Shale gasi - mamwe tsime simba uye matambudziko

Shale gasi rudzi negasi, izvozvo rinoumbwa runonyanya pamusoro methane uye kusimbiswa shales.

Shale dombo rinonzi kumbopeta akawanda akaturikidzana noku neyamapani tembiricha zvicherwa (chlorite, sericite, actinolite, muscovite, et unto.).

matombo aya mamirire kukwanisa nyore rwakakamukana matete dzichiumbwa nzvimbo (vateresi) pakati iyo rinoungana shale gasi.

vateresi akazvimirira vasina kupfuma gasi reserves, asi, zvakadaro, vane yakakwana kuronga dzokutengesa kugadzirwa.

Shale deposits dzawanikwa ose kondinendi, kuti nyika inogona kuita chero dzisiri kugadzikana, kupa zvakakodzera zvinhu.

Extraction izvi gasi mutengo kumusoro nokuti kuti pakutanga rakanga chokuita kuvhurika nzvimbo huru, vachishandisa hydraulic fracturing technology (hydraulic dura) uye kugara kuchera refu maburi vazhinji, nokusika mavari mitswi kuti gasi kupomba.

gasi kugadzirwa

Yokutanga vezvokutengeserana kugadzirwa gasi kubva shale deposits muUnited States vakaita.

Gare gare hwakavandudzika ano, tichibatanidza kutwasuka uye zvido zvevanhu kuchera, izvo kwakaderedza mutengo gasi.

Nhasi shale gasi anobudiswa neZvapupu kuita kuchera matsime kutwasuka kana zvido zvevanhu vachishandisa multiotvodov panguva kudzika uye multistage matsime (chinjikira) Panguva nzira yokubudisa kusvika makiromita matatu.

Technology rinopa shale gasi jekiseni matsime akachera mune musanganiswa mvura, jecha uye nemakemikari. Water sando kunoitika, iyo inotanga pasi gasi gungwa pamadziro, iyo anobvumira kupomba kusvika panyika yose iripo gasi.

Horizontal Drilling zvemichina anoshandisa nzira itsva unyanzvi 3DGEO zvizivikanwe nemichina Modelling, izvo rinobatanidza zvidzidzo Geological uye Mapping pamwe kombiyuta kubudiswa mashoko, kusanganisira Visualization.

Horizontal tsime Drilling yaifanira pamwe kunyatsoomerera panyaya dzose mitemo Somuenzaniso, yakarurama kuchera yorusvingo vanofanira kuenzaniswa pakona kuti zvinodiwa shale inotungamirwa.

Shale gasi chinokosha

Mari negasi Kugadzirwa vagara vandifungira zviratidzo zvakadai:

- zviri dzakaoma sand dzevhu, iro anokwanisa kupinza nesimba pakakuvara, iyo anowedzera uwandu mishonga inoshandiswa uye kukanganisa mutengo;

- sarufa yakasviba (nechepazasi usanganidzo mwero rwesarufa yakasviba gasi kunowedzera mwero iri Implementation);

- kerogen gutsikana;

- inogadzirwa mari mukati merima shales uye thermally simba enzvimbo Paleozoic uye Mesozoic kumwedzi;

- chinoratidza zviri silica (yepamusoro zviri, ndipo pfava shale uye kudzikisa mutengo).

zvakanakira kugadzirwa

- kukura shale deposits kushandisa Fracturing anogona kuitwa munzvimbo dzine vanhu vakawanda;

- minda napedyo shale gasi kugumisa vanoshandisa;

- kugadzirwa anomhanya pasina kusunungurwa girinihausi magasi.

kutadza

- pamwe hydraulic fracturing zvemichina kunoda yakawanda mvura pedyo munda Urume kwakasvibiswa uye zvakaoma kuti kuraswa;

- shale matsime zvisinganyanyi yakasimba pakushandisa pane kwakajairika;

- akachera matsime kuderedza kuerera mwero nokukurumidza - ne 30-40% pagore;

- dzokubvisa shale gasi, achishandisa anenge 85 chepfu vamiririri, kunyange chaiwo nhamba dziri zvakavanzika;

- the dzokubudisa pamusoro methane gasi zviri akarasika, iyo inowedzera girinihausi kwepasi ;

- profitability okuwana rakakodzera chete pamberi soro gasi rates kudiwa;

- rekare shale deposits vane yakakwirira kwevari wegamma mwaranzi, izvo inowedzera kumashure nemwaranzi somugumisiro pakakuvara.

Environmental uye shale gasi

Kana shale gasi chiri huripo zvemichina haagoni kuva musoro pane zvakasikwa.

Zvisinei, pamwe nokungwarira kudzora zvakatipoteredza gasi dzokubudisa kubva mafuta shale zvinogoneka munzvimbo dzakati vakawanda.