Terephthalic asidhi: namakemikari ehupfumi, kugadzirira uye kushanda

Vamiririri anokosha polycarboxylic zvinonhuwirira yeimwe vari phthalic asidhi nomukaka anomiririrwa zvimwe isomers - ortho-isomer (zvakananga, phthalic acid), Meta-isomer (isophthalic acid) uye ya-isomer (terephthalic). Zvose boka iri zvinhu inoshandiswa zvikuru muna siyana maindasitiri minda.

Terephthalic asidhi - wakachena Hauoneki crystalline upfu yakawanikwa mune zvakaitwa mvura danho oxidation kuti paraxylene pamberi cobalt munyu projecting catalysts. Nesungano pakati nefuma siyana alcohols kunotungamirira nokuumbwa kwemakemikari kungatowedzera kuti Esteri boka. The Kudeuka hunoshanda kushanda dimethyl terephthalate.

Terephthalic asidhi zvakare kushanda kuti kwetunhu polyethylene terephthalate (PET) - munhu läpinäkyvä kupisa nemishonga polymer yakawanikwa pedyo polycondensation maitiro chete ethylene glycol. Zvino kubva ibereke epurasitiki hombodo, polyester fibers terilenovoy Group, nani kuzivikanwa pasi zita "polyester", uyewo zvakasiyana-siyana kavha midziyo zvokudya indasitiri, zvemagetsi zvinoriumba uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvokushandisa.

Maererano zvavo makemikari ehupfumi zvakafanana terephthalic iine acid monocarboxylic akakura. Iye ari kudziyisa kana pasi pokudzora, ainzi dehydrating zvinhu nyore rinoumbwa munyu, esters, kunzwisisa samolecular mamiriro, anhydrides, amides, dzakadai mapoka rimwe kana maviri carboxyl. Terephthalic asidhi uyewo anopinda esterification maitiro, somugumisiro iyo mono- uye diesters vari aumba. Pamusoro kudziyisa of crystalline zvokunyama kuti tembiricha madhigirii asingasviki mazana maviri kuchengetwa decarboxylation kwete kupa yeimwe ine zvishoma nhamba hwemapoka carboxyl. Zvisinei, zvakaitwa muna electrophilic kuzvitsinhanisa deactivate mhete tanga mberi tanetseka chaizvo.

Phthalic asidhi sezvingatarisirwa kuwanikwa uswa ruvara yemiti uye Poppy mbeu pods. Of nomukaka ayo anokosha yeimwe dibutyl neEteri uye dimethyl phthalate, dzinoshandiswa plasticizers pamusoro cellulose zvigadzirwa, vinyl Polymers uye rubbers. Uyewo, dimethyl, diethyl uye dibutyl phthalate zvinokosha zvinoumba nomushonga wezvipembenene siyana.

Isophthalic asidhi zvinowanzodavirwa chinoshandiswa zvaAtemisi unsaturated polyester Inogadzirwa nemasiridzi anobuda mumiti. Sezvo isophthalates ndivo vakaisvonaka plasticizers. Zvisinei, chikuru kushanda benzenepolycarboxylic boka yeimwe rine asi terephthalic acid, iro rinoshandiswa nokuda kwetunhu zvinokosha zvinhu nokuti indasitiri sezvo polyethylene terephthalate uye dimethyl terephthalate. Vari akashandiswa zvaAtemisi mabhandi akasiyana zvenhengo tambo, conveyor mabhandi, mambure hove, maseiri, naVaMnangagwa, trawls, peturu uye nefteustoychivyh hoses, fasteners "mheni", hungiso sensei rackets, uye zvakawanda. Uyezve, kumeso Whitehead Textile yakapfava umo kweShanduro fuma kushandiswa, yakabereka Jerseys, siyana zvinyama (music, tweed, satin, etc.), machira zvigadzirwa, raincoat, amburera uye inoita zvokuvakisa, Shirts, masokisi, zvipfeko zvevana etc.

Mukugumisa, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvose zvinovava benzenepolycarboxylic akatevedzana vari zvikuru nehasha uye zvine chepfu. Saka, nguva dzose vasiyana Material Safety Data Sheet, iro rinotaura zvose zvivako uye maitiro mukomboni, uyewo nzira uye mitemo kushanda navo.