Yakawanda mapoka muHondo Yenyika II. 33 yakawanda yokuzviparadzanisa, yokuzviparadzanisa yakawanda 63, 53 Hondo

Kubvira panguva Khrushchev "nyungudika" Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika wakanyatsodzidza pautsva uye "cultured" kusvikira nhasi chete "yaityisa nokuvhundusa" ngano. Uyu ngano pamusoro sei chipingamupinyi Unit, pakutanga kusikwa yakajeka, anonzwisisa uye vakadzikama chinangwa, zvino ikava chinokatyamadza kufirimu.

Chii?

Nyaya yokudana mumwe inotungamirwa ichi uto riri kujeka chaizvo, rinoti, Inter Alia, kuti "kuita mamwe mabasa ari mumwe kwemauto nechemberi." By ichi unogona kunzwisisa kunyange paumbwe imwe yoga platoon unokudzwa. Vose murwiyo uye uwandu mabasa yakawanda mapoka ose hondo akachinja kakawanda. Apo wokutanga zvekudzivira kukupfura?

Nhoroondo chiitiko

Zvinofanira kurangarirwa kuti muna 1941 kunozivikanwa NKVD dziya huviri zvakasiyana zvinhu: Committee Internal Affairs uye Department of State Security (NKGB). Counterintelligence, uye uko vakaenda mapoka, zvakanzi vakakosa kubva Commissariat pamusoro Affairs Internal. Pakapera July 1941 akanga wakabudiswa chaiyo rinoratidza basa munguva yehondo, uye ipapo paumbwe chaiwo zvikamu.

Panguva iyoyo yokutanga chaizvo kuzvidzivirira Unit hwagadzwa, ane basa raiva kusunga navashanduki uye "zvinhu kufungira" pedyo mberi. No "kodzero kuuraya" mapoka aya akanga asina, vaikwanisa chete kuchengeta "chinhu" akateverwa pamahombekombe ipapo takapfugama tikanyengetera kwaari kuzviremera.

Zvakare, kana vaviri dhipatimendi vakabatana zvakare, kuzvidzivirira yokuzviparadzanisa vakapfuura pasi chepasi pasi NKVD. Asi kunyange ipapo, "zvakavanakira" chaiyo haana kuitwa: Órgãos nhengo kunosunga navashanduki. In chaihwo Muzviitiko, izvo zvinosanganisira chete reuto kurwisa kune Zvikamu, vakanga kodzero vaizopfurwa. Mukuwedzera, chaiwo mauto vaifanira kurwa vatengesi, mbwende, alarmist. Dzinozivikanwa hurongwa NKVD nhamba 00941 kubva 19.07.1941 Panguva iyoyo akanga akamiswa anokosha makambani uye battalions, aigarira kubudikidza nevarwi NKVD.

Chii basa ravanoita?

Zviri izvi yakawanda mapoka muHondo Yenyika II rakaita zvikuru rinokosha. Zvakare, hapana "vakawanda vaiurayiwa" kwavo utongi haana: Data zviumbu anofanira kumisa kuzvidzivirira kudzivirira kurwiswa German uye kunonoka navashanduki kubva kuyambuka kuongorora zviremera inotevera maawa 12 (!).

Kana munhu akango- lagged shure nhengo dzayo (kuti yaiva nyaya dzose muna 1941), izvozvo, zvakare, hapana vapfurwa. Muchiitiko chino, paiva maviri kuita: kana musoja akatumira chete chikamu, kana (kakawanda) ivo kusimbisa padyo reuto.

Mukuwedzera, yakawanda mapoka Munyika War II zvange zviri "Sefa" iyo akapfuura vanhu vakapukunyuka kubva muchiGerman pakutapwa, uye vanhu vari pamberi mumutsara, vane uchapupu husingarambiki. A mhosva apo Boka German vasori ane Akabata boka ... clip! Commandants akacherechedza kuti "seconded nemauto eSoviet" pamusoro magwaro (yakanaka, nenzira) vaiva Clip itsva Stainless simbi! Saka hakusi zvakakodzera nokuongorora varwi yomunyika nevarwi mhondi uye sadists. Uye zvakaita nokuti dzinomirira zvinyorwa zvakawanda ano ...

The kurwisa banditry uye basa yechi33 mapoka

Chimwe mabasa ayo zvimwe "kanganwa" zvimwe Mapato venhau dzakaitika, rakanga pakurwisa banditry, izvo dzimwe nzvimbo vakatora pachena zvakapararira. Saka, somuenzaniso, akaratidza kuva chipingamupinyi unit 33 (Northwest mucheto).

Kunyanya boka dzinounzwa kubva reBaltic Fleet. Nokuti akanga "seconded" kunyange motokari shoma warrior. yokuzviparadzanisa Izvi zvairatidza mumasango wokuEstonia. Mamiriro munzvimbo idzodzo airevesa: kusiya ari munharaunda chikamu kusvika haana, asi hondo iri kutadzisa dzemo vamapoka nevaNazi. zvikwata zvidiki zviri kuramba akarwisa mapoka maduku ravarwi zvavo.

Estonian zviitiko

Pangosvika mutambo paakapinda "yakamanikana nyanzvi" ari NKVD, ivo nokudenha mafungiro revapanduki nokukurumidza radzimwa. Muna July 1941, chete yakawanda mapoka muchirongwa kutsvaira chacho Virtsu, chipped of somugumisiro Red Army counterattack. Uyewo munzira yakanga zvachose rakaparadzwa vakawana revarwi vairinda German. Vakanga neutralized makororo akawanda vakakunda masangano aifarira-yechiFascist muna Tallinn. Yakawanda mapoka vanobatanidzwa ungwaru mabasa. Zvatagara ambotaurwa paumbwe, kuita "nokuda" pakati kuBaltic Fleet, kufurira dzakaonekwa chinzvimbo vokuGermany vane ndege.

Muhondo kuti Tallinn chete mapoka aiitawo chakaomesesa pakurwa, kudzivirirwa (kwete vapfura), iri kuenda varwi uye achirova vokuGermany yemabhuku-kurwisa. Musi waAugust 27, paiva hondo inotyisa, panguva iyo vanhu vedu vakaramba kukanda mikukutu mupikisi. Chete nokuda heroism kwavo kwakaita kuti yakarongeka dzokera shure.

Munguva hondo idzi vakaurayiwa vanopfuura 60% of vashandi yose chipingamupinyi Unit, kusanganisira vehondo. Bvumiranai, ichi hachisi chaizvo rakafanana mufananidzo "youmbwende komendacha" vangandivanzirireiko shure nemasoja. Zvadaro, imwe nokuumbwa chikamu mukurwisa makororo Kronstadt.

Mukuru Directive muna September 1941

Nei zita kudaro chakaipa yakawanda matema? The ndechokuti muna September 1941 aizivikanwa akaoma ezvinhu panguva mberi. It aibvumirwa paumbwe dzinokosha dzakabatana munzvimbo idzodzo, iyo vakaratidza kuva "sagadzikana". Just pavhiki, tsika iyi rapararira kusvika yose mberi. Uye chii, pane mhingaidzo of NKVD mauto vakapfura zviuru zvevarume mhosva? Chokwadika kwete!

Omurume mukuru yokuzviparadzanisa weboka, vaiva motokari nezvombo uye michina mikuru. The huru basa - vachengetedze runyararo, rubatsiro murayiro nhengo. kuzvidzivirira squads Nhengo kodzero kushandiswa zvechiuto zvombo zviitiko apo zvaida kumisa shure kana kubvisa kupfuura kunotyisa alarmists. Asi nyaya hariwanikwi.

mhando

Nokudaro, kwaiva mhando mbiri mapoka: mumwe yaiva varwi NKVD uye navashanduki vanobatwa, uye wechipiri - regai nyanzvi dzakachengeteka. Okupedzisira aiva zvikuru mamiriro, sezvo riine masoja, kwete varwi yomunyika nemauto. Uye kunyange iyi, nhengo dzavo kodzero chete aurayiwe munhu alarmists! Hapana nokusingaperi pakati varwi vavo chirwirangwe haana kupfura! Uyezve, kana nyaya counterattack, kureva "kuzvidzivirira squads Pamhuka" akatora izere brunt yokurega varwi zvakarongeka dzokera shure.

Results basa

Kutonga nezvinoonekwa 1941, nhengo idzi (kunyanya anokudzwa 33 kuzvidzivirira squads) kunge wakavharirwa vanenge 657 364 vanhu. Pamutemo asungwa vanhu 25.878. Kupfurwa mutongo pedare rechiuto 10 201 munhu. All vamwe zvakare akatumira mberi.

Rinokosha reDare yakawanda mapoka ari kudzivirira Moscow. Sezvo kuhondo-vakagadzirira dzakabatana kuchengetedza guta racho nyore waishaiwa, vashandi nemauto NKVD vaiva sezvariri shoma, vaironga gona kuzvidzivirira. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, yakawanda mapoka vakasikwa pamusoro chirongwa zviremera zvemo uye kwemitemo miviri.

July 28, 1942 rinobudisa mwero aiva nomukurumbira kurongeka № 227 maNGOs. Akarayira paakasika yoga dzakabatana shure sagadzikana zvikamu. Sezvaiitwa yapfuura nyaya, masoja aiva nekodzero vaizopfurwa chete vamwe alarmists uye zvikabudura nokuzvidira vakasiya zvinzvimbo zvavo pakurwa. Mauto zvakagoverwa nomwoyo zvakakodzera zvokufambisa, avo chitsauko akapinza kupfuura kukwanisa vehondo. Kwaivawo vakaparadzana yakawanda battalions pamusoro weboka chechetere.

Results ruvengo 63rd mapoka

Pakazosvika pakati-October 1942 amisa 193 wemasoja. Panguva ino vakakwanisa kuchengeta 140.755 Red Army. Vakasungwa 3980 wavo, akapfura 1.189 mauto. Vose takatumwa shtrafchasti. Don uye Stalingrad nharaunda vakanga wakakura zvikuru, pane hwakanyorwa yakawedzerwa uwandu kusungwa uye detentions. Asi ichi -. "Zvinhu" Zvakakosha zvikuru kuti zvikamu izvi vane rubatsiro chaicho nevamwe vavo vari kupfuura dzinonetsa nguva kurwa.

Saka akazvisiyanisa 63 kuzvidzivirira squads (53 Army), achiuya achitsigira mitezo yayo, kuti zvakanga 'seconded ". Iye akamanikidza vokuGermany kumisa inogumbura. Chii mhedziso vanotevera kubva ichi? Chaizvo nyore.

Basa yeimwe izvi mukudzorera kuti yakanga yakakwirira zvikuru, vari zvakare kukwanisa kudzokera shure pamberi vakawanda yevashandi. Saka, kamwe chete 29th Infantry Division, parutivi iyo akakwanisa kuputsa mberi Matangi German mune kunyonganiswa vakatanga shure. Refutenendi NKVD Filatov, musoro dhipatimendi wake kurega kufamba, kuenda navo kuhondo nzvimbo.

In chinotokurudzira kuoma mamiriro ezvinhu yakawanda, pasi murayiro iwoyo Filatov kwakagonesa varwi achirohwa zvikuru Infantry Division kuti mumusiye, pakutanga muhondo nemuvengi erupting, kumumanikidza kuti shure.

Ndivanaani ivavo?

In dzinonetsa ezvinhu, masoja haana kuzoposhera dzavo uye rakanyatsorongwa kudzivirira uye akatungamirira tsamwisa pachavo. Somuenzaniso, nyaya apo 112-fung Infantry Division, mune rinorema kurwisana pashure pokurasikirwa anenge 70% (!) Of vashandi vavo, vakagamuchira kuti shure. Asi, nzvimbo rokuyananisira kuzvidzivirira kukupfura refutenendi Khlystova uyo akatamba nzvimbo kwemazuva mana, zvichiita kusvikira vavabatsire.

A yakafanana naiyoyi - kudzivirira "Imbwa yacho NKVD" Stalingrad yemapurisa. Pasinei nokukura kwayo, izvo zvikuru muduku German, ivo mazuva mashoma kuti abate chinzvimbo uye kumirira rava kusvika rechi10 Infantry Division.

Nokudaro, yakawanda mapoka - mapoka uyu "vokupedzisira mukana." Kana varume Linear chikamu unmotivated kusiya zvinzvimbo zvavo, nhengo dzavo rechiuto yakawanda amira. Kana reuto anotakura unorema kurasikirwa muhondo vane ehondo muvengi, "kakawanda zvipingamupinyi," achivabvumira kudhonzera shure uye pachavo kuramba kurwa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kuti yakawanda mapoka - ichi zviumbu nevarwi USSR, panguva Hondo vachiridza basa "bastions" kuzvidzivirira. Part rinoumbwa NKVD, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, zvinogona mubasa kuziva German nevasori uye uchibata navashanduki. Apo basa ravo rakapera?

End basa

Order yomusi 29 October 1944 yakawanda mapoka emauto akadzingwa mabasa muna Red Army. Kana vashandi vakanga basa kubva migove kwakajairika Linear vari kuumbwa zvakafanana yeimwe. NKVD varwi takatumwa chinokosha "zvinobhururuka squads" vane basa rakanga zvakanangwa mubati matsotsi. Navashanduki vakanga vatova akapotsa haana. Sezvo tsvimbo mapoka vazhinji basa kubva chakanakisisa (!) Masoja nhengo dzawo, vanhu ava aiwanzotuma mamwe zvidzidzo kuumba nomuzongoza mutsva Soviet Army.

Nokudaro, "bloodlust" zvikamu zvakadai - hapana kupfuura ingano benzi uye ngozi, izvo anogumbura kuyeuka vaya akasunungura nyika yakabatwa nemauto eNazi.