Symmetry mu muchadenga

Symmetry muchadenga - zviri akanaka, inowirirana uye mwero kukura zvikamu kana zvinhu zviri siyana zvinhu, zvipenyu kana zvinhu. Ari nzvimbo yakatipoteredza, unogona kuchengeta yakawanda zvisina upenyu zvinhu zvakafanana, ichibata chimiro. Zvipenyu sezvo nyore uye kunzwisisa zvikuru akarongeka, kunyange ayo mamiriro vane symmetry zvinhu.

Kudzingana zvakaisvonaka

Zvakafanana, ichibata chimiro vangazivikanwa pamwe kukwana uye kuwirirana. Ndosaka mashoko akadai sokuti "symmetry" uye "vakakwana" zvakafanana mune mitauro yemarudzi akawanda.

Symmetry muchadenga kwose kwose. The zvakasiyana-siyana zvinomera uye zvipenyu kunokanganisa proportionality, kusachinja-chinja uye ergonomic chimiro. Pano zvose asara kuti mukana: unoshamisa runako, kwezvokufuka zvikuru uye hapana zvakawanda. Zvose inowaniswa nechimwe dzichipfekeka upenyu.

The nechepakati symmetry

The nechepakati symmetry iri nzvimbo dzakapoteredza nyika zvisina upenyu zvakasikwa zviri pachena kuoneka sekristaro mudziyo. Izvi mhando symmetry marongerwo iri kurondwa zvakanaka twemazaya echando vari echando crystals. Zvekare zvimiro zvemhashu vavo achirova kusiyana. Asi vose zvavo centrally symmetric.

Muenzaniso mumwe nechepakati kana TOUR symmetry anogona kushumira chirimwa maruva: sunflower, Daisy, Iris, asteri. Izvi rworudzi symmetry anonzi wekushanduka. Kana petals ane ruva kana snowflake mwaranzi tenderera hama kuti pakati, vachaita bindepinde.

dissymmetry

Mirror symmetry iri nzvimbo dzakapoteredza zvakasikwa kunoitika muna zvinomera uye mhuka. Shizha Maple, memuouki kana Fern beetles kana shavishavi, mumwe dandemutande nehonye, mumwe mbeva kana tsuro - izvi zvinongova mienzaniso apo unogona kuona zvipenyu bilateral kana girazi symmetry. Zvakafanana, ichibata pameso hazvishandi kwevanhu uyewo nhengo dzomuviri, maoko, makumbo. In siyana izvi tinoona, sokunge girazi mufananidzo hafu chinhu kubva mumwe. Kana ukaisa chinhu ari mundege, mufananidzo ayo anogona mupfungwa vanobwembura pakati, uye imwe hafu iri seari pamusoro perimwe.

Pfungwa yacho panowanikwa symmetry

Munyika mune zvesayenzi, pane hypotheses dzakawanda kuti vanoedza kutsanangura sei paiva symmetry iri nzvimbo yedu nyika. Maererano nomumwe wavo, zvose kuti paanokura kana pasi, pasi mutemo radially danda symmetry. Uye chii aumbwa newokuti panyika kana obliquely kwazviri, anogamuchira girazi-zvakafanana, ichibata chimiro. ehupfumi aya kuedza kutsanangura kukwezvana wenyika kubva pakati nyika uye siyana madhigirii okuvhenekesa zvivako chezuva, zvichienderana nzvimbo yavo.

Symmetry zvesayenzi uye unyanzvi

Symmetry muchadenga raikosheswa Painters, vavezi vemabwe uye ezvivako munguva dzekare. Tinoona zvinhu symmetry yekare padombo unyanzvi, zvishongo yekare zvishongo zvinhu uye nezvombo. MuEgipita mapiramidhi uye Mayan mapiramidhi, domes necheSalvic machechi, temberi Greek uye dzoushe, namaberere dzekare uye nezvisaririra zvakanaka zvedzimba dzaiitirwa, kuti France of White House, uye Moscow Kremlin - izvi zvinongova mienzaniso mukutsvaga kutobaya runako uye yechokwadi kunakisisa.

The Dzidziso symmetry zvakakomba yakataurwa mathematicians. Vakaperekedza kwemasvomhu tsvakurudzo akabvumira kuziva chikuru mifananidzo symmetry ari mundege uye muchadenga. Physics uye kemesitiri tiri kurega zvakasikwa mutemo bato anonakidza uyu. Academician VI Vernadsky aidavira kuti "... symmetry unosanganisira ehupfumi yeminda zvose nechokuita kubudikidza yefizikisi uye kemisiti." Nokuda zvakafanana, ichibata maumbirwo maatomu, mamorekuru, inorganic zvinhu zvinouya zvakasiyana-siyana siyana uye kuona kuti zvivako zviri crystals dzichiumbwa chaiko. Kunyange kana mitemo wefizikisi, achitanga zvomuviri zvakawanda vachava kuchinja panguva transformations yakasiyana, tinogona kutaura kuti mitemo iyi vane invariance kana symmetry panyaya transformations izvi.