1941: The kudzivirira Moscow, Danho rokutanga

Wokutanga kukunda kukuru kunorwa zvisingaiti German muHondo Yenyika II yava kuonekwa kudzivirira Moscow (1941). Action Map mauto eGermany uye Soviet - the Volga River (kuchamhembe), ipapo kuchiteshi mutsetse Rzhev (kumadokero) uye chiteshi "Gorbachev" (kumaodzanyemba). Kutsigira guru, Dzvuku Army akaputsa dzakawanda "Centre" boka wehondo (1941st gore), uye ipapo yakatanga counteroffensive (1942nd gore).

AHitler urongwa

Hwaro "Barbarossa" urongwa kutora Moscow uye kukundwa kudzivirira nemauto ayo Soviet. urongwa hwake chaiva kuitika panyaya mavhiki. Ezvidzidzo nayo, vatungamiri German mukuru "Operation Dutu" yakazokudziridzwa, iro rakatanga musi September 30, 1941 pashure refu aviabombordirovok, ushori mamishini kugadzirira warrior, motorized uye inifanduri nehondo.

Kuwanda kumativi

Uwandu muvengi:

• Masoja vanodarika miriyoni uye navatariri;
• anenge 1,600 Matangi;
• anenge 14 zviuru pakati atirari zvidimbu uye mumaturi;
• 950 varwi uye bombordirovschikov.

Pamusoro chikamu Red Army:

• Red Army Masoja mamiriyoni 1,2 uye vehondo;
• anenge 1,400 Matangi;
• 9600 zvimedu atirari;
• 700 ndege.

Paiva chetatu revarwi zvinogona of Red Army. The kugadzirira hondo yokutanga takanzi General Headquarters Supreme Mutungamiriri kuguma July 1941. The Kutsigira Moscow kubvira September yechi30 kuna December 4th, unova Danho rokutanga kuhondo kuti Moscow.

Anopamba uye mapoka kupedzwa

July 1941 akagumisa Muscovites kuti erection ari kuzvidzivirira mutsetse yakananga Borodino. Panguva iyo vakatanga paumbwe varwi dzakabatana. In yose, maiva anenge makumi maviri nemashanu kupatsanurana, raisanganisira nevazvipiri vemazera akasiyana. zvidzidzo izvi vakanga chaizvo havaratidzi vashandi. Zve kunyange zvisati zviuru zvitanhatu vanhu vakanga nepfuti hapana anopfuura mazana matatu.

Nokuti kuti guru rakanga leaked vakawanda saboteurs uye akanga basa chikamu hwevanhu, inotungamirwa mauto zvinoparadza. Muvengi, ari munzira dzose rinobata zvakakanganisika, kuvheneka usiku inokosha anoshandisa muvengi bombordirovschikov uye kuputika zvombo depots.

tsamwisa

Pakutanga kumusoro mupikisi aishandisa mapoka matatu tangi (I, II uye III), kuti akatsemura chikuru dzichiumbwa Red Army pfungwa pedyo Bryansk uye Viaz'ma tora asara mauto eSoviet muna zvakatipoteredza, agozopinda rwezasi kuMoscow.

Rakakwana maonero yokuwana kuzvidzivirira mitsetse uye uwandu mauto ivo akadzokorora ushori sorties muzhizha 1941. The Kutsigira Moscow takasungwa akatanga kuratidza zvachose bombordirovok.

Orlovsko- oparesheni Brianskaia

Tichifunga zvakasimba mhosva, mauto eSoviet akanga havaratidzi vashandi uye, uyezve, haana pfungwa dzayo Kusimbaradza pane imwe nzvimbo kure kubva apo muvengi wakanga kuzoitika. Saka, mauto eGermany akapinda Eagle asina kumbokuvadzwa. Paakazotarira Ndakayeuka mumwe vehondo German, hondo vakapinda muguta, kuchiri trams pamusoro pakutengeserana. Mabhizimisi uye mafekitari havana nguva kutama, uye pfuma yavo Midziyo rakanga zvakananga mumugwagwa.

Vazhinji nevanozvitsigira rikawira mhete. Zvichakadai, October 3 fung mbiru Matangi German akaita nzira yayo kuguta Mtsensk. Asi nemhaka 4th warrior Division Colonel Katukova Mbiru akaiswa kubva chiito. Kurwisa pedyo Mtsensk anonoswa German zvirongwa kwevhiki rose. Zvisinei, musi October 2nd Bryansk rakatorwa vokuGermany, saka kuti General Yeremenko (mutungamiri Bryansk Front) aitofanira shure. mukuru pachake akakuvadzwa uye anobviswa kuMoscow.

Vyazemskij mberi

Front yakatyoka nemauto eGermany akatanga imwe inogumbura yakananga Vyazma. Kirov noMuponesi Demensk vakaendeswa musi October 4th, 1941. Kutsigira Moscow ose zuva slabla. Saka, vanhu nevarwi Reserve uye Fronts Western takakombwa. Maererano nokumwe kufungidzira, vanenge 700 mauto eSoviet uye vakuru vakasungwa.

Hondo Mozhaysk

Kuti abate anokumhan'arira muna Mozhaisk akatumwa Major-General inoti. Ivo pave kuti pave kuzvidzivirira mutsetse. Kuwedzera makaita regiments uye battalions kwake chinangwa uye nokupfura chokudzidzisa Cadets atirari School.

Pasinei muvengi uyu ichifamba. Mushure mukuchengeta kuzvidavirira pamusoro mazuva gumi, mauto edu dzakamanikidzwa shure. 13th October pasi yakakuwandira nomuvengi dzakawira Kaluga musi October 12th - Borovsk, iye Mozhaisk chete - musi October, rechi18, 1941. The kudzivirira Moscow zvakavharwa yakaitwa kuti makiromita zana kubva guru pachayo.

Nokutya muguta

aramu chinozunguzirwa dzakabviswa vagari. Kwakadaro nokutya uye vakawanda kufamba havana kuziva nhoroondo yaro guta guru Motherland yedu - Moscow. 1941, October 15 - musi Mutongo zvashata kubvisa. General Staff, uyewo commissariats utungamiri, masangano zvechiuto uye mamwe masangano zvaiendeswa maguta pedyo (Saratov, Kuibyshev, uye vamwe).

Mafekitari nezvimwe inokosha zvivako zvinokosha vakanga mined. Rechi20 October guta akanzi mamiriro okukomba.

Parade musi Red Square

Parade musi November 7 panguva yacho Red Square guta rakakombwa - zviri, hapana mubvunzo, mumwe chiitiko mavara, iyo asina kupfuma Kukuru Patriotic War. Defense Moscow, nokudaro kuwana mweya yakachena mhepo aidzivirira vave nechido.

The chete hazvigoni akati pamusoro vokuGermany. Okunze zvachose vaipfeka pasi, zvichiita kufamba madaro ichatoguma pane akanga vaifungidzira pasi urongwa. Zvose, kuti kurwisa revarwi eSoviet vakakomba dambiro. Uye vokuGermany vaifanira-vhiki mbiri yekuzorora chinangwa nokubatanidzwazve nhengo dzayo.

Yezwi tsamwisa

Huge ndezvokuti akanga vokuGermany kunge nominated wokurwisa nemauto eSoviet. December 6th 1941 pashure mashomanana Red Army kutokonora, vachiridza kushamiswa, akawana muvengi tsvarakadenga shabby romuromo. Saka kudzivirira Moscow vakatamira yaro yechipiri (nengozi vokuGermany) Danho - pakaunda-inogumbura.

mubayiro

Menduru nokuti Kutsigira Moscow - mumwe anokudza kuti basa rechiuto muHondo Yenyika II. Rakanga paakavapa vechikamu vese, vakaramba mupomerwi yakawanda yayo mwedzi. Vose vakuru uye masoja.

Uyewo, menduru nekuda Kutsigira Moscow akagamuchira uye vanhuwo zvavo, nzira imwe kana mumwe akabatsira kaza muvengi.