The pemvura makakatanwa

The pose Makakatanwa emura - ari ukoshi riri zvakakwana zvakarurama inechirevo kukwanisa kuderedza Urume uye izvo akayera simba pamusoro makakatanwa, vane simba pamusoro chikwata urefu mutsetse, riri pamusoro pemvura nemvura. Pakadaro, kana ukuru muganhu urefu nemvura pamusoro chichange akasarudzwa sezvo L uye pose kukakavadzana pakati firimu, iyo anoita pamusoro pamuganhu ichi, - F, saka, pose Makakatanwa kukosha kuva sezvinotevera:

σ = F / L

pamusoro Makakatanwa Name kunoratidzwa N / m. Tembiricha yepamusoro, rezasi ari σ chaiko wakachena mvura.

Mhedzisiro yacho asymmetry vehondo ezvinhu kusakarongeka pakati yezwi rukoko pamwe mamorekuru kuti zvinovakomberedza, ndiye pfungwa nokuvapo kuipa uye tangential mauto pachinhu inowanikwa. Masimba aya kuchikosha kukanganisa yezwi rukoko yacho Morekuru. Ndivo samolecular kumanikidzwa mauto uye pose makakatanwa pakati maitikiro.

The kutsamira of coefficient σ pamberi nouipi siyana

pamusoro makakatanwa mauto nechokuita zvakananga samolecular nekuita anogona kutora zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokosha kuti mvura zvakasiyana. In mvura kuti ipfungaire yakanaka chaizvo (doro, benzene, Eteri) chezvinonhuwira pemvura makakatanwa hakusi kwakaenzana kuti mvura dzisiri kugadzikana. Pakutanga tikaisa grid pamusoro hydrometer, uye ipapo kusiyira mariri mumvura. Nokuda rizere afoot, kuti hydrometer ngauitwe pane imwe kudzika. Uchiteverwa dzichingochururuka zvishoma Eteri pamusoro afoot, pashure izvo hydrometer pakarepo agomuka kubva mvura.

The coefficient pamusoro pemvura kusawirirana mvura iri chokuita huwandu nouipi mumvura. Pamusoro pemvura iri akaisa diki banzurwa kubva mutambo. Zvadaro, mvura ichiramba sipo. Pashure imwe nguva zvichiita kuti vachengete kufamba banzurwa kumucheto mudziyo kubva sipo. Somugumisiro, mumwe anogona kugumisa kuti pose makakatanwa zvingaderedzwa nokushandisa sipo. Kana isu kuwedzera fuma zvakasiyana chaivo basa (mushonga wemazino, sipo, detergents), kuti pose kunetsana uchaderedzwa. Zvadaro, kana uchida kuwana Maronda akasiyana, nei vanhu wedzera sipo?

Vazhinji vedu vanofunga kuti, nemhaka sipo chinoumba σ inowedzerawo. Kutaura zvazviri, chete izvozvo zvinoderedza mwero pamusoro kusawirirana kuti anenge mumwe wechitatu kukosha σ mvura yakachena. Zvinonzi kuzivikanwa kuti tensile sipo firimu zvinoderedza wevasungwa sipo mamorekuru pamusoro pemvura, pose makakatanwa inowedzerawo. Somugumisiro, achifuridzirwa sipo sefuro zvakasimbisa simba pfungwa uye regai kutambanudza mberi. Uyezve, nemhaka sipo mvura haishaikwi, saka, shoko rokuti "upenyu" yacho dundira inowedzerawo.

Zvino ngatishonge ichi chiitiko: akaisa shuga zvihwitsi mumvura. Izvi zvichaita kuti ndechokuti banzurwa kuchaita kuti zvihwitsi. Mhedziso yakajeka: pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu shuga chezvinonhuwira pemvura makakatanwa inowedzerawo.

How kuziva coefficient pamusoro σ kuburikidza capillaries?

Kuti aite izvi, nyore rayo ruzivo mhando unofanira kuva midziyo shoma nemvura uye capillaries.

The rirambe richibvira kunodiwa kuti tikarega mumudziyo nemvura, uye ipapo uyere kukwirira nokusimudza Urume. Next, mumwe rirambe richibvira anoiswa mukati soapy mvura, pashure iyo Nokusimudzwa kukwirira kunoyerwa mvura mvura. chinhu σ kunogona kuwanikwa kubva runoenzanirana payakavakirwa:

σ = ρgdh / 4

Next kuenzaniswa coefficients pamusoro pemvura makakatanwa pamusoro dzakasiyana siyana mvura.