanganisa kuti vatema ruvara, zvakakodzera kuenda dzidziso ounyanzvi uye zvepfungwa ruvara.

Ruvara mienzaniso uye ruvara usage

Pane vaviri mavara kwetunhu womuenzaniso kuti ari kuwana mavara matsva uye maketeni.

Chirungiso - Model ruvara kugamuchirwa inobva Kuwedzera uye superposition yemwaranzi kwakaratidza kubva pechiso chinhu. muenzaniso uyu rinoshandiswa monitors uye sefa, zvikuru RGB ruvara siyana. Chirungiso ruvara usage kushandisa chiedza chikuru matatu paro: tsvuku, girini uye zvitema. Nokushandisa nokusanganisira mwaranzi awa akaumba mamwe mavara zvose, zvimwe pane matema. In womuenzaniso ichi, nhema ruvara anoonekwa kuva vasina kufungisisa.

Subtractive - muenzaniso kunobva musanganiswa dzinongoitika pigments uye madhayi. Zvinonzi kuonekwa kushayikwa ruvara chena. Uye nhema rinogadzirirwa kuburikidza nokusanganisa zvose zvinokosha kwerima guru. Saka chii mavara kusanganisa kuti ruvara rutema? The subtractive muenzaniso chikuru (kana Musimboti) vari magenta hues, cyan yellow.

Subtractive vaiitawo nzira

Tichienzanisa chirungiso kwetunhu subtractive ruvara womuenzaniso unobereka maketeni mashoma. Uyezve, yokungotaura kana kwemasvomhu womuenzaniso subtractive kwetunhu Evhangeri yemvura noMweya ndiyo kuti vakawana uchidzidzira. Somuenzaniso, hunonzi, pasi unomutsa mavara matatu chikuru mukangodzoka dema. Zvisinei, In tsika, ruvara ichi anoenda rima chaizvo mashava.

Subtractive nzira inoshandiswa kudhinda uye akajeka Arts, uko zvinokosha chaizvo kuti vawane dema kwechokwadi. Kuti uzviwane ruvara matatu chikuru wedzera "kiyi". Zviri richizonzi huru siyana subtractive womuenzaniso - CMYK, apo C - cyan (cyan, muchiRussia mutauro wake anonzi zvitema kana greenish-zvitema), M - magenta (mumvuri ruvara), Y - yellow (Yellow), uye K - kiyi ruvara (pfungwa ruvara). In chikuva ichi, chinoita chinhu dzinongoitika dema. Achishaya kuti kuwana nhema ruvara kubva chromatic mavara ari chakarondedzera, typesetters kunzwisisa kuti hakuna zvichizoita mumvuri haangavi kutsiva dzinongoitika dema.

Mavara matatu chikuru

Maererano dzidziso ounyanzvi Yohannesa Ittena, pane vatatu mavara chikuru, kana hwakakanyiwa iyo anowana mamwe mavara ose chakarondedzera. Itten dzinounzwa mutsvuku, yellow uye zvitema sezvo core. Tevera dzidziso vangosarudza kuti yakanaka mavara chikuru vane yepepuru (magenta), zvitema (cyan) uye tsvuku. Kuti vari kunzi chikuru - mavara ayo anoratidza rakasiyana-siyana uye risingagoni kuwanwa ibatanidzo nemamwewo.

Kutaura zvazviri, tsvuku uye zvitema havasi chikuru. Ivo Sechipanji chiedza kupfuura kufunga, asi pasinei ichi, vanowanzoororwa vachiri akataura mavara sezvo chikuru uye anoshandiswa kusika vamwe ruvara vhiri.

Cherechedza: White uye dema haana kuiswawo pakati chakarondedzera uye ruvara vhiri vanonzi achromatic. Nzira kuwana nhema Ruvara pendi, nguva dzose dzakasiyana uye kuvimba zvakasiyana-siyana zviripo parizvino dzidziso.

Solid mavara

Maererano vachiri dzidziso mavara kwakachena mutsvuku, zvitema, yellow uye girini. Zvaidavirwa kuti havagoni kuwana kupfurikidza nokusanganisa mamwe mavara. Gare gare, pamwe pave zvigadzirwa, vakawana kuti vatatu mavara huru kuti hazvigoni kuwanwa - ndiko magenta, cyan yellow.

Modern ruvara dzidziso chinosiyanisa zvitatu chikuru, nhatu chesekondari chromatic uye mumwe achromatic - black. Kuti, chii mavara kusanganisa kuti munhu mutema ruvara, zvakasiyana. Zvichienzaniswa unoshanda zvose kubva nokusanganisa dzinokosha mavara kusanganisa mutsvuku, zvitema yellow kana tsvuku uye girini.

Secondary mavara - zviri mutema, nezvakarukwa zvitema uye tsvuku. Green inotengwa kuburikidza nokusanganisa yero pamwe greenish-mutema. Purple uye zvitema kupa Blue. A kuvhenganisa magenta yellow, unogona kuwana yakatsvuka.

Mubvunzo dzidziso sei kuti nhema Ruvara pendi kunokwanisika kuburikidza nokusanganisa mavara matatu chikuru namavara dzavo vakakwana. cyan ichi, magenta yellow. Zvisinei, anenge kuwana dema vakakwana kuburikidza tichibatanidza mamwe mavara chromatic hazviiti. Kudhinda uye kupenda kushandisa zviwanikwa dema ruvara.

rwokuzvarwa dema

Black - zviri zvechokwadi tisina ruvara. The zvakawanda mwaranzi yechiedza yokuita zvinoitwa pemvura chinhu, saka zvinoita sokuti nerima. Zvakasikwa, hakuna zvachose dema, asi vakawanda dema kabhoni Vantablack sezvo pedyo zana muzana Absorção de Água chiedza, zvinoratidza zvose mwaranzi ose 0,035%.

Basic dzinongoitika pigments, izvo zvakagadzirwa matema ingi ndiyo kabhoni. Pakati pavo, chikuru - a graphite uye kabhoni dema. Artists panguva pakuvapo kupenda nezvazvo chii mavara zvinofanira kusanganiswa kupa vatema ruvara, uye vakagumisa kuti ruvara vaiitawo kuti vatema haina kubudirira. In panguva High Renaissance Painters mined dema kubva zvipiriso mapfupa. Rakanga pazvakanga mumumvuri Matt, rinowanikwa muna Renaissance.