Feat William Udza nengano nezvake

rudzi ose ane pachake hunhu waro, inomiririra rudzi Kuda rusununguko uye rusununguko. Dzimwe nguva, mubasa rake sezvo murevereri rengano vatambi, uye kazhinji kunatsiridza chairo ndiani chiito zvokuti zvakaoma kusiyanisa chokwadi nemanyepo. Mumwe gamba akadaro William Taura, kwemazana emakore izvo akanyora ngano Swiss uye nziyo.

A Nhoroondo shoma

Asati kutamira kune nyaya Vilgelme Telle, unofanira kugadzira duku karwendo kupinda munhoroondo Switzerland, chaipo munhau yacho Canton waUri, iri Alps. Uri vagari kwemazana emakore aizivikanwa kuti rusununguko-pfungwa dzavo, uye kunyange zvazvo nharaunda iyi kwainzi nharaunda German, mitemo yayo wakashanda Alps.
Mukuwedzera, kusvikira pakupedzisira kota XIII remakore Canton waUri pamwe cantons pakati Schwyz uye Unterwalden ainakidzwa dzimwe ropafadzo somubayiro ushingi yakaratidza zvavo vagere basa yeAustria mambo. Uye Rudolph I, uyo airemekedza zvikuru vakashinga makomo, kunyange akavapa kodzero vasanangurwa gavhuna wavo - Landamman-a. Asi zvino zvinhu zvakachinja, uye Swiss vaifanira kudzivirira rusununguko rwavo. Kuti izvi zvidaro, muna 1291, vatatu mupanduki Canton vakapinda rechiuto mubatanidzwa, izvo chamuita kuti kusikwa emakore akazotevera, neSwiss Confederation.

Ndiani William Taurira?

Asi kuna William Udza. Chii nezvake? Hongu, vakasvimha. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti aiva chizvarwa muguta Byurglen riri Canton waUri. Uye kuberekwa Taurira kuti zvinyorwa zviri yeko remazita haana kuchengeta. Zvisinei, avo vari maonero kuti Udza - unhu chaihwo, anotsanangura kusavapo rakanyorwa uchapupu pakuti pamutemo yamabhuku of Canton waUri kupiswa moto 1440. Uyezve, pane shanduro kuudza waiva mukwambo chaiyo chaiye - Walter Fürst, uyo rakanyorwa, muna 1307 pachena mhiko pamwe Werner Stauffacher uye Arnold of Melchtal sunungura nyika yake yaakaberekerwa kubva pakudzorwa wounovengwa uye utsinye Austrians. Kana chaiyo chokwadi, achiudza nezvoupenyu ari gamba renyika yose Switzerland ndiye anenge aripo, asi vanoshandisa waWilliam Udza anozivikanwa zvakawanda. Uye hakuna munhu anogona kuudza kupi chokwadi uye yokunyepera.

William Udzai: The Legend uye chairo chokwadi. Chii nezvake?

Zvakangotanga akatanga muna 1291 apo akwira choumambo Rudolf mugamuchiri First Adolf Nassausky. The mambo mutsva, zita remadunhurirwa ari Black Duke, anozivikanwa nokuda utsinye ake uye anovaendesa kuti Rinonyukazve zvose yapfuura runyararo zvibvumirano. Chinhu chokutanga chaakaita - yakatsiva Landamman-s kubudikidza magavhuna dzavo, vanonzi bailiffs. Izvi yeAustria vakuru vakatanga mutemo, triggering kushatirwa pakati vagari cantons Swiss. Utsinye siyana chikonzi Gessler, uyo akagara panhare iri Altdorf ndokubudiswa ake evatsigiri seyavshimi anotyisa pakati veko vanhuwo zvavo. Pano chaiye chokwadi ngakugume, uye anotanga kuti ngano kurondedzera Feat waWilliam Udza namavara inopenya uye zvose. Nevatsvakurudzi vakawanda zvakarurama dzinotaura kuti ngano yokuzvikudza nechokugedhi Alps zvikuru zvakafanana ngano iri anopfura virtuoso (kune vanenge gumi nevaviri), izvo zvakasiyana vanhu vanogara huru nharaunda kubva kuIndia kusvika Persia uye kuti Air Peninsula.

The Feat of vakashinga Swiss

Maererano nengano, kamwe Gessler akasarudza kuwana kubva kana kumukira kutanga pakati pavagere waUri. Nokuti ichi, akarayira danda wakaiswa mativi uye akamisa kwake ducal hat. Ipapo heralds akazivisa kuti Vanopfuura vanofanira kukotamira heti, inomiririra simba Austrians, uye vaya vanoramba, rufu rakamirira. Gritting meno ake, vagari akateerera murayiro, uye William Iti, uyo akanga achifamba ari mativi nomwanakomana wake, akaramba kukotamira hat. Paakanga vaunzwa kuzobvunzurudzwa, akati kuti ndiye akasununguka murume.

Chikonzi Gessler wakatsamwa, asi haana kuda kuuraya Pakarepo mupanduki. Asarudza kuita akangwara, akavimbisa kuti mundikangamwirewo Taurira, kana achakwanisa kuti ikoko matanho ane zana kuti chinangwa, uye sokunge kunoburitsa kushandisa apuro, akaisa mumusoro mwanakomana wake William. Chokwadi, akareba akaramba, asi unyengeri chikonzi akati kuti kana anorayira apuro kupfura mumwe zvake uta. Maererano nengano, mumamiriro ezvinhu uye Feat waWilliam udza yakaitwa - murume, achiunganidza ushingi ake ose, iye airamba akarova apuro pamusoro gore matanhatu mwanakomana wake wekare, Walter, uye ipapo vakatiza nemwana.

Life gamba mushure Feat

On upenyu William Udza mushure chiitiko pamusoro mativi ose Altdorf rinozivikanwa chaizvo shoma. Kunyanya, ngano inoti achiri akapfura Gessler kubva crossbow, Wakati kuzotora mhuri yake mubatwa, asi pashure chokwadi zvinhu zvakawanda zvikuru. Somuenzaniso, iye muchirongwa Hondo Morgarten yakaitika muna 1315. Saka Feat waWilliam Udza haasi chete. Kana zera haabvumiri naye irwa chombo muruoko rwake, munhu akava wehomwe chechi Bingen. Zvinonzi zvakare akapomera rufu gamba mukatadza 1354, apo William Udza, mumwe mutana kwazvo murume akafa kuedza kuponesa mwana tisanyura ari mugomo rwizi kare.

Rossini - a Nyanzvi kubva weclassical

Patriotic uye vabereki Feat William udza akanga immortalized Dzhoakino Rossini, akasika muna 1829 Paaidzidzisa ake - neOpera "William Udza".

Overture nokuti ichi chikuru chigadzirwa ndiye anenge 190 nemakore rwuripowo purogiramu Concerts ose symphonic mumhanzi, uye ayo mukurumbira haagoni kukwikwidzana kana ainakidza opus. ari Rossini pachake saka yakaparadzwa pashure refu mwedzi mitanhatu basa iri "Vilgelmom Tellem", iyo, pashure pokunge ararama ayo kuratidzwa makore 40, haichawaniki vateterera dhanzi Genre. Rossini kuti "William Iti" kwaikosheswa yaakakudza vatsoropodzi. Zvisinei, kusvikira pakuguma censors XIX remakore tsitsi shredding libretto kwayo vakashandura zita, nokuti akaona kunoda chimurenga uye kupandukira.