Abul Khair Khan uye ake ichikosha

Muna 1718 chiitiko chakaitika, iro rakava danho rekutanga asapinda Kazakh nyika kuRussia - akafa Tauke Khan, mukuru mukuru kamwe yakabatana uye simba mamiriro. Somugumisiro, musarudzo kutamburira simba nyika yakakamurwa kuva nhatu dzidzo yakazvimirira kwemadzinza, akadana soro, pakati uye mudiki zhuzami. Yakanga musoro Little Horde - Abul Khair Khan - akaita basa rinokosha mune pokugadzwa Russian protectorate.

Matambudziko anokonzerwa separatism

Pakarepo pashure pokuwa Khanate rakasvika dzakaoma. Kuneta, waiva mugumisiro separatism, pakarepo akatora mukana vanotyaira inowanzorimwa vavakidzani. Junior Horde, nyika kunosvika kunyika dzokumadokero chikamu vemazuva Kazakhstan, Akatsoropodzwa nemadzinza djungars vakayanana Russia, asi kwete kuti amise dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya vachirwisa vari vavakidzani vavo. Zvinhu vakashorawo.

Muna 1730, pashure mumwe yaitevedzana vachirwisa, kunoteverwa chikumbiro rokutanga Khan Abulhair kuzviremera Russian kubatsirwa inoodza ari yaiparadza. Sechiratidzo chekutenda, akavimbisa Anne Ioannovne mhedziso reuto kwomubatanidzwa, achivimbisa vakachengeteka pamiganhu Russian. Zvisinei, kubva St. Petersburg akati vanobatsira mukurwisa Dzhungars vanobvumirana, asi kana mukova rinoteerera Abulhair ndima chete pasi Russian protectorate.

Entry pasi kudzivirirwa Russian

Abul Khair Khan akagamuchira izvi ezvinhu, pasinei nokuti Implementation kwavo kunyimwa vanhu vake rusununguko. Panyaya iyi, basa reDare ake yakakurisa chinzvimbo uye wakagumbuka kuti pashure porufu mukuru Khan Tauken iye akasarudzwa kuti amutsive. Nokubvuma chibayiro National changamire, ichi enyika unyengeri kunotarisirwa citizenship yakawanikwa kubva Russian inopikira yedzimudzangara Khanate yakananga venhaka yake.

Hadzingabvi kwaari, uye ishe kuMiddle Horde - Khan Abulmambet. Akakwanisa kuita kuti chizvarwa masimba maviri makuru - Russia uye China. Mutemo wake kugadzirisa pakati penyika mbiri anonzi "pakati shumba ingwe." Elder Horde panguva iyoyo kugona kuita chinhu chose pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu Kokand Khanate akanga kunyimwa inzwi rake.

Basa Russian nezvibvumirano

Muna 1731, apo Kazakh vatongi vari yakazoona yanyura mumadhaka enyika chivande uye kutsvaka nzira kusangana pachake maturo, vakasvika vachibva St. Petersburg Ambassador - Count AI Tevkelov. In basa yaakaronzeswa netsa Ioannovnoy, akaunganidza October 10 kupfuura simba vamiririri nepakati uye mudiki zhuzes uye akatsigira Abulhair Khan, rinomiririra Junior Horde, akavaratidza chokwadi kubatsira vanovimbiswa navo kupinda pasi Russian protectorate.

nezvibvumirano ake aiva kubudirira, uye pakupera ichi Congress khans, vakamira musoro zhuzes, uye kunyange maviri nemanomwe vatongi vaduku chinzvimbo akapika nomusi Koran nokutendeka Anne Ioannovne. Chiito ichi chaiva pamutemo kururamiswa kuti asapinda Kazakh kunyika Russia, kunyange zvazvo zvakanga zvichiri kure yokupedzisira Mikova yokuvanda gondo kaviri-vakananga.

Kubatana Russia rakabatsira Kazakhs Dzhungarian kurwisa nechisimba. In nguva kuwedzera vachirwisa dzavo mumakore 1738-1741, hondo, aumba kubva vamiririri nepakati uye mudiki zhuzes, achitsigirwa vokuRussia vaibata muvengi vashoma unorema vakakurirwa. In mishandirapamwe izvi, akatungamirira mauto akabatana aiva munun'una Khan pakati Middle juz - Abylai. Muna 1741, muna imwe hondo akanga akabatwa, uye chete Orenburg Kutarisirwa kupindira kuti achakomborerwa ndokudzokera rusununguko.

Mugumo yakakurumbira mutongi upenyu

Abul Khair Khan haana kukwanisa kukurira zvose zvitatu Kazakh Horde, kunyange wakarwira Hukuru kwemakore akawanda. The expanses eumambo steppes parara mukurumbira wake somunhu asingatyi mukuru uye bhururu of kwete zvishoma vakakurumbira Khan Abylai. Zvisinei, mukurumbira kwakadaro pakati vanhu akasika anovengwa vatongi zhinji Kazakh. Mumwe wavo - Barack Sultan - akaisa yakawanda nesimba nerokukundisa nemuvengi waro. Vose vari vaviri, ane rakajeka unhu vakashangazhika, vakagamuchira umwe yakawiriranwa ruvengo. Ichi chaiva chikonzero njodzi denouement.

magwaro hwakawanda huripo zvinozivikanwa kuti muna August 1748 Abul Khair Khan, achiperekedzwa murindi duku akanga achibva Orsk Fortress. On munzira akanga akamirira vavandire wakasiyiwa Bharaki neshamwari dzake.

Muhondo dzisakarurama kwakatevedzana musoro Little Horde akaurayiwa. Abulhair akavigwa pedyo confluence enzizi Kabyrga uye Olkeyka. Iyi nzvimbo iri masere chete kubva Turgai - rimwe remaguta Aktobe nharaunda.

zvavo ndangariro

Nhasi, nzvimbo ino yava rimwe Zvivako nhoroondo Kazakhstan. In vanhu rinonzi Han Molas, iro rinoshandurudzwa rinoreva "paguva Khan." Muna September 2011, Dare iri Science ari hurumende munyika kuumbwa purogiramu, iyo inodzidza ushe Khan Abulhair, akatanga pekufukunurwa ake mapfupa. The akaita majini kuongororwa akasimbisa nderechokwadi zvavo, izvo zvinokosha chaizvo sezvo mumwe magamba, kukudza kuyeuka riri kukura gore negore.

Zvizvarwa Khan

Pakafa mwanakomana wake Abulhair Nuraly akava Khan Juz Muduku uye, kufanana nababa vake, akatsvaka kubatana muvakidzani simba uye simba - Russia. Pakuwanda nevazukuru vake vachawa mukati yezvinoreva Board Yepamusoro Khanate.

A kuziva zvakadzama: mumwe nevazukuru kure Abulhair, Gubaydulla, akava akakurumbira munhoroondo wokuRussia muchiuto paitonga Alexander II. Kwekuvepo kusvikira 1909, akapfuura kure aifamba nemabhiza rwevanhu uye vakaziva tateguru mudzimba Signal Corps. Pachake Abul Khair Khan, ane Biography achiri kunoda zvakadzama kudzidza, akaramba zvachose mune ndangariro vanhu vayo.