Vagari of Voronezh nharaunda. Kuwanda kwevanhu of Voronezh nharaunda

Voronezh dunhu - nharaunda ine inonakidza nyaya uye kukuru kwenzanga zvinogona. Kunobudirira uye inogona kuenderera mberi zvose nzvimbo - dzevanhu kupfuma. The mubvunzo unomuka: izvo vagari Voronezh nharaunda zvinopa zvoupfumi kutsiga nharaunda? Funga unhu uye wevanotungamirira zvechadenga vagere munharaunda.

The nenzvimbo nzvimbo Voronezh nharaunda

In pakati East European Plain iri Voronezh nharaunda. nzvimbo yacho 52.000 mativi makiromita, uye ndiyo nzvimbo 51 ndipo pakati zvose kumatunhu Russia. Nharaunda ine yakakodzera chaizvo nzvimbo, nepano munhu muzvizhinji pakufamba nevezvokutengeserana dzaibatanidza kumatunhu akasiyana-siyana Russia uye dzimwe nyika. Vavakidzani pedyo ndivo Voronezh nharaunda, Rostov, Tambov, Saratov, Kursk, Volgograd, Lipetsk, Belgorod Oblast uye Ukraine. Rokuyamura Nharaunda vagara vandifungira zvinhu zvakadai Mid uye Kalach Upland uye Oka-Don pachena. Nyika nemumakomo, pamwe yakawanda hova, dzakawanda nharaunda inogarwa rakaorera munzvimbo dzevatema. Nharaunda iri munzvimbo ine mvura yakawanda. The chikuru Rwizi nedunhu - Don, uye pano inopfuura 700 ine makungwa nenzizi duku 1,300. Quite zvakanaka mararamiro vakabatsira chokuti pano vakatanga mangwanani chaizvo kugadzirisa vanhu vadzidze pasi.

Climate

Voronezh Region ane unozvidzora Continental ekunze. The wegore paavhareji tembiricha munzvimbo 5 inegumi. muna inodziya yechirimo, dzimwe nguva yakaoma, paavhareji, mumwe lämpömittari akaramba chiratidzo 20 mumwedzi yezhizha. Winters vari refu zvakakwana, zvakawanda nesinou. Avhareji tembiricha iri -9 madhigirii panguva ino yegore. Nharaunda iri kuchengetwa zvakajeka pamwaka zvakasiyana. Kazhinji, nguva gore Voronezh uwirirane mukarenda nemwaka.

Voronezh nharaunda, vanhu kare dzakashandisa mamiriro okunze mudunhu. All mikuru zvaanorumbidza vanonzi wakaiswa mune zvakaitika National muchimiro zvirevo, uye kuda. Kunyange zvazvo mamiriro ezvinhu munharaunda haagoni kunzi kwazvo rokunyaradza kuti vapenyu uye zvokurima, asi zviri zvikuru munyoro. Naizvozvo, hapana refu vakatanga vanhu vararame.

Check History

Wokutanga kupaka vanhu munharaunda ano Voronezh nharaunda, maererano vanochera matongo, musi shure Paleolithic nguva. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti izvi ndiwo mukuru nemisha dzevanhu panyika yose Russia ano. zvidzidzo Anthropological dzinoratidza kuti makore 37,000 apfuura, vanhu vaigara pano kuvaRungu.

Mune Bronze Age, idzi vakagara nevamiririri Abashevo netsika, kuita mombe maberekero. Mune Iron Age, nzvimbo idzi vari nhaka vaSitiya, uye gare gare vari yatsiviwa Sarmatians. Muzana remakore rechi9, nyika ano Voronezh nharaunda kuuya madzinza necheSalvic. Kubva panguva Mongol nechisimba pano isu takasiya zvakawanda pazvikomo uye zvisaririra zvezvivako temberi. Kana tsika uye dzinza vasanganise necheSalvic uye anongofamba tsika dzine dzinokosha subethnos - Cossacks.

Kubvira muzana remakore rechi16 nhoroondo yacho zvakanaka rakanyorwawo. Muna 1585 Voronezh sezvo nhare kurindira miganhu umambo Moscow rakaumbwa. On idzi kusvikira muzana remakore rechi17 mberi vachirwisa wechiTatar madzinza, saka vagere munzvimbo akawedzera kukosha muchiuto kugona uye rinokosha hunhu. Munguva Peter Voronezh Mukuru akava guta dzematunhu, nzvimbo iri sohunobishairira dzakabudirira uye nevakabva. Kubvira muzana remakore rechi18 vanhu of Voronezh nharaunda inokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Munharaunda akatora Zvinoshingaira muhondo dzose Russian. MuHondo Yenyika II, rinorema kurwisana pamusoro idzi. Muna 1957, ivo Voronezh nharaunda yawana iyezvino miganhu.

administrative kupesana

Munhau yacho, nharaunda rave zvaiswa pasi siyana kuedza administrative kupesana. Chikamu chiri munyika kuti akapa vamwe kunzvimbo, zvinouya shure. Kubvira 2006, vagari venyika Voronezh nharaunda vanogara 534 makanzuru. 3 vavo - zviri dzomumaguta maruwa, 29 - guta, 471 - uye 31 nemisha - matunhu neminisiparati nzvimbo.

The simba zvokuwedzera

Kugara richiona nezvezvabuda nhamba vagere nharaunda kutangira muna 1897. Kakawanda kuyerwa dzakasiyana, asi vanobvumira kuti kuona kuti vanhu vomunharaunda Voronezh dzinenge nguva dzose rave nekaupenyu kugadzikana. Chete pakutanga kwezana rechi19 uye rechi20 emakore, yakanga yakati rakapinza kuwedzera nhamba vagari, hazvina kukonzerwa nokuchinja Uwandu Hwevanhu, uye pamwe redistribution munyika pakati kumatunhu. Pashure peHondo Yenyika II, nezvikonzero pachena, nhamba vagari yakaderera nezvikamu miriyoni. Munguva Soviet, takaona nokufamba kwenhamba: kubva mamiriyoni 2.3 muna 1959 kusvika mamiriyoni 2,5 muna 1970.

Panguva perestroika ukaonekwa shoma shanduko kwenhamba yacho vagari: vanenge chiuru shoma vanhu yakanaka uye kunaka divi. Muzana remakore rechi21, kunyanya Vagari mudunhu ipfupi. Chete muna 2010 uye 2015, zvakanaka kuitika zvakacherechedzwa. Nhasi vanhu of Voronezh nharaunda iri vanhu 2.333.000.

Ethnic sezvamunoita uye mutauro

Key National nzvimbo vagari - Russian. Maererano kudunhu kuna 2010 vaverengwe, musha 90% yevanhu vanozviti Russian. Kuwanda mamwe madzinza akagoverwa sezvinotevera: Ukrainian - anenge 2%, Armenian - 0,4%, Uzbeks uye Tajiks iri mari inenge 0,15%, mamwe marudzi - asingasviki 1% neimwe. Pasinei chokwadi kuti vakawanda vaigara munzvimbo vanozviti Russian, mumutauro, hunhu zvivako, tsika, kunounza pokudzora Ukrainian rudzi. Nharaunda musha rinokosha kumaodzanyemba bazi vanhu Russian. A wandei basa iri tsika Cossacks, iyo assimilates Russian uye Ukrainian tsika yacho. Vamwe nguva kare, mune nokuwedzera aibuda vanotama kubva Central Asia yaiitwa, asi nhasi azvaiitwa havana kuchikosha nezvainoita madzinza Zvinoumba vemo. Zvisinei, kutama fuma pamatunhu zvakakwana, vanhu 13 zviuru pagore.

kuparadzirwa VOKUPARIDZIRA

Vazhinji vanogara munzvimbo uchagara mumaguta, uye muitiro mutsva kukura omumaguta vakawanda mberi. Nhasi, 67% yevanhu vari pasi iyi Federation vanogara mumaguta. Kana iwe unotonga guta Voronezh mudunhu tichitarisa vemo, guru ndiro guta guru - ine vanhu zvishoma vanopfuura mamiriyoni 1. Mamwe guta riri duku zvikuru maererano vemo. Munzvimbo dzose 3 nemisha, izvo kumba vanopfuura zviuru 50 vanhu: Rossosh Liski uye Borisoglebsk. Kubva 20 kusvika zviuru 35 Vagari akanyorwa mumaguta 7. Nzvimbo idzi dziri zvishoma pakazvimba, kudhonza vanhu vanobva mumisha iri pedyo. Nokudaro, vanhu Pavlovsk Voronezh streek zvachose vanhu vanhu 25 zviuru pagore inokura vanopfuura 500 vanhu. Nharaunda rave anononoka rutapudzo mumaruwa yawo.

arambe achirema zvokuwedzera

Voronezh nharaunda, avhareji yevanhu arambe achirema vanhu 44,7 chete mativi kiromita, zvinotora pamusoro nhandare yacho 21-fung nzvimbo muRussia. Iri panzvimbo yakakwirira mufananidzo, kunyanya kana ukafunga kuti vanhu kunyanya vanogara mumataundi maduku kusvikira vanhu zviuru 20. Yakakwirira arambe achirema chavagari Voronezh nharaunda nokuda vakawanda namagariro uye mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka vapenyu.

Gender zvechadenga VOKUPARIDZIRA

Population mukadzi ari Voronezh nharaunda iri sezvinotevera: uwandu kwevakadzi avhareji kupfuura vanhu, musi 200 zviuru. Kana reshiyo ichi pakuberekwa varume vacheche uye vasikana ndiyo 1,2. Uye vava pamudyandigere, nhamba iyi kunosiyana-siyana iri pakatarisana kutungamirira 1.5. The disproportion vachifarira vakadzi, izvo maitire yose nyika, munzvimbo inoramba ichiwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, munenge 0.1% pagore.

Age vokuparidzira unhu

Age Kusiyanisa pakati Vagari nharaunda iri sezvinotevera:

• uwandu vagari pasi makore 15 - 330 zviuru vanhu;
• kushanda-zera vemo - 1,375,000 vanhu;
• vagari kushanda zera - 626 zviuru vanhu.

zera iri Kusiyanisa rinoti ose akagwinya munhu munzvimbo iri kupa mumwe 0,8 murume asi iye amene, ndiyo refu kwazvo wevanotungamirira mutoro.

wevanotungamirira unhu

Kubereka - chinokosha yokuona nayo dzinoongorora socio-upfumi pakukura mudunhu. Muna Voronezh nharaunda vanhu 11 muzana zviuru vagari. Mumakore achangopfuura, nhamba iri kuwedzera zvishoma, kubudikidza 0.2 pagore. Asi zvakakodzera uye kuwedzera chokubereka yaiitwa. Vanofa, kusiyana, inoratidza simba kukura mumakore achangodarika, kufa anenge 15,7 vanhu. zvose chiuru vagari. Kunyange zvazvo hwenyama kana tichifunga kwenguva refu, mamiriro ezvinhu anochinja. The nhamba yevanofa shoma mumakore 10 kusvika 3 muzana zviuru vagari. Asi apo hunofa mberi nokuberekwa unodiwa. Panguva iyo vanhu mumaguta Voronezh nharaunda kunoratidzwa yakaderera pakuberekwa rates richikura hunofa madhorobha kukura kuri kungotaurwa nokuda yokutama.

Life anotarisirwa, asi mumwe chokukomborerwa socio-upfumi kubudirira nharaunda, muna Voronezh mudunhu iri kukura. Zviri avhareji yemakore 70,1 varume - 64,7 vakadzi - 77,1. Maererano indekisi ichi Voronezh nharaunda anopindura yechi25 nzvimbo kuRussia, chakanaka chaizvo.

basa

The zvakanaka kwevanhu inopiwa zvinobudirira kutanga uye kushanda upfumi. Muna Voronezh nharaunda nokuderera urovha uye nokuwedzera basa. Paavhareji, kuti urovha mwero iri 4.4%, izvo zvishoma kupfuura omunyika munharaunda.

Munzvimbo pane mukuru basa vagari mune zvokurima, kugadzira uye basa Mazinga.