The President uye hurumende France

Chii nemamiriro Government French? Chii masimba anoita purezidhendi State? On izvi nemimwe mibvunzo yakawanda ichapindurwa munyaya ino.

The Hurumende French: neimwewo muchidimbu

Constitution French zvinoreva ne "hurumende," zviviri zvinokosha: wehurumende uye vashumiri. Vashumiri ikashandiswa muzvikwata zviviri: kuti Council of Vashumiri - vachitungamirirwa President uye Cabinet - pasi utungamiriri Prime Minister. Uye musoro Government French, uye vamwe vashumiri vose neMutungamiriri weNyika weFrance zvakananga.

Kubva epamutemo nemaonero, pakusarudza mutungamiri hazvikonzerwi nechimwe chinhu uye hakungoitwi: kunogona kuiganhura Prime Minister munhu. Zvisinei, pamaitiro, zvose zvinoitika zvishoma zvakasiyana. Saka, purezidhendi anosarudza, somunhu ushe, ave mutungamiriri pakati vakawanda kumeso. Zvikasadaro, pane kazhinji asatenderwe Paramende: pamusoro zvemitemo matanho, zvirongwa, uye zvichingodaro ..

Kushaya vashumiri uyewo rinoitwa President. Zvisinei, izvi zvinoitika chete mvumo yacho Prime Minister.

Pamusoro Institute of French Government basa dzeparamende

Articles 49 uye 50 reMitemo wokuFrance akatanga dzakananga urongwa basa reparamende. Chii uye sei kwazvinoita kuhurumende? The chikuru mutemo nyika prescribes kuti French wehurumende anofanira kukurumidza kushandisa kwavo wenyika kurizaina. Zvisinei, izvi zvinofanira kuitika chete mune zvimwe zviitiko, kusanganisira zvinotevera:

• The National Assembly vachabva "nenera chisarudzo."
• The National Assembly akaramba kubvuma purogiramu hurumende kana mukuru mashoko itsika.

Pakarepo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kusiya basa rechiFrench Prime Minister, nguva dzose kunosanganisira kuva yokusiya rakazara yose Cabinet. Chakandibatsira sezvo chokuzvidira yokusiya of Prime Minister, uye vanomanikidzwa.

The yose nzira pamusoro apa ndiwo chaiwo muenzaniso emamiriro macheki uye pachiyero. Ndiro sangano mutoro yeparamende.

Hurumende France sezvo Institute of zvemitemo chirongwa

Maererano French Constitution, hurumende ndiyo tsika huru kuti pave nenhamba yakakura kwazvo zvemitemo matanho. Mukusiyana, zvakafanana muParamende, zvinoti France, hurumende anokwanisa kuti ape zvikwereti zvakadaro, iyo ichaitwa vose zvokukura ari zvemitemo kwacho uye zvakasimba akasimbiswa muchimiro mitemo.

It unobereka nezvemarudzi maviri chikuru mabhiri: mitemo nezvakatongwa. Zvisungo mabasa akakosha mitemo agoverwa. Mirayiro vane hunhu vanonzi zviremera pamutemo: maererano Art. 37 reMitemo, mibvunzo Zvingava yaidzorwa hunhu, pasinei ndechokuti havafaniri kuwira mukati kutsanangurwa mutemo.

On basa French Prime Minister

French Prime Minister ndiye, sezvo kare ambotaurwa pamusoro apa, President of Government. Article 21 reMitemo French asimbisa ayo chinzvimbo uye masimba makuru, kusanganisira:

• Hurumende utungamiri;
• kudzora National kudzivirira (mu iyi Prime Minister anonyatsofarira mutoro);
• yatevedzerwa mutemo;
• Implementation of pamutemo masimba;
• kugadzwa vamwe zvehondo kana sevhiriyeni zvinzvimbo.

Kuwedzera kune vose pamusoro, wehurumende anokwanisa kutora dzakasiyana-siyana zviri pamutemo uye normative mabasa. The Vashumiri, akavapindurawo, vanokwanisa vakadaro mabasa kontrassignirovat. Izvi anosimbisa nyaya 22 reMitemo weFrance.

The President uye Prime Minister: Zano ukama

Sezvakaitika Russia, purezidhendi French uye wehurumende - wokutanga uye munhu wechipiri hurumende. Saka kuti hapana kupesana kana zvimwe zvinetso muFrance akasimbisa mazano maviri ukama pakati enyika maviri. Kureva, mumwe nomumwe nematunhu?

Chokutanga anonzi "De Gaulle -. Debré" In kwayo Chaizvoizvo zviri nyore. The hurongwa kunosanganisira aifarira-vemutungamiri ruzhinji muna National Assembly. Uyezve Prime Minister uye hurumende havana nepurogiramu mukati uye akazvimirira enyika. mabasa avo ose raitungamirwa musoro wehurumende uye paramende.

Chirongwa chechipiri anonzi hurongwa "kohabitatsii" kana zano "Mitterrand-Chirac". Musimboti chirongwa ichi - paumbwe imwe kupikiswa yeparamende ruzhinji. Basa purezidhendi - kusarudza kubva kuti ruzhinji Prime Minister. Somugumisiro, izvozvo vakaumba anonakidza maitiro: purezidhendi uye wehurumende vari vakwikwidzi, nekuti ivo, chokwadi, zvirongwa zviviri zvakasiyana. Domestic nyaya rwakaita kuti Council of Vashumiri; vatorwa negwaro hunodzorwa musoro wehurumende.

Chokwadi, wechipiri kwava kakawanda nani uye zvakanyanya. Uchapupu ichi vazhinji, asi unogona kuguma mumwe uye chinonyanya kukosha: yakaenzanirana makwikwi uye kurwira zvematongerwo manhengatenga ndiyo inenge nguva kunoita kuti vafambire mberi.

Zvokungoitawo hurumende muFrance: 1944-1946 gg.

Kuti kuva akajeka uye chaiyoiyo kunzwisisa sei hurumende anoshanda France, tinogona kumbotipa somuenzaniso ezvinhu zvokungoitawo hurumende, yakaumbwa muna Rechina Republic.

Kusikwa zvokungoitawo hurumende yakanga August 30, 1944. Akatungamirira risingaoneki, General Sharl De Goll, mutungamiri uye weDare "Free French". A zvinoshamisa chepfungwa hurumende yakanga kuti zvaisanganisira kupfuura fungidzira uye chaizvo akasiyana: asi Socialist, Democrats Christian, vaKomonisiti uye nevamwe vakawanda. A nhevedzano akasiyana socio-kwezvoupfumi kunoparirwa, iyo mureza kurarama munyika wamuka yekudyidzana. Zvinokosha kutaura pamusoro kuitwa muna September 1946 imwe Constitution itsva.

President French: hurongwa hwesarudzo

Wakabata pamwechete kuti, chii vari masimba hurumende France uye chii marongerwo chine, zvakakodzera kuenda rakatevera mubvunzo uri mutungamiri French.

Musoro wehurumende akasarudzwa nevanhu vakawanda zvakananga sarudzo. The rokuti muhofisi yemutungamiri ndeyevanyori makore mashanu, pamwe chete uye chete munhu haasi kukwanisa kubata utungamiriri pamusoro akatevedzana mashoko anopfuura maviri. The musarudzo anofanira kuva nemakore anenge 23 okuberekwa. The candidacy inofanira mvumo akasanangurwa vakuru. Musarudzo iri dzaidzidziswa voruzhinji hurongwa, muna 2 nezvishoma. Ruzhinji anofanira dhayira inotevera purezidhendi France. Hurumende inozivisa sarudzo uye uyewo rinopedzisa navo.

Kana mutungamiri wenyika mangwanani vanodimbura masimba avo, anova neMutevedzeri weMutungamiriri weSeneti. Mabasa munhu zviri zvishoma shoma; hazvisi vanokwanisa, kunyanya wokuparadza National Assembly, danai referendum kana kushandura Dare zvokudya.

President of misha kwacho

High Court of Justice anoita chisarudzo pamusoro kubviswa kubva purezidhendi masimba ake. Zvinonzi wakaiswa mu Article 68 rechiFrench reMitemo. Kutaura zvazviri, kwakadaro nzira ndiyo impeachment of President. Mukuru hwaro purezidhendi kuti kutsvetera kwake romukova - kukundikana kuteerera mabasa avo kana kuti kuita, kwete pamwe chete murayiro. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kuratidza kusavimba musoro wehurumende, rinogona kushumira hurumende.

paramende French, kana pane mumwe makamuri ayo, parura kusikwa uye chaishanda Mukuru Chamber. Panyaya iyi, vamwe mukamuri dzeparamende anofanira kutsigira chisarudzo rokutanga. Zvinoitika chete zvose kana kuti chirongwa zvakaitwa-zvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu mavhoti dzeparamende. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chisarudzo High Court uchapinda simba pakarepo.

President wenyika kutapata

Imwe nyaya inofanira zvachose kubata - ichi kutapata wenyika. Kuti iye muFrance? Maererano nyaya 67 reMitemo, purezidhendi anosunungurwa kubva kuita kuti zviito zvose zvavakaita navo pambiru. Uyezve, panguva kuurayiwa masimba musoro wehurumende ane kodzero kuva chero French matare kupa uchapupu. Kutonga, kutsvakurudza, kuunganidza forensic mashoko - uyu zvose hazvifaniri kubata musoro wehurumende panguva aurayiwe masimba aro.

The mutungamiri French yave, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuva kusiya kusunga. Zvisinei, kutapata iri pfupi uye kunogona yakaturikwa mwedzi mumwe pashure kuwedzera purezidhendi mabasa ake. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kutapata hairevi kuti International Criminal Court. Mutungamiri French haasi kuvanda kubva kudanwa panguva iyi. Kugadzirisa ichi chinzvimbo 68 uye 532 rechiFrench reMitemo.

"Personal" masimba purezidhendi France

Zviri, pakupedzisira, pamusoro mabasa uye masimba musoro French mamiriro huru. Vose vari mapoka mapoka maviri: pachavo uye vakagoverana. Chii chinoratidzwa masimba pachedu? Havazivi zvinoda mushumiri countersign, uye, naizvozvo, purezidhendi anokwanisa kuita navo zvavo uye pachake. Heano huru pano dzinosanganisira:

• The President anoita se mugoveri uye rubatso. Rinoreva chinangwa referendamu, kusaina kuti chisungo, kugadzwa nhengo nhatu Council, uye zvichingodaro. D. In ichi zvose, ari President inofanira achibatsirwa nomudzimu Higher Council of vatongi.
• President interacts pamwe siyana miviri enyika nemasangano. Parliament, matare (kuyananisa, yepamutemo, dzakawanda), hurumende - France dzokwenyu kuti mitumbi zvose izvi musoro wehurumende anosungirwa kuramba kutaura. Kunyanya, President vanofanira kubata mashoko kuna Paramende ugadze Prime Minister, kuungana neDare Vashumiri, uye zvichingodaro. D.
• Musoro wehurumende vanosungirwa kutora zvose zvakafanira chiito kudzivisa dambudziko. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuitwa zvashata masimba (ichi hwakagara kodzero Art. 16 reMitemo). Zvisinei, purezidhendi vanosungirwa kubvunza miviri dzakadai hurumende French (ayo sezvamunoita inofanira wakakwana), paramende, kuti Constitutional Council, uye vamwe.

"Shared" masimba purezidhendi France

"Shared" masimba weNyika, kusiyana "pachake" zvaanoitawo kontrassignirovaniya nevafundisi. Chii mitoro musoro wehurumende zvinogona kupatsanurwa?

• Vashandi masimba, kana kuti paumbwe hurumende yeFrance. Yatova pachena, ndiwo kugadzwa sachigaro hurumende uye vashumiri.
• The kusaina kuti nemitemo uye mirayiro.
• Sheedzera inoshamisa pachirongwa yeparamende.
• Kugadzwa referendamu uye kudzora kwaro kuuraya.
• Vachitaura nyaya dzakawanda ukama uye kudzivirira.
• Promulgation (Bhuku) mitemo.
• Decision iri ngoni.