The zvinokonzera hondo Russian-Turkish (1877-1878 gg.) Uye nemigumisiro yayo

Zvakawanda zvinokonzera hondo Russian-Turkish ari (1877-1878 gg.) Kwakaita Kuti pakutanga kanga pakati umambo maviri muBalkan Peninsula. Akanga nechirevo zvinokosha kuti necheSalvic vanhu nharaunda.

perennial yokurwisana

Uchifunga zvinokonzera hondo wokuRussia-Turkish (1877-1878 gg.), Zvinofanira akati kuti kurwisana pakati masimba maviri aya aiva akwegura uye zvakadzama kuti ose dzose yokurwisana nezvombo rakava musoro kuenderera ane emakore yairwisana pamambo Sultan. Kubvira ipapo, ari XVII remakore, inoti izvi zvaiva muganhu zvakajairika, ivo ndaingogara pamusoro penyika uye pfuma.

In tsere ichi Turkey kakawanda vakatambura kukundwa, achipa Romanov dunhu itsva - .. Ukrainian inowanzorimwa, Moldavian hugota, etc. The Kusara raiva Crimean Hondo 1853-1856, apo hweTurkey vakatsigira masimba dzokuMadokero European pachena, achitya nokunyanyisa nokusimbaradza Russia. . Nicholas ndakafa akashaya munzira dzakawanda kubva mupfungwa chokuita nemauto ayo kukundwa.

Mwanakomana wamambo wemufi, Alexander II akakwanisa kupedza hondo achibatsirwa kukuru nedzenyu nokuedza, achienda mikuru tobvuma kuti muvengi mubatanidzwa. Asi kunyange Chibvumirano 1856 akapa vimbiso kuti ropa haangavi kutanga zvakare. The zvinokonzera hondo Russian-Turkish (1877-1878 gg.) Alexander akaita makore akawanda gare gare zvakare kuenda pavanotaurirana pamwe hweOttoman Empire.

Kudzvinyirirwa Balkan Slavs

Panopera yacho Crimean War, mune rimwe pfungwa yacho Paris Peace Treaty, Turkey anovimbisa wakaenzana vaMuslim uye dzechiKristu Vagari venyika. Rakanga chimwe chezvinhu chakasimba kupokanidzana pakati hweOttoman Empire uye navamwe Europe.

The vokuTurkey vaiva vaMuslim, asi nomusi Balkan mundima ehurumende akararama necheSalvic ruzhinji - vokuSerbia, vokuCroatia, Montenegrins uye vokuBulgaria. All izvi vanhu vaizviti vaKristu. Saka, kurwisana pakati pavo uye titular rudzi aipfeka yenyika, asi confessional hunhu kwete chete.

The zvinokonzera hondo Russian-Turkish (1877-1878 gg.) Ko chaiwo dzisakarurama nzvimbo vokuBulgaria. All Balkan necheSalvic vanhu akatarira mambo St. Petersburg somunhu mudziviriri ayo zvido nguva dzose uye akakumbira rubatsiro rwake.

Hatigoni kutaura kuti Sultan uye ake hurumende dzaiva shure mhirizhonga vaKristu. Zvisinei, hurumende yakatarisana kurwisana kwakadaro mukati munyika kuburikidza nemimwe ake uye haana kurambidza vaMuslim vanodzvinyirira vokuBulgaria uye mamwe madzinza vashoma.

Pakutanga mashoko XIX remakore kubva Turkey "akatsemura" Greece. The nyika yawana kuzvitonga pashure pemakore hondo ropa. Asi emakore akazotevera hweOttoman Empire akaramba kudzora vamwe munzvimbo kuchine nevaGiriki vaigara.

Nokuda kwaizvozvi, ari 1860s pachitsuwa cheKrete aiva wokusunungurwa kumukira, iyo noutsinye akanga woutsinye. Saka, zvinokonzera hondo 1877-1878 Russian-wokuTurkey. It nhema chaiyo iri pakuti hweOttoman Empire vasingagoni kurarama zvayo zvapfuura miganhu, apo kwete pamusoro kodzero dzakawanda Balkan avanhu.

Gorchakov kuti unyanzvi

Alexander II akava mambo kana Russia chakarasikirwa ari Crimean War. Aifanira kuenda zvisingafadzi. nyika. Kunyange zvazvo nyika haina asisina ndima, yeGungwa Dema rengarava rakaparadzwa, uye vachiramba maererano kondirakiti. For St. Petersburg izvi zvakanga kuzvinyadzisa. Mambo mutsva vagadzwa pambiru gurukota Affairs Foreign rwakaona Wenyika Alexander Gorchakov. Vazhinji kare funga kwaari "jena mufundisi" wokuRussia vatorwa wokuti yaitonga.

The chevaux uye Gorchakov akatanga kugadzirira zvisingadzivisiki kuwedzera ukama pamwe hweTurkey uye hondo kuuya. MuRussia, norugare nguva yakapfuura dzakawanda kuchinja: Kurambwa serfdom, kuchinja muchiuto uye upfumi. All zviyero izvi kusanganisira vanofanira kubatsira modernize zvipfuwo muchiuto.

Prussia Union

Mushure masimba European vakatsigira Turkey pachena muna Crimean War, akare nedzenyu navo vakava zvisingabviri. The chete yakabatana St. Petersburg akava Berlin. Panguva ino, Mambo Prussia nokukurumidza vakabatana Germany, Achida kuumba chete National umambo. mupikisi ake aiva Austria. Habsburg youmambo, rakatonga kuVienna, vanotiwo vari kubatana kwakaita Germany pasi ake murayiro, asi vakakundwa pakurwisana pamusoro Hohenzollern.

Muna 1870, Prussia akakunda France muna Hondo nharaunda yeAlsace uye Lorraine. Kubudirira uku akabvumira Mambo Prussia kuzivisa kusikwa Germany Empire, izvo zvinosanganisirawo diki kwavabati vakawanda German. France aiva mumwe guarantors yokuvimbika hweOttoman Empire. Russia uye Germany kunge vakabatana nedzenyu mberi, vachitsvaka kumanikidza Paris kusiya kuzvipira kwavo kuna Sultan. Hurongwa ichi unonyatsoshanda. Uyezve, Russia yava kamwe zvakare akahwina kodzero kuvaka ngarava muGungwa Dema.

Bulgarian chimurenga

Nokukurumidza vamiriri Russian akamuka carte Blanche kuti neevamwe hweOttoman Empire. Nedambudziko nechekumashure, zvikonzero hondo Russian-Turkish (1877-1878 gg.), Uyewo chibvumirano masimba European. Panguva iyoyo nyika rusununguko yemuna muBulgaria.

Janissaries zvikuru vaibata kwete chete anopamba, asi vanhuwo zvavo. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei Russian-Turkish War (1877-1878). Results of yemuna sei nokukurumidza. Russia akazivisa hondo hweOttoman Empire, vakatsigira Orthodox vokuBulgaria uyo akakumbira rubatsiro kuna mambo. Mumakore maviri apfuura pamahombekombe Danube akaenda ropa nebope pakati wemauto munyika idzi.

magumisiro makakatanwa

Kuziva ndezvipi zvikonzero hondo Russian-Turkish (1877-1878 gg.), Unogona kufungidzira nyore chii ndokuguma. Hondo Alexander II akakunda maMoziremu uye akatyisidzira kuti Istanbul. Sultan aifanira kushandisa nezvibvumirano.

Muna 1878 iri San Stefano runyararo chibvumirano chakanga yakasainwa. Maererano naye, Romania, Serbia neMontenegro vakava yakazvimirira inoti. VokuBulgaria vakapiwa wakafara kuzvionera. Nokukurumidza, de facto, ivo vakabva pasi wenharaunda yaitongwa Istanbul. Russia akabatana Bessarabia uye Kars nharaunda muSouth eCaucasus.