Zvokudya rekushongedzesa: tsananguro

Zvipfuwo - mumwe matavi inokosha zvokurima. Chinangwa chikuru chemusha ndiyo inonzi vaRafa (pasi pose) zvipfuwo zvokudya. Not mudukusa basa kugadzirisa izvi zvakaoma dambudziko kutamba zvokudya bota. Kusiyana-siyana, muviri kukosha, vane mwero zvirimwa kutsungirira nyaya iyi.

bota

uswa mhuri ane anenge manomwe nemakumi matanhatu genera uye anopfuura gumi nehafu chiuru marudzi. Vane hunoshandiswa dzakasiyana:

• zvokudya (gorosi, rye, uye vamwe);
• zvadzinofura (Timoti, wemichero uswa , etc.)
• yaishandiswa chivakwa zvinhu (sengere);
• papermaking (enhokwe);
• sezvo nzira rokurwisa kukurwa kwevhu (midzi runoita kuti kugadzirisa jecha Dunes);
• patsangadzi (apo waida kuramba tsika);
• decoration (zvikurukuru kushongedzwa hwakakura patsangadzi kana mumapaka).

Zviyo anogona kuita masora. Ivo infest zvirimwa, neminda, Montana mamwe anorimwa zvirimwa. A mumiriri akakurumbira panhovo. Kunyange zvazvo mushonga uyu rinowanzoshandiswa mowed kuti uswa, uye ari zvinowanzoshandiswa bhiza maberekero.

Chaizvoizvo, zvokudya chirimwa uswa - uswa uyu mhuri ezviyo, dzinoshandiswa mhuka zvokudya purazi. Izvi zvinogona kuva uswa, mutema kupfeka, mafuro, silage kana zviyo.

Vari kupararira pasi pose, kukura zvakakwana mumakondinendi ose, kusanganisira Antarctica. muabhorijini ichi inonzi Antarctic bvudzi uswa, kana Deschampsia Antarctica, uye ru- - wepagore bluegrass. MuRussia, pasi bota zvirimwa unehanya 30% of acreage. Zvinowanzoshandiswa mafuro dzinongoitika uye kushandirwa.

Zvakaoma kuona kukosha ezviyo. Ivo kunobva zvinokosha, inotonhorera chikafu vose zvipfuwo marudzi. Hazvibviri kuumba yakavimbika zvokudya pamusoro asipo kana kuperevedza dzinongoitika nomumatondo uye mafuro, pasina kushandisa yakadyarwa zvokudya rekushongedzesa. In agronomy kushandisa mano avo kuchinja makemikari anoumba ivhu, huchiita uye kuwedzera zvibereko nekutambira zvirimwa.

mhando rekushongedzesa

A mhuri inosimbisa tsanga hunomiririrwa vakawanda mumiti. Vane classifications akawanda:

• Life anotarisirwa:

- Chiedza Chavatendi;

--yakareba;

• nokuda mhando tillering:

- rhizome;

- ryhlokustovye;

- plotnokustovye;

• Nokukwirira uswa:

- Horse;

- poluverhovye;

- the grassroots;

• nokukudziridza pfungwa:

- nemagariro;

- dzesango.

Description bota:

• Hunde. Akadana culm, kazhinji mhango, paradzanisa nodes. Zvikurukuru, nyoro zvinyama neodrevesnevevshaya, asi panewo muti-kufanana chimiro - bamboo. Inokura nokukurumidza, zvinogona kusvika yakakwirira mamita 30.
• Matavi. Inogona vegetative uye rokubereka. Branching Inflorescence mapazi kana tillering.
• Mashizha. Narrow, kazhinji pasina hunde sessile, kuti nyinyo haina kuvharwa. Ibvai mumwe raiva pedyo nebundu mumwe, mumwe nomumwe. Akaronga zviviri pakatarisana mitsara iri hunde.
• Roots. fibrous maitiro zvinobudirira absorbs uye rinoungana mvura uye zvokudya.
• Inflorescence. Kune mhando dzakawanda: panicles, nzeve, nzeve, masa, plumes (Spike panicles). Inflorescence zvachose ine maruva akawanda.
• Flowers. Kazhinji hermaphroditic (ine pistil uye Stamens), asazivikanwa, duku, hapana perianth yakajeka. Vanozviita kana mhepo-mukume.
• Fruit. Akadana weevil (colloquially - zviyo), pericarp asiri kupatsanurwa kubva mbeu, ovary - Single Jack (imwe ovule ndiyo imwe mhango).

Vegetative kubereka kunoitika, mbeu kana kushandisa rhizomes.

perennial

Perennial zvadzinofura uswa dzichikura pamafuro dzinongoitika uye hayfields, anoshandiswa wemisanganiswa. Representatives tyoni, ryegrass, Timoti, brome, beardless, foxtail uye nevamwe. It angabudirira kukura uye zvibereko pamusoro nemwaka akawanda. zviri maererano nokuwanda kwemakore:

• hurefu zviduku - makore 2-3;
• avhareji hurefu - makore 4-5;
• Refu - anopfuura 5 years.

perennial zvadzinofura All rekushongedzesa muchinjikwa pollinating. Wind pollination kuitika mangwanani maawa. Nokuti rekushongedzesa randinenge ndiye osypaemost mbeu.

Annual

Annual zvadzinofura rekushongedzesa kurarama rimwe gore. The vamiririri boka iri miti zvinosanganisira kutya, chibage, Sudan uswa, wepagore ryegrass, parera mapfunde, mhunga, oats nevamwe.

Vanowanzoororwa zvadyarwa murwiyo wemisanganiswa, akadai mhunga nokuda silage ikohwewe. Sudan uswa anopa rakaisvonaka zvibereko uswa rurefu mapuroteni kugutsikana. Vhunduka vaudzewo pachayo iri nemamiriro zvakasvibirira bhandi. Vanotanga kuchenesa panguva ejection ose panicles, kudyiwa nevanhu ose kurima. mhuka neshiri.

nyati

Zvadzinofura rekushongedzesa zvinogona dzomusango. zvirimwa aya rinoparadzirwa iri inowanzorimwa uye masango inowanzorimwa zvikamu. Ndivo mumwe chikuru mhando zvokudya, kwete chete nokuda mhuka purazi, asiwo ungulates dzomusango. Fibrous midzi yakavimbika anochengeta pasi, kuchengeta guru expanses ose inowanzorimwa kwayo kwepakutanga chimiro.