New Orleans Jazz nhoroondo, vatambi. Jazz mumhanzi

1917 munyika yakachinja uye kuti zvakadini kuva nhangaruvazhe. Kana Russian Empire, iye kwakaratidzwa echimurenga zviitiko France Felix Félix d'Herelle akarizarurirwa bacteriophage, uye muNew York yokutanga echimurenga Jazz album hwakanyorwa mune kurekodha Studio kuti Victor. Raiva New Orleans Jazz, kunyange zvazvo vatambi vaiva vaimbi chena, uyo kubva pauduku vakanzwa uye raida aida "mumhanzi dema". ndiro ravo Original Dixieland Jazz Band achakurumidza kuparadzira nomukurumbira uye zvinodhura mumaresitorendi. Muchidimbu, New Orleans Jazz, asunungurwa kubva zvidzidzo rezasi, akakunda yakakwirira munzanga uye zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kuonekwa mimhanzi vepamusoro. Zvisinei, runoonekwa sechinhu zvakadaro nhasi.

Chii Jazz?

Izvi Genre mimhanzi rakaumbwa kwakavakirwa mimhanzi yaunonyanya varanda vatema vakanga nechisimba zvifambiswe kuti kuAmerica kushumira vasimi chena. Naizvozvo, kwenguva yakareba Jazz mumhanzi kwainzi vakaderera rudzi. Kunyange pashure pokunge awana kukurumbira iri chena American muvanhu, muNazi Germany, Somuenzaniso, zvakanga rairambidzwa nokuti aionekwa kondakita Negro-Jewish dissonant cacophony. Mune USSR, hazvina yavewo rakarambidzwa kwenguva refu, sezvo "pamusoro" aidavira kuti chomurevereri kuti Bourgeois mararamiro, uyewo mumiririri-kondakita wokudzora.

Features

Traditional Jazz anogona zvakanaka kunzi echimurenga music, nekuti manyorerwo ichi ndicho "shasha" rwayo. No marimba Genre harioneki nenzira paumbwe nezvipingamupinyi zvakawanda kudaro uye ematongerwo. Jazz vatambi vaiva vagare kuti kodzero chokuvapo nzvimbo yavo pasi pezuva. Kokutanga, vakanga vasingakwanisi kuonekwa pamberi navanopinda vateereri, havasi kupa zvakawanda yokuitira uye nhandare. Zvisinei, ichi ndicho chimwe, uye zvichida zvimwe zvakanaka. Pakati Fans mimhanzi iyi haisi anongoitika vanhu. Fans vechokwadi akatora Jazz senzira mafungiro uye upenyu zvavo. Jazz - imwe improvisation, ndizvo rusununguko! Murume ane shoma maonero, mureza pamuviri upenyu havagoni kunzwisisa chii New Orleans jazz. Kunyanya nhema vake chokwadi kuti ane chaizvo vateereri kwayo. Nguva dzose chinopenya, akangwara uye hwakapfuma pakunamata vanhu, vanokoshesa unhu uye zvinoreva mimhanzi.

New Orleans Jazz nhoroondo

Izvi manyorero mimhanzi akaberekwa ari panosangana rechi19 uye rechi20 emakore, somugumisiro kwemapazi African uye European mumhanzi. Varanda vakanga akaendeswa kuAmerica kubva Africa, vapristi, mamishinari kuchiKristu, akavadzidzisa kuimba nziyo. Avo miksirovali navo nenziyo dzavo dzechitendero "spirituals". In ichi marimba coctail rainge vakapinda neapo motifs dzaiva nevakawanda mumativi ose World Itsva. Kuwedzera kuenderana ngoma uye Zviridzwa zvaishandiswa uye kugadzirwa akodhiyoni. The Music Zvishoma nezvishoma akakunda tsitsi uye vaimbi chena New Orleans, uye somugumisiro izvi zvose, sezvo dzatoona, wokutanga gramophone chinyorwa pamwe mimhanzi Jazz Style yakaitwa muna 1917.

Jazz Age

Izvi nguva munhoroondo mumhanzi vakanga ainzi makore 20 remakore rechi20. Kunyange vanyori iyi isu zvino chidanai vanyori sezvinoita "New Orleans Jazz". Uye ndezvechokwadi zvikurukuru F. Skott Fittsdzherald. Kunyange zvakadaro, munguva iyoyo, guta guru Jazz haana vaiona New Orleans uye Kansas City. Pane mumhanzi werudzii kupararira pamwe rinoshamisa nokukurumidza, uye izvi zvakaita kuti vakawanda Restaurants uye cafes, apo Jazz nziyo muchinangwa manheru. Zvakangoitikawo kuti vadzidzi vake vave huru zvikwata zvomumigwagwa uye Mafiosi, uyo aifarira kupedza manheru muna mumaresitorendi. Vakawanda vavo vakatanga kuonekwa chikuva uye chikwata chakadzokera gomba umo inoshanyirwa Jazz Band, zvinosanganisira keyboardist, muridzi wengoma, mhepo musicians uye vocalists. Vari vakawanda airidza neapo, kwete chete kunonoka zimbabwe, asi kutsanya. Zvino vazhinji vaiimba vakasarudza kuedza rombo ravo uye vakatamira maguta makuru - Chicago uye New York. Kwaiva mumaresitorendi uye zvimwe, uye vateereri zvakare.

New Orleans Jazz Artists

Ndakagara Kansas mukomana dema anonzi Charlie Parker. Manheru, iye aida kuti kufamba hayo nemahwindo mumaresitorendi uye tudyo nembariro uye akateerera mumhanzi vachibuda pavo. Akabva muridzo kwemazuva pasi mweya wake uye vakaimba mimhanzi yaunonyanya kufarira avo. Kwapera makore, akava muvandudzi zvokuimba Jazz nemanyorero. Zvichakadai, kumhenderekedzo yokumabvazuva kukavapo musicians vatema - mabhosvo, keyboardist uye vocalist. zita rake rainzi Louis Armstrong. Akanga ane kujairika inzwi timbre, uyezve, iye pachake pamwe. Aigara vakatenderera pakati Chicago uye New York, uye asingaremekedzi pachake somutsivi guru muimbi mabhosvo kubva New Orleans King Oliver. Nokukurumidza, nyika "Big Apple" rakasvika mumwe Dzinde Jazz Genre - mondo Roll Morton. Iye nounyanzvi vairidza piyano uye vaishanda vocals. On ose mapepa akabvunza kuti zvakanyorwa kuti ndiye akatanga jazz. Vakawanda vakafunga kudaro. Munguva iyi, mumwe kwaya anoshamisa yakatangwa New York, Fletcher Henderson. Shure kwaizvozvo rave akaumba uye mumwe, uyo aifarira kuva zvishoma dzakakurumbira. musoro wayo aiva muduku Pianist Duke Ellington. akatanga kudana kwake orkerstr guru boka.

30th

Munguva thirties, New Orleans Jazz kudzorwa kuva itsva mumhanzi Style - munhu famba. Akatanga kuita guru bhendi, pakati akamira kunze kwaiva kwaya pamusoro Duke Ellintona. Izvi marimba Ensemble anoumbwa virtuoso musicians - vanatenzi ose improvisation. Mumwe konzati haana kufanana inotevera. Paiva kuoma mumhanzi mamakisi, rugwaro rwakapetwa, mutinhimira zvirevo, kudzokorora, etc. Mumhanzi pane mumhanyi itsva - the arranger, uyo akanyora orchestration yaiva kiyi kubudirira guru ravarwi. Zvisinei, chikuru kumikidzo ichiri akaisa pamusoro improviser, izvo zvinogona kuva kiibhodhi mutambi uye saxophonist uye mabhosvo. Chinhu choga aifanira kugara pedyo nhamba zvakajeka "dzinoungana". The Zvinoumba kwaya Duke Ellington aisanganisira musicians akadai Babber Miley, that Uilyams, Rex Stewart, Ben Webster, clarinetist Barney Bigard, uye vamwe. Zvisinei, "vakawanda famba munyika," tinakidzwe chikamu chinhu Pianist Basie muridzi wengoma Dzho Dzhouns, bassist Walter Page uye guitarist Freddie Green.

Chiitiko kuti "Crystal Sound"

Kurutivi 40 fung gore pakati mumhanzi mafeni sezvinoita Jazz vakava akakurumbira Glenn Miller Orchestra. Nyanzvi pakarepo akacherechedza zvimwe zvinhu kusiyanisa ichi guru remauto kubva vamwe. mabasa ake aigona kunzwa zvimwe chaiwo "sekristaro ruzha", akanzwawo kuti mumhanzi uri kusimba kubudirira urongwa. Zvisinei, mimhanzi yavo haichawaniki kunzwa mutinhimira reNew Orleans jazz. Yakanga chinhu chinokosha, asi chaizvo kure Negro mumhanzi.

kusafarira

With pakatanga Hondo Yenyika II pane nziyo chakakomba vakatanga kuwanda "razvlekalovka". Izvi zvaireva kuti Swing yaitonga Zvaparara. Jazz musicians vauya mwoyo, vainzwa kuti vose vakarasika zvinzvimbo zvavo uye mimhanzi yavo haana kukwanisa kuva ubudirire zvakafanana mune kumhanya 30 achatozadzisa. Asi vakanga zvakaipa, nekuti Jazz mafeni vaivapo mukupera 20 ndipo uye mangwanani 21 emakore fung. Ichokwadi nhasi, manyorerwo ichi hachisi kubudirira vakawanda, asi ndiyo Music vepamusoro munyika.