Tembere tembere here? Nhoroondo uye yemazuva ano yezvivako zvechitendero zvekare zvisati zvaitika

Mhedzisiro iyo iyo inogona kuitika kutonga kuti tsika dzechihedheni chaiyo dzechihedheni dzaiitwa sei munharaunda yeRussia kusati kwatemwa kwechiKristu chisina kupona zvikuru. Kunyanya, masayendisiti haazivi zvishoma nezverongwa hwezvivakwa zvekare zvechitendero chechihedheni. Izvo zvinyorwa zvekare zvekare zvechiSlavic, kusanganiswa kwemitemo yemarudzi akasiyana-siyana akange aripo kune imwe nzvimbo munharaunda dzenguva dzakasiyana-siyana, zvinonyadzisa kutsvakurudza. Zvisinei, munguva ichangopfuura, nekuda kwechido chinowedzera munhau yekare isati yavaKristu yenyika yedu, masayendisiti akakwanisa kuwana zvakawanda zvakawanda zvitsva panyaya iyi.

The temple open

Chokutanga, ngatitariseii tembere yechihedheni? Ichi chimwe chezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemuitiro wekare hwechiKristu, chinangwa chaicho chakanga chiri kutaurirana kwakananga kwevanhu nevanamwari vakakwirira. Chaizvoizvo, kuvakwa kwetemberi kwakaoma kutumidza, sezvo yakamiriririra chivharo kana kuti chakakomberedza mupulisa mumhepo, kazhinji yakakombwa nemhepo. Panguva imwe chete mukati maro kwaiva chifananidzo cheumwari ihwohwo, mukuremekedzwa kwaive yakagadzirirwa.

Kazhinji kereke yechihedheni yemhando iyi yakanga iri kure nemisha nemisha. Vanotsvakurudza vanowanzowana nzvimbo dzakadaro dzechitendero pamisoro yezvikomo, pakati pemasango, matope, nezvimwe. Kureba kwendenderedzwa kunogona kuva makumi emakumi emamita. Mumakwenzi, moto wezvibayiro wakanga wakabviswa, uye pamiganhu yawo wakaiswa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinhu zvitsvene (matombo, mbiru). Dai temberi yakanga yakatsaurirwa kuna vanamwari vakawanda, zvifananidzo zvavo zvaigona kuiswa pamwe chete nechepakati. Zvimwe zvinhu zvorudzi urwu zvinodanwa nemasayendisiti masvingo mashoma, sezvo akakomberedzwa nechemberi.

Tembere mutembere

VaSlav vaiitawo tsika dzavo mumatemberi chaiwo (kubva pashoko rokuti "mansion"). Muchikamu chimwe nechimwe chakadai pane temberi. Zita iri rakava chikamu chetemberi, iri seri kweatari. Zvidhori zvaiwanzoiswa pano. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, temberi pachayo inonzi temberi. Kazhinji kazhinji, zvivako izvi zvine ruvara rwakazara. Zvisinei, vanochera matongo vakawana uye zvivako zvakakura.

Zviwanikwa zvecherachesi munharaunda yekare yeRussia

Sezvatotaurwa, uchapupu hwezvinyorwa uye zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa, izvo zvinobvumira mumwe kutonga kuti masangano eSlavic akavakirwa sei kune vamwe vamwari akafanana, akachengetwa zvishoma. Zvizivikanwi zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa kare zviitiko ndeye Kiev nePersian Slavic matemberi. Yokupedzisira yakatsaurirwa kuna mwari weSlavic wehondo Perun. Akazvigadzira pamirairo yaChris Vladimir panguva yekuchinja kwechihedheni muna 980. Archaeologists akachengetwa chikamu chekudzorera chimiro chepakutanga. Chinhu chacho chakanga chava pedyo nepepakati yakakwana uye yakareba mamita 21. Yakapoteredzwa nayo yaiva moat wemamita yakadzika.

Nezvekugadzirisa kwakadai sematemberi ekare muKiev, pano, inenge isina zviwanikwa zvekuchera matongo zvakaitwa. Uye izvi hazvishamisi. Mushure mezvose, nharaunda yairi iko yakashandiswa zvakasimba kwemazana emakore akawanda. Uye hazvigoneki kuti zvinhu zvakawanda zvakare zvechitendero chekare zvingadai zvakapona mumusoro wehurumende yechiKristu.

VaSlavic vanamwari

Saka, takaona kuti temberi iri, chaizvoizvo, tembere yechihedheni, iri mumhepo kana kuti inomiririra chivakwa chechitendero. Kana iri nyaya chaiye yekunamata yeavo vakashanyira nzvimbo idzi tsvene mumazuva ekare - vamwari veSlavic, zvino zvishoma zvingazivikanwa pamusoro pavo. Munguva yekuvandudzwa kwakaitwa naChris Vladimir, Dazhdbog, Khors, Stribog, Makosh naShemargl, vakatungamirirwa naPerun, vakaiswa mumatunhu emashure makuru. Zvifananidzo zvavo zvakamira pedyo neimba yemuchinda pagomo reKiev. VaSlav vokuMabvazuva vanoremekedzwa uye mumwe mwari - Veles. Mu "Tale ye Bygone Makore", kunze kwezvifananidzo izvi, vamwe vanotaurwa: Lada, Kupala, Kolyada, Povzdiz.

MaSlavic zvidhori

Zvidhori zveSlavic zvaiva anthropomorphic (humanoid) mifananidzo yemapuranga inenge mamiriyoni maviri nemashanu pakureba. Pasi, danda rakadaro ringangodaro kana rakatenderera kana quadrangular. Muruoko rwake rworudyi, Mwari anogona kubata munondo, chindori kana runyanga. Dzimwe nguva maoko eMwari akayambuka pachifuva. Icho chakanaka kazhinji chaive chiri pamusoro pekuruboshwe. Mamwe mazvinyorwa anotaura kuvepo kwezvifananidzo zvakaitwa nemamwe zvinhu - mhangura, marble, ndarama kana sirivha. Vanochera matongo uye zvivezwa zvakavezwa zvakavezwa.

Zvitsvene zvitsvene

Nzira yezvihedheni zvechihedheni inowanikwa zvikuru pakusarudzwa kwekutaura kwakanaka kwekutaurirana nemasimba ezvisikwa. Muzvimwe zviitiko zvakaitika panguva ino kana panguva iyoyo yegore, vahedheni vakaona kuda kwemasimba makuru. Nokudaro, vaSlav vakanyatsogadziridzwa nzira yekunamatira nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana - matanda, miti, matombo, matsime, makungwa, matope, nezvimwe.

Nokudaro, temberi inzvimbo iyo mitambo yakatsaurirwa kuna vamwari vechihedheni yaiitwa. Izvo zvivakwa zvekare, zvisati zvapona kusvika nhasi, zvakave zviratidzo zvemachechi emazuva ano. Kunyanya, vamwe vanotsvakurudza vanotaura mberi kwekufungidzira kuti machechi eOrthodox ane misoro akawanda, pamwe chete neyemagadzirirwo akaita seoctagon, ane mhedheni yekare yechihedheni.