Slavs - ndiani zvakadai? Life, upenyu, tsika Slavs yekare

Kubva mabhuku enhoroondo, tinoziva kuti Slavs - nderimwe makurusa kwemadzinza munharaunda muTestamende World. Zvisinei, hazvina kujeka kusvikira pakuguma, kana vaiva vanaani kana vaibvepi. Ngatiedzei kuongorora izvi shomanana mafufu mashoko, uyewo ritaure zvakawanda yakavimbika chokuita noupenyu, tsika uye zvinotendwa vemadzinza izvi.

Ndivanaani?

Ngatiedzei kufunga kunze Slavs - ndiani uyu, kupi kuuya Europe, uye nei vakasiya nyika yokumusha kwavo. Pane shanduro dzakawanda panyaya. Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanofunga kuti marudzi necheSalvic kubva hapana akauya akagara pano kubva pakusikwa kwenyika. Zvimwe masayendisiti anodavira vazukuru VaSitiya Sarmatians, uye vamwe - ndezvaMwari vamwe vemarudzi vaiuya kubva pakadzika Asia, kusanganisira kuti Aryans. Asi chete zvisingaiti vafunga, mumwe pfungwa ane zvikanganiso ayo uye bofu makwapa.

Vazhinji vakabvuma necheSalvic Indo-European vanhu, uyo akashandura ari Old World munguva Kutama Great. Arashikirwa vaonane dzakabatana madzinza eGermany ari kure, uye akaenda nenzira yake okukura. Asi vatsigiri vazhinji dzidziso ndechokuti vemunharaunda iyi dzinza vaibva Asia pashure peMafashamo, nzira vanonzwisisa nevanhu veko uye pave nzvimbo yebudiriro - the Etruscans, vaGiriki uye vaRoma, uye ipapo akagadzirisa muBalkans, ivo Vistula, Dniester uye Dnieper. Nestor sahwira anoti Slavs akasvika Russia pashure paShongwe yeBhabheri.

Haidereri pamakakatanwa ndiro zita dzinza. Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti Slavs - zvinoreva "vanhu kuverenga vane shoko 'mamwe zita rinoshandurwa se" zvakanaka "kana kutsvaka yakatangira nezita Dnieper - Slavutych.

The chikuru sika amadzitateguru edu

Saka, takaona kuti Slavs - ndiwo marudzi anongofamba vakanga vagara. Ivo vakabatanidzwa mutauro nevakawanda, dzidziso, tsika. Uye chii vaiva zvidzidzo Slavs? Hapana nzira Chokwadi, ndiyo kurima. Musango nzvimbo zvakafanira kutanga kugadzira nyika, kutema miti uye yokudzura stumps. Musango-inowanzorimwa nzvimbo, kutanga kutsva uswa, uye nyika nourume madota, kusakurirwa uye akadyara mbeu. Pakati pfuti anoshandiswa gejo, gejo, mwoyo. Of zvirimwa akakura mhunga, rye, gorosi, bhari, pizi, hemp uye neshinda.

Navamwe necheSalvic zveBhaibheri vakanga rinotarisa pagadzirwe maturusi kuti zvokurima (blacksmithing), uyewo anopfuyiwa kushandiswa (zviumbwa). It kwaikosheswa dzakabudirira mhuka minda: madzitateguru edu akatunhidzwa gwai, nemabhiza, mbudzi, nguruve. Mukuwedzera, vakashandisa zvipo zvakasikwa: kutora howa, michero, Nyuchi dondo, aivhima nezvikara uye shiri. Izvi uye nhumbi nevavakidzani vavo, uye mari wokutanga anonzi kuva namatehwe Martens.

tsika nemagariro

The upenyu hwakadzikama pakati Slavs inosimudzira kukura tsika. Agriculture aiva chikuru basa munharaunda, asi kunge wakashanduka-shanduka uye decoration rwokugadzira (kurukiswa, zvishongo, matanda mifananidzo, mapfupa uye simbi bondarstvo, Tanning). Vaiva pedzidziso dzekutanga kunyora.

Madzibaba edu akagara nemunharaunda, zvakakosha zvisarudzo akatorwa nenguva zvayo pamusangano. In nhaka vomunharaunda vaiva Mafuro, arable nyika uye mafuro. Asi munhu wose anogona kuva kwavo pfuma uye zvipfuwo. Panotangira dzokumaruwa pamwe aiva Prince, uyo akavimba boyars-patrimonial. Vaiva vanhu vanoremekedzwa vakasarudza pagungano renyika, uye ipapo vakatanga yomunharaunda kwamachinda.

Muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kuti Slavs vakanga vane mwero, zviri nyore hwakatamisirwa vagaries kuchitonhora, nzara. Asi akaramba vanozvikudza, rusununguko-rudo, vakashinga uye akatendeka munharaunda yake, kuti mhuri yake. Vaenzi munogara akagamuchira zvingwa uye munyu, kupa zvakanakisisa kuti kwakanga mumba.

tsamwa vavakidzani

Slavs vakagara pakati Europe uye Asia, munyika ine yakasiyana kuchengeterwa mari uye ivhu rakaorera. Vakagara mundima huru iri anenge nyarara, nekuti nzvimbo haina zvose. Asi fuma yenyika akakwezva makororo. vavakidzani tsamwa of Slavs - anongofamba vaAvar, Khazars, Pechenegs uye Polovtsy - nguva akapinda mumusha. Madzibaba edu aiva vabatane kuzorwa navo uye vashande pamwe chete kurova mvumo. It akavadzidzisa kunodzidziswa zvechiuto, kugara akagadzirira ngozi kazhinji kuchinja nzvimbo kutsungirira. Asi voga Slavs vaiva nevoinstvennymi, noushamwari, vanoremekedza kodzero dzevamwe, kumbova varanda.

pachinzvimbo mhedziso

Prince Vladimir asati akabhabhatidzwa Rus, ivo Slavs vaiva vahedheni. Vainamata zvakasikwa, akavaka temberi uye akasika zvifananidzo, vakabayira kwavari (kwete munhu). Zvakange kunyanya yakatanga kunamatwa madzitateguru, kusanganisira nyakufa. ChiKristu akabvumira Old Russian wehurumende kuti pedyo Europe, asi panguva imwe chete vakaba zvizhinji. zvinhu zvokunyama, mumudzimu uye tsika zvakaparadzwa, kurasikirwa chii inomira pakati mamwe necheSalvic marudzi. Paiva mhando symbiosis, iyo, kunyange okunze akanga chete tsika, yakaumbwa pasi pokudzora Byzantium. Asi uyu, sezvo vachiti, mumwe nyaya ...