Virunga - National Park kuDemocratic Republic of Congo. Description zvinomera uye mhuka. National Parks of Democratic Republic of Congo, mazita

Riri pamuganhu Uganda uye Rwanda iri muCongo, ndiyo imwe UNESCO World Heritage nzvimbo - Virunga. National Park iri mukuru Africa. It chakatasanurwa pamusoro imwe nzvimbo 7800 mativi makiromita, pedyo homonymous boka kuputika dombo riri ruoko rumwe uye akakurumbira nyanza Kivu vamwe. Ndima kunosanganisira nemapani uye mumasango, moors nokumipata, anoputika uye makomo ose Rwenzori makomo ice-akafukidzwa, pristine madhamu uye nemabota rwenze. Icho kumba inopfuura kota yokupona mhando magorira gomo, imwe mhando pangozi kuti twiza - okapi uye nedzimwe mhuka dzakawanda, shiri uye zvirimwa.

The Park

nyika yakakura anofukidza nharaunda kubva Lake Kivu kusvikira Semliki River (pakati kosi) kumadokero chikamu kumuganhu East African munharaunda mhosva. Territory Anotambanudza uye conditionally rakakamurwa sectors zvitatu:

• Northern - makomo chando misoro Rwenzori, ices idzo mumwe chikuru matsime emvura dzichifura Nile; zviri pano murwizi mumupata. Semliki anogona kusangana okapi;
• chakagadzirwa kwemauto zvinosanganisira Lake Edward uye pamapani Ishasha, Rutshuru uye Rwindi, ndiyo huru pakati vakasiyana eshiri nemhuka, kusanganisira guru vanhu kuti nzou, mvuu, etc.
• Southern kwemauto zvinosanganisira kuputika mabota rwenze reNyiragongo Nyamuragira uye izvo zvinoshanda, uyewo mamwe makomo Virunga cheni; dzakawanda nzvimbo yakafukidzwa masango gobvu vari kumusha magorira gomo uye dzimwe mhando tsoko zhinji.

Facts kubva munhoroondo Park

Kokutanga vane pristine hunhu chinhu sezvo kuzivikanwa nhasi sezvo Virunga (National Park panguva), vakasangana muna 1902, yokuGermany mauto mukuru O. Bering, uyo panguva dzose yokuvhima pedyo pegomo gorira akauraya Sabino hukuru guru kwazvo. Kare zvaifungwa kuti vagare pano asingagoni. Hunter akataura kuti chinhu chitsva rudzi, saka akatuma mhuka musayendisiti aurayiwa marangwanda muGermany. Achienzanisa anatomi ari anozivikanwa mhando primates kubva Africa uye kutumira zvinhu, vakawana morphological kusiyana 34 points. pashure pegore, mhuka yakanga chakarondedzerwa mutsvakurudzi Paul waMaki, asi akatevera 20 makore basa riri kudzidza mumwe subspecies idzva rakamira. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa maererano zvakaoma geopolitical mamiriro ezvinhu uye hainyatsozivikanwi mamiriro mundima.

Muna 1921 akaenda kugomo rwendo inotungamirwa American taxidermist uye zvakasikwa muvezi Karlom Eykli. Akagamuchira mhuka shanu makazara kuti miziyamu, asi chikuru mugumisiro vose ake basa haana mariri. Zvepasi zvikuru magorira akadzidza vazhinji maitiro, akawana kuti kurarama kugadzikana mhuri mumapoka vakatapwa angangova kurasika pasina hama dzavo. Akazotaura uye kuti nhamba yavo haisi rukuru saka mhuka vanoda kudzivirirwa uye kuchengetedzwa dzinongoitika nzvimbo. Tinogona kutaura kuti izvi zvakanga kutanga pokugadzwa chinzvimbo chinokosha dzinongoitika nzvimbo sezvo Virunga. National Park yakavhurwa muna 1925 uye panguva iyoyo akaberekera zita King Albert. miganhu yayo anotsanangurwa Eykli pachake zvinosanganisira zvose nzvimbo inogarwa magorira. zita rayo yokupedzisira mupaka inowanikwa 1969, anenge makore gumi pashure kuwana rusununguko Congo.

Species yemhuka zviri kuchengeterwa

Mujinga paki uye kuchengetedza waro zvakabatana chaizvo pamwe mugomo magorira sezvazviri, zvichida, chikuru vagari, yakadzivirirwa pamwe chakazara kutarisirwa uye kuvhunduka panguva imwe. Vari kuda kutsakatika. nomupiro Great kuti zvakasikwa akaita D. Fossey akaurayiwa kwemutemo mupaki muna 1985. Uyezve chiito pamusoro kuchengeteka anoverengeka marudzi rubatsiro kugadzirisa dambudziko, asi idzva kurwisana nemauto muna 2008 kwakaita kuti kupambwa kudzimbahwe kuchengetedzwa nzvimbo. Magorira ramangwana rakanga kamwe zvakare pasi pangozi kubva pamwero mukuru kwemiti. Wandei kwaitwa, uye zvose dzomusango zvavo. nzvimbo kudzivirirwa, kunyanya masango nemapani - musha nyati uye nzou, twiza, chimupanze, warthogs, antelopes, shumba, ingwe, etc. of Congo - .. The nyika chete munyika umo okapi anorarama (yaifananidzira pazasi) - hoofed bhabhadzira wemhuri giraffidae.

Kuwanda okapi riri chaizvo musingazivi, sezvo mhuka pachivande chaizvo uye nyara, asi ine kufungidzira uri 10 kusvika 20 zviuru vanhu. History of kuwanikwa chakafanana rava rinenge huru zoological manzwiro remakore rechi20. Okapi - mugari mumasango uye dzinofambiswa zvakananga mashizha saka vachishingaira kutema miti kuwana iye kwete chete pamusha, asi chikafu. Uye kutambura kwevanhu zviito kwete chete mhuka idzi. Kwemakore 45 nhamba mvuu yave yakaderera nezvikamu ka30, nyati - muna 40 African Bush Elephant - 10.

Birds uye zvinokambaira

In Nokuwanda kwakaita Reserve runouyisa anopfuura 800 eshiri, 25 vavo endemic paMhedziso pose haagoni kuwana zvakare. Pedyo nemvura uye marshes, unogona kuona cormorants, bitterns, ibises, skimmer, darters, nekondo, warblers, kitoglavov vamiririri ploceidae. In Highland dzine inogarwa zvisingawanzoitiki mhando dzakadai sunbirdkuva Rockefeller pestrogrudka guru, bananoedy uye blackbirds Oberlander. Of vamiririri mukirasi nezvinokambaira kunowanzoitwa kuwanikwa pythons, muchatiza, ari Jameson mamba mámba, dema mikukutu nekusvipirwa nechiva, Nile Monitor uye garwe, yakabuda zvakare mu mvura Semliki River kudaro kare.

Vagari nzizi uye madhamu

Nokunenge guru chaizvo pamepu, Lake Edward Of ose mitumbi makuru mvura muAfrica ndiye rakadzika. The nzvimbo yaro mvura pamusoro - anenge 2325 mativi makiromita, riri imwe kukwira pamusoro 920 metres. Kunonyanyisa udzamu wakagarira mukati 12 metres, asi chaizvoizvo avhareji -. 17 M kudzika, saka regai kusiyana guru chaizvo siyana hove, kunyanya hunodzorwa rudzi kubva mhuri cichlids. Vane wakakura zvakawanda hukuru - kubva 2.5 cm kusvika 1 M - uye muviri zvitarisiko. Zvisinei, ayo chikuru vagari vari chinhu asi hove uye mvuu (ona mufananidzo. Kumusoro), vaitungamirira Semi-hwemvura mararamiro. mhuka Huge (yairema matani 4) pamwe mutizi nemafungiro, uye hunhu "bhowa" kunze utsinye, zvakare, muri vava kuda kutsakatika. Kweinenge hafu yezana remakore, nhamba yavo ungaderedza anenge 95% vanobvuma kuti inotyisa nhamba. nyama mhuka yagara achishandiswa veko zvokudya, uye tusks ayo vaikoshesa kupfuura nzou tusks, nei kune zvakapararira poaching.

muriwo nyika

The kuchengeterwa panozosvika ndiyo siyana chaizvo. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nechokwadi chokuti Virunga - National Park, iri vakayambukira nokuda biogeographic zvikamu zvinoverengeka. On nharaunda mune zvinopfuura 2000 marudzi zvinomera. Foothill nemipata ndiyo nzvimbo mutemo miriwo kubva undersized kusvikira kumusoro, kana rekutanga akatonga zviyo, akadai Imperata cylindrica. Panewo miti chete: .. Gingerbread muti Adanson, BAOBAB, etc. shrub nemapani uye AZHUTHA Anonyanyowanika akazara omuakasia uye Combretum, izvo kunyanya vazhinji pedyo Lake Edward. The romumhenderekedzo yegungwa mapazi kwakakurumbira nhokwe, zvakajairika rutsanga, nutsedge. Zvishoma nezvishoma ne mapani uye gobvu kwegore risingapindiki achinaya mvura, kunyanya mu nechekuchamhembe, hafu riri kumusoro 1800-2300 M pamusoro pegungwa. Pane ari kukura mhuka musi chanza, yemishenjere, uye pamusoro 3000 mamita - Heath, Erica arborea, nogoplodnik uye nevamwe.

anoputika Park

Kumaodzanyemba mupaki iri ubatanidzwewo nomungoro mabota enyika kuputika Virunga massif. Iye ichipfuura munharaunda munyika nhatu, kukwirira kwayo - 4,5? Km. rine cheni gomo anoputika sere, vaviri izvo dziri muCongo. Lava rwenze aumba somugumisiro ravo vanoshingaira basa, pashure richisvika pemvura yakawanda basalt dhaka. Nyamuragira rinoputika ichaongororwa kuti zvikuru mubasa kondinendi yose. Sezvo akatanga kuti akataurwa kuputika kwakaitika 35 nguva. Lava rwenze gara imwe nzvimbo 1.5 ba. M. ? km. Wechipiri achishingaira Leaf - reNyiragongo (yaifananidzira pamusoro), kubva 1882 kusvika pemvura dhaka kwakatanga 34 nguva. Chinonyanya rinoita basa hwakanyorwa muna 1977, zvakanga zvisiri pasina munhu vakatambudzwa.

kudzivirira magorira

Zvirimwa zvakawanda nemhuka Virunga kuchengeterwa hadziwanzowaniki kana endemic, asi pfungwa ichiri pamusoro magorira gomo, idzo Parizvino mungozi kutsakatika. Mamiriro rakaoma nenzira dzose kurwisana nezvombo munzvimbo. Magandanga uye kunze kwemutemo kuuraya kwete chete mhuka asi rangers. Saka, muna 2007, mumwe chete zuva akauraya mhuri yose magorira mune vanhu vashanu. Mumakore achangopfuura, mamiriro ezvinhu akavandudzika zvishoma, kukonzerwa kuti vakazvitsaurira basa rangers uyo chaizvoizvo upenyu hwavo pangozi kuti achengetedze ichi dzinongoitika nharaunda. Zvose izvi, Chokwadi, zvinoda yose guta inivhesitimendi. Part rinobva World Wide Fund kuti hunhu, mumwe zvinoenderana anobva toerisme indasitiri uye mamiriro pachayo. Nokushingaira kubatsira paki uye masangano akazvimirira oga. Vatungamiri vakagadzirira kugamuchira chero zvinoita rubatsiro nguva dzose - kubva zvinhu uye zvokudya anotamisa mari. Nepaunogona napo kupinda kusanganisira pakuvaka yemagetsi noruzhowa, izvo zvinoita kuti kudzivirira kudzivirirwa dzakadaro kubva kupindira kuti kunze kwemutemo uye vamwe vaenzi vasingadiwi.

kudzivirira nzou

Ava guru, simba uye vakangwara chaizvo mhuka, oddly zvakakwana, zviri nyore chaizvo. Forest nzou, pamwe gomo magorira anganzi huru vagari Virunga paki. Zvisiri pamutemo kutengesa mu vaikuripira nenyanga dzenzou nomuti kukonzera zvakakomba kuvadza nevanhu mhuka idzi. Park gamekeeper akatendeukira rubatsiro kune yose, vakagadzirira kubatana pakurwisa kwemutemo, asi zvinoda pfuti uye yunifomu, midziyo. upenyu anokosha mhuka neimwe, mari yakawanda inopedzwa kusanganisira kuti pakurapa vakakuvadzwa uye kuremadzwa. Masayendisiti dzakaratidza kuti mhuka kubatwa post-Kunetseka nyonganyonga, zvakafanana nezvinoitika muvanhu. Kuwedzera kurapwa, nzou vanoda vapore, kana vanova nehasha, kusagadzikana mupfungwa uye zvakaipa zvose makwai yose.

Dogs-trackers

Bloodhound imbwa erudzi anozivikanwa nokuda rakaisvonaka kunhuhwidza uye kukwanisa udavlivat muhwezva. Mhuka anokwanisa kuona zvinodiwa kunhuhwirira vamwe mamiriyoni mashanu, zvokubatsira kuti arambe vanhu, kunyange munzvimbo dzakaoma. Mundima paki iri rakakura uye dzakasiyana kwazvo Nzvimbo: makomo (Ruwenzori, Virunga), mabota nenzvimbo dzakakwirira, mapani nemapani, anezvimiti uye madhamu. Zvakakosha kuti kuunganidza zvose nehwemweya kuti achengetedze ichi yakasiyana nhindi zvakasikwa. rutoto chirongwa uye kushandiswa imbwa iri Virunga Park kudzivirira uye sezvo bloodhounds akatungamirirwa Dr. Marlene Zahner. Zvinangwa zvayo nenzira ipi, saka kushanda pamwe chete zvikwata vanhu uye Bloodhound unoshanda chaizvo uye anobatsira.

Other mumapaki emarudzi Democratic Republic of Congo

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti munzvimbo zvachose kuchengetedzwa kugara 15% of zvachose nzvimbo munyika, vazhinji vavo, kuti zita chete inokosha uye nzwisisika.

1. Garamba - paki iri kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva mamiriro, mumwe mukuru Africa, munharaunda - 4480 mativi mamita. ? km. Kuchamhembe ndeyevanyori nemapani nomumatondo pamwe rekushongedzesa varefu, pedyo rwezasi, ivo ne pasi dondo kutanga uye ipapo maberere uye anogara achinaya mvura. Mupaki makore mashomanana apfuura ndairarama rakasiyana maonero - kuchamhembe chena Rhino. Zvino kune vatatu chete vanhu zvipenyu izvi, vanorarama zvokuKenya chengetedza.
2. Upemba - kuchengeterwa, riri pamusoro Kibar rwenze uye kuva nzvimbo 11,73 ba .. ? km. Chakazarurwa 1939, asi nhasi vose nemhuka kuti kurarama mairi, vasina kudzidza, uye vamwe, zvichida, hauna nesayenzi. Flora inosanganisira vanenge 1800 marudzi.
3. Kahuzi-Biega - a buffer rwokushanyira nyika muna kumaodzanyemba. Mhandara masango anogara achinaya akatambanudza mujinga vaviri yakatotsakatika anoputika, randakapiwa zita kunzvimbo ino. Area 6 ba. M. ? km. Uyu ndiwo mumwe okupedzisira nzvimbo inogarwa zvisingawanzoitiki mhando primates - yokumabvazuva neyamapani gorira, vagari saizi - vanhu 250 chete.

Virunga - National Park, iri nyika mepu chete rinovaima Red dot. nzvimbo yake saka chokwadi uye kusagadzikana, kutyisidzira kurasikirwa kwehumunhu nemamwe dzinongoitika zvinhu uye mazana mhando mhuka neshiri.