Saint Feodosiy Chernigovsky

Mutambo zuva St. Feodosiya Chernigovskogo vakapemberera kaviri pagore - 9 September (zuva canonization) uye 5 February (zuva rokufa kwake). zita rake riri pamusoro ndima navatsvene, vari chishongo chinokosha uye kubwinya yose yeRussia Orthodox Church. Rakarurama data, kwaakanga akazvarirwako. Chii chinozivikanwa ndechokuti akazvarwa mukupera 30-ies zviri XVII remakore ari Ukraine. zita rake Polonitsky-Uglitskikh aibva mhuri chaizvo yekare revatongi. Vabereki nezveramangwana musande Femme Nikita uye Maria. Asati vaairarama akauya zvishoma mashoko pamusoro pauduku hwake uye kuyaruka. Mumwe chete anoziva kuti akanga rakapfava kwazvo uye munyoro.

Holy Theodosius

Pakutanga, zvakanga kukurisa vabereki, vaidzvara naye kubva pauduku kutya Mwari uye vatsvene Christian. Zvino akava mboni of Kyiv Bratsk Epiphany School, apo akanga zvose ake upenyu zvikuru. Panguva iyoyo, musoro waro aiva Archbishop Chernigovskiy Lazar (Baranavichy). To kutaurirana ichi. Feodosiy Chernigovsky akaramba kunzwa somwanakomana anoremekedza kuremekedza.

Chikoro St. Theodosius akasarudza kuzvitsaurira kuna Mwari zvose hwake. Vabereki vanoda Mwari, pakusimbisa zvomudzimu hutungamiri wechikoro, uye utsvene nzvimbo kusimudzira uye kusimbisa chido kurarama zvakanaka. Asi zvino pakanga zvimwe zviitiko - Kusawirirana uye manzwiro kuti mutsvene akaona pakati nezviremera, uye kunyange pakati nhungamiro yake yomudzimu. Izvi rwakamuita kuti vatevere vazviomesere kumonasitiri uye nguvo ane murwi waKristu vamire vachengetwe yeChechi yeOrthodox.

Troubles

Pashure pfupi nguva Feodosiy Chernigovsky akashanda archdeacon muKiev St. Sophia Cathedral uye mumiriri ari Metropolitan musha. Panguva iyoyowo, Kiev uye Little Russia akatambura nenhamo kubva pamatambudziko vari kuramba kuitwa vavengi Bogdana Hmelnitskogo, asina kuda kubatanidza Little Russia pamwe Moscow. Zvinosuruvarisa mu izvi Smoot akatora Zvinoshingaira, kunyange vafundisi yepamusorosoro. Panguva iyoyo, akanga apanduka kuna Rzeczpospolita kunyange Metropolitan pamusoro Kievskiy Dionisy (Balaban), uye saka akatsemura archdiocese (1658). Zvino pfupi mutarisiri Kiev Metropolia ndima nemauto Moscow, akava chernihiv Archbishop Razaro.

Nokurwisana uye Metropolitan itsva

St. Theodosius akanga akatendeka akashanda ari diocese kwaRazaro ieromonahom Krupitsky Baturyn wemamongi. The pachena ndechokuti upenyu tsvene yakaitwa pasi pokudzora Preosvyaschennogo Lazarya. Akaumba zvaaitenda, uye akaramba kuenda mushure Kiev Metropolitan Dhionisio, kuti varege kuva muvengi kutenda Orthodox uye vanhu vayo. The mutsvene nguva dzose anochengeta mudzidzisi wake Razaro, nokuti chokwadi kuti Little Russia achamera chete pasi kudzivirirwa Russian chamber.

Muna 1662, maererano yaMakoronike Chernigov, St. Theodosius aiva chinzvimbo abbot pakati wemamongi Korsun. Muna 1663 afa Metropolitan Dionysios, Metropolitan pakati Kiev uye vafundisi wePolish Ukraine anogadzwa Bishop Joseph (Nelyubovich). sarudzo yake chinowanzoitika muna Korsun wemamonk.

ari abbot pakati wemamongi

New Metropolitan kutanga akavhiyiwa akatanga kudzivirira Orthodoxy muna Lithuania. Zvisinei, maonero ake enyika havana uwirirane dzidziso Razaro. Somugumisiro, hurumende Moscow haana kuda kubvuma Metropolitan. St. Theodosius aitya nenyonganyonga, wadii munobvumirana kwavo kutora chikamu mune nesarudzo chiito. Papera chinguva, muna 1664, akagadzwa abbot of Vydubychi wemamonk.

Aishingaira chaizvo muchengeti mudziyo yemamongi dzvene, rave iro ari mumaoko Uniates. St. Theodosius Monastery akakwanisa mumweya wakaoma pokutenda nokushingaira kukuru, saka akatora Hetman ngoro (gwaro kana bumbiro), maererano izvo wemamongi vakagamuchira matunhu makuru. Chokwadi ichi chave zvombo naye pamusoro pedyo mamongi of Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. Archimandrite Innocent (Giselle), wakati kuvakwa kwayo nyaya nokuda isingaruramisiri makuhwa Pechersk wemamongi vatongi, vakatanga kugunun'una pamusoro payo Metropolitan Lazaryu Chernigovskomu.

The mutsvene hausi pasina kusuwa, asi nounyoro kushivirira nemiedzo izvi, vakatumira kwaari naMwari. Asi, senguva dzose, vanoti, zvose zvinoitwa - ose nani. Razaro, nekuti somupristi unhu yakakomborerwa mweya wake, mumweya ouprofita anonyora kwaari pamusoro ake chido kuti zita rake rakanyorwa kudenga.

handyman Great uye confessor

Kuvimba kwakadaro uye rudo ishe kutaurirana. Theodosius akanga nokukurumidza kuisa ake kugadzwa sezvo gavhuna kuti administrative mabasa ose Kyiv Metropolis. It anotakura anokosha mabasa kudavira kuti Achaita navo nokukudzwa uye nyasha Faith Orthodox.

zita rake rakava nomukurumbira kure Moscow, Feodosiy Chernigovsky, pamwechete Abbot Jerome Pereyaslavl rombo chikumbiro kubva hetman uye nevafundisi Ruthenian kugadza Kiev Metropolitan Bishop Gideon-Svyatopolk. Iyi yakanga kubudirira. St. Theodosius, achiita basa rake, pakati nyaya uye musakanganwa kuti ataure pamusoro yemamongi ake.

Changes uye Testing

Muna 1687, apo iye akapa kuna Mwari Archimandrite Eletskii Ioanniky (Golyatovsky), pamusoro kurairira Archbishop Razaro panzvimbo yake anomuka, pashure pemakore 24 Kutonga Vudubickiy, St. Theodosius. Akamugadza kuti pambiru, Archbishop Lazar inoita chake rworudyi, uye kubva iyoyo anova nhengo dzose kunoshamisa zviitiko nguva. Sezvo panguva imwecheteyo yakawedzera zvikuru ukama pakati vamiririri Kiev, Great Russian uye South Russian kereke. Moscow vafundisi anotarira zvinhu zvakaipa pamusoro Kiev Russia uye South nokuti kuomerera yayo yeRoma uye zvose vanyengeri.

Pashure kubatana pakutanga XVII remakore Ukraine kuMoscow kubva Kiev mairi zvinopfuura zvemo kuti zvitendero uye vehurumende mashandiro, akatarira chaizvo venga, sezvo yakawandisa kwavo anokudzwa Polish kupenda tsika uye zvinoitwa. Vamwe Mabhishopi kunyange aiva vokumadokero zvikoro dzidzo wechechi yeRoma, uye vakanga kunyange pfungwa haisi nenzira chechiJudha mweya.

Theodosius - Bhishopu Mukuru Chernigov

Muna 1690, Metropolitan pamusoro Kiev Gidheoni anofa, uye St. Theodosius akaisa mberi panzvimbo yake. Zvisinei, ichi yakakwirira romukova anogamuchira Caves Archimandrite Barlaam (Jasinski), umo-gore maviri Theodosius akashanda se Rector of Kiev-Pechersk Lavra. By hove kukurukurirana naMwari. Theodosius akanga achigadzirira mumwe mukuru chinzvimbo muna Chernigov. Pano akatanga kupenya unhu ake matsvene, uye kwete chete muupenyu, asi pashure pokufa sezvo muranda waMwari akasanangurwa.

Muna 1692 Preosvyaschennyy Lazar kugadza musangano zvinobatanidza vafundisi Ruthenia hetman I. S. Mazepa uye vamiririri vanhu, uye chernihiv cheya akagadza Archimandrite Theodosius. In July wegore iroro, Feodosiy Chernigovsky paanosvika Moscow, uko pamadzimambo Johani uye Petre Alekseeviche Iye akagadzwa ari yomutambo mumhepo kubvuma Cathedral kusvika pachinzvimbo chevatatu bhishopu mukuru. The chevaux akariita zvaanoda kwete kubva Kiev asi kubva Moscow Patriarchate, uye somunhu pre-vakakurumbira pakati hierarchs yeRussian, mutsvene itsva achapiwa kodzero pabasa pa sakkos.

mabasa kusingaperi choufudzi matambudziko

Akadzokera Chernigov, akatanga kubata mabasa diocese uye ichiri kunzi mubatsiri pakati Archbishop Lazar, uyo akanga atokwegura chaizvo uye pedyo nokufa.

Ungano refu muchifara kuuya choushe chaMwari maviri vanoshingaira mutsvene. September 3, 1693-makore 73 okuberekwa murume, Razaro akafa. St. Theodosius aimuda sababa, saka iye chaizvoizvo neshungu. Chin kuvigwa Theodosius akazviita. Russian chevaux uye Patriarch St. Theodosius anokudza zvitupa uye akamuvimbisa tsitsi dzake. Pakafa Archbishop Lazar St Theodosius anogamuchira inofananidza tsamba kuna yakazvimirira kurapa Chernigov diocese.

Feodosiy Chernigovsky muungano yake vakauya ngwariro chaiyo yechokwadi umwari kwechiKristu uye akatora vatarisire cloisters vekare uye itsva uye machechi. Muna 1694, nekuvongwa iye akanga akavakirwa Pechenitskaya Lyubetsky wemamongi uye Hermitage, mugore iroro namaropafadzo ake Chechi Kuberekwa Mhandara Yakakomborerwa muna Domnitskom wemamongi yakavakwa. Muna 1695, akanga vatsvene Trinity Cathedral, iyo yakava Cathedral of Diocese pakati Chernigov.

budiriro

Panguva yokutonga kwake, Chernigov diocese rikabudirira, uye yakanga vakachengeta nokusimbaradza monasticism. Pfungwa iri inobhadharwa upristi yake tsvene, akanga picky chaizvo pakusarudza vanhu munzvimbo nevapristi navo. St. Theodosius akabatsirawo zvikuru zvikoro yomudzimu, iyo akakoka nyanzvi uye mamongi kubva Kiev. Pakati pavo paiva Metropolitan Tobolskiy Ioann Maksimovich, nokukurumidza akava mutevedzeri uye akatsiva St. Theodosius, ndiye akatora vatarisire mudziyo Theological Schools.

St. Feodosiy Chernigovsky akanzwa kusvika afa uye nokudaro akanga achigadzirira nomunhu. Vakabva akava mubati Bryansk uye Svensk wemamongi mumongi John (Maximovich), iye akamugadza gavhuna Chernigov Eletski wemamongi.

Kamwe, muna 1694, mumwe Catholic Dominic Polubensky akatendeukira kwaari chikumbiro, iyo vakaratidza chido chavo kuenda citizenship dzamadzimambo Moscow, kuti kukwanisa kutendeukira Orthodox wamadzibaba ake. The mutsvene haana kusiya chikumbiro vasingadavidzi, uye nokukurumidza akava Russian vanotongwa Orthodox.

A rufu rugare

1696 Wakapedzisira kwaari, mutsvene Feodosiy Chernigovsky akafa murunyararo musi 5 February. Akavigwa Chernigov Boris uye Gleb Cathedral, ari crypt, dzakagadzirirwa naye.

Good uye nokuenzanisira mufudzi kana upenyu hwake haana kusiya makwai ake, uye pashure pokufa kwake akava ayo mutsvene musande aive. Zvino anobudisa pasi nyasha dzaMwari kune avo vose vari pakutenda unofadza kwaari. muviri wake hwakaramba incorrupt, iyo yaiva hwaro canonization ake.

стал первым святым, прославленным во времена правления царя Николая II. September 9, 1896, St Feodosiy Chernigovsky aiva mutsvene wokutanga, vakapemberera yaitonga chevaux Nicholas II. Kumwe canonization kubudikidza Metropolitan Kievskiy Ioanniky (Mboroma), naye mabhishopu matanhatu, vakawanda vamwe vafundisi uye vanhu vakanga vachibva zvose pamusoro munyika Chernigov. Uyu mutambo anoshamisa pakataurwa zvishamiso itsva vari zvino zvikuru anofadza Orthodox vatendi mutsvene Feodosiy Chernigovsky. Zvisaririra aiva musande aive ari Chernigov nyika ikozvino akavigwa Mutsvene Utatu Cathedral.

mifananidzo

Pamberi chimurenga kwaiva shoma akanyorwa iconic mifananidzo pamwe chiso mutsvene. Nechekare ari 90s mifananidzo Feodosiya Chernigovskogo akava husiri nyore kuwana uye akafanira kutenga, vakauya kumba kushongedzwa zvenhaka kuunganidza. Nenzira, panguva iyoyo vari Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra akarasika mifananidzo wandei pamwe chiso mutsvene.

In kukudzwa musande yakavakwa Kiev Temple Feodosiya Chernigovskogo, rinogona akashanyira pana paChernobyl 2. - aiva musande aive uye mudziviriri pakati liquidators of paChernobyl tsaona.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti temberi ine Feodosiya Chernigovskogo uye Kiev Kiyanovskom Lane 6/10, uyewo munzvimbo Dnepropetrovsk mudunhu, mumusha Oleksandrivka.

WeChurch anokudzwa runyararo, kururamisira, uye kukanganwira akatora zvakadzama tsitsi vaya vaiuya kwaari rubatsiro, uye akabatsira kwete Orthodox, asi vamiririri zvimwe zvitendero.

Nyaya blockade pakati Leningrad

Richirondedzera upenyu mutsvene ichi, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, uye rimwezve chiitiko chinokosha zvikuru chokuita blockade kuti Leningrad. Muna 1942, muimba yepasi kumuzinda nevanozvitsigira akapfuura musangano, izvo mibvunzo inokosha pamusoro tsamwisa budiriro. Uye kamwe kamwe vakanzwa chinoshamisa izwi: "Nyengetererai Theodosius pamusoro Chernigov, izvo zvichakubatsira!" Munhu wose ndakadaro, asi hapana vavo havana kuziva zita. Vanhu akatendeuka pakutanga kwayo mukuru utariri, uye zvadaro Metropolitan Alexis (Simanska) (yemberi tateguru), uye kana akavaudza pamusoro Saint Theodosius somunyengetero bhuku uye mudziviriri wedu mutsvene wenyika, uye aifanira kunamatira ruponeso muguta. Uye anofanira kukurumidza kudzokera zvinoera vake vatsvene, vakanga vari Kazan Cathedral muSt Petersburg, panguva iyo Museum of History of Religion uye Kusatenda kuti kuna Mwari.

Uye Stalin akapa kuti ichi, simba akadzokera St. Nicholas Cathedral of Epiphany. Uye chishamiso chakaitika, mutsvene wakabatsira nokuti yakabudirira vakapfuura rinokunda Tikhvin oparesheni. nzira yakazaruka, iro rakatanga kusvika muguta rakakombwa zvokudya, zvombo uye nezvombo. The Ladoga nzira vatendi rinonzi "mugwagwa St. Theodosius."

Feodosiy Chernigovsky: zvokunyengetera

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mutsvene chinobatsira kuporesa kenza. Munyengetero Theodosius pamusoro Chernigov nokutenda kwechokwadi uchaporesa kubva siyana zvirwere, makuhwa uye matambudziko chokuita mhuri zvakanaka uye vana.

Muna 1946, apo Metropolitan Alexei (Simansky) akava tateguru, akanga akashevedza kuMoscow kubudikidza Boris Chernigov bhishopu akarayira kugadzirira magwaro ose anodiwa kuti vatore zvisaririra Theodosius kubva Leningrad kuna Chernigov. mhemberero Izvi zvakaitika musi waSeptember 15, 1946. Kupemberera ichi munyika, vazhinji vakarangarira, akasangana nesimba murume mutsvene uye baba zvokunamata Lavrentiy Chernigovsky. zuva rino vakashumira matatu yokunamata.

Zvino regai kusiya zvisaririra St. Chernigov Cathedral Holy Trinity Cathedral, akavaka tichiregeredza Mazepa uye vatsvene kubudikidza St. Theodosius muna 1695, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa. Kunewo kuchengeta zvisaririra St. Lawrence pakati chernihiv wezvishamiso, St. Filaret (Gumilevsky) uye vamwe Kiev-Pechersk vatsvene.