Russian Desman: tsananguro, zvinonakidza mashoko uye mifananidzo

Russian Desman - zvinoshamisa chisikwa, vakasununguka kunzwa Panyika kwemakore anopfuura mamiriyoni 30. Sezvaiitwa kare, uye nhasi, pakuonekwa rwizi mhuka chakatodzana diki gonzo uye kuva nemhuri nhuta nemano ayo kuchera burrows that yakadzika, haana kuchinja.

Russian Desman: tsananguro

All zvakafanana, sezvinoita hunde, refu mhino, netsoka dzakapfava pamwe webbed minwe, laterally compressed refu muswe akafukidzwa horny chikero uye ari mukuru kutyaira kutsanya Nokutonga muchichinjana. Russian muskrat ane zvakanaka streamlined mutumbi; dumbu rake sirivha-chena, shure - mashava. ruvara Izvi zvinoita mhuka dzinenge usingaonekwi mumvura yakafanira yakazonyorwa sezvo zvakatipoteredza. Shinda riri gobvu zvakakwana uye kwete kunyorova, sezvo mhuka kushandisa makumbo ayo hadzi kugonyesa musk zvakananga yakabereka, riri mujinga muswe mumasero. Vision paRussian Desman haana yakatanga, kushaya ayo zvakazara aripire rakaisvonaka kunhuhwidza. Kunzwa kubva Desman kunyange zvakanaka yakatanga, asi ine zvimwe dzose. Zvinogona zvachose kuteerera vanhu vataure, asi vanozeza kuchangotanga achitevedzera mvura, hrustnuvshey petsoka bukira, ari rustle rakaoma uswa.

Nora - Russian Desman kufarira nzvimbo

Russian muskrat, vachisarudza havo kurarama yakanyarara aibuda nzvimbo (madhamu uye zvikova), anoda kuti kuchera makomba, kunzwisisa uye refu (pamusoro 10 mamita). Kwekugadzikana, akafukidza dondo uswa, pemahombekombe akaronga yose inovhiringidza yokuchinja pachivande tunnels, napo zvakavigwa pasi marongera mvura. In kuwa mvura yakati sandara iri mhuka anomanikidzwa kuwedzera ndima pevhu, kamwe zvakare achivatungamirira pasi pemvura yorwizi. Uyewo Russian muskrat kunoita mugomba pfupi pamwe yomukati uye nyoro nemarara apo yechando replenishes mhepo wedzerai kana uchifamba pasi chando. Zvikurukuru, kamera ari burrows that vanoshumira rokuzorora uye zvokudya.

The Russian muskrat anodyisa

Zvokudya hohuli (saka akanyatsoti kunzi Russian muskrat mu Russia) muchirimo, muzhizha uye mumatsutso nguva tiri zvikwevaropa, crustaceans, hwemvura tumbuyu vavo mazana, deveteve zvirimwa. In yechando, kuRussia muskrat haana kusiya bindira datya, kushaya hove duku, bivalves. In burrows that dzimwe nguva kuunganidza semirwi scraps zvokudya - chaizvo zvaunoda uye mhuka duku: chikafu nekuringana uye akanaka dziva rine hwomutambarakede maburi zvigaro. Dzimwe nguva anwa daily uremu yakaenzana mukanyiwa hwemhuka.

Kutarisira mwana

Vana (kubvira imwe shanu mbudzana) muskrat kungaita kaviri mugore. Young, ane uremu hakuiti kupfuudza 3.2 magiramu hatch tuduku bofu uye mushutu. Zvisinei, vhiki pashure vaviri muviri wavo kare yakafukidzwa vhudzi. 23-24 zuva, amai kunotanga nyika kuti vazive kwavari. Mumwedzi iri mhuka teething, vari kuedza zvipembenene mazana uye dzemugungwa nyama. Zvinobatsira munhukadzi, anoshamisa uye vane hanya mai kutarisira mwana baba. Kana vakuru kusiya burrow, vana iyi, vachinyatsoongorora kufukidza "jira" miti. Kana ichiuya naamai pamusoro musana mberi vana munzvimbo kupfuura runyararo. Nokuti 7-8 mwedzi mwana akura kuzvimirira uye pamba.

Danger kumativi ose

Lifespan muskrat makore anenge 5, chero kuti haina kuatapudza zvimwewo zvinoitika. Izvi zvingava zvisingatarisirwi rworwendo muchando mvura, zadza buri, umo mhuri yose inogona kuurayiwa. Kupona vanhu kutiza kuti splavinah kana kukurumidza kuchera pfupi burrows that munzvimbo dzakachengeteka dzokuvanda. Muskrat, isina rwokuzvarwa pokugara, iri pfungwa, izvo zvinoita nyore dzinodya dzimwe shiri, raccoon imbwa, makava, vhudzi makonzo uye mink. Kuti chitubu muskrat vakatamira miviri pedyo nemvura, kuchinja zvatinosiita dzinogarisana, iye ari kutarira kure (kunonyanyisa pamusoro 5-6? Km kubva kumusha kwavo kare).

In mvura Russian muskrat vakamirira ngozi kubva knot, Pike, Catfish uye hombe rwizi knot. In yakaoma mhuka zhizha haigoni kumira rurefu kuchinja kuti nani. nzvimbo uye kuparara munzira. Kunyange zvake gomba pane ngozi kutambura mahwanda dzemombe yomusango, nyore kukanganisa riri pana pechiso mugomba.

Wednesday muskrat dzinogarisana vakabudirira yakadyidzana beavers, dzimwe nguva kushandisa yacherwa dzavo uye burrows that. The ukama yemhuka idzi zvinonyatsooneka kuremekedzana. Pakanga kunyange kuonekwa chokuti muskrat Beaver akakwira kuti zororo seri kuti ekupedzisira kutambudzika chinyararire.

Ona Russian Desman

Vakawanda vanofarira kuziva sokunge Russian muskrat, sezvinoonekwa pamwe akashama ziso kwakaoma zvakakwana; iye ari kuchenjerera chaizvo uye pokes mhino yake pamusoro pemvura (kufema) mangwanani kana manheru. Closed nzira upenyu hwemhuka asingadi kupa mukana wakakwana munhumbi ayo zvakavanzika, pasinei kukuru kungava chido. Zvakaoma chaizvo kuziva uko Russian muskrat mupenyu. Interesting zvinhu kuonekwa vafudzi: mune nzvimbo mumwena mhou mhuka akaramba kumwa mvura. Residential muskrat burrow kunopa Kuramba musky munhuhwi, nekuti iyo kusvikira pakati pezana remakore rechi17 yakanga mined uye mhuka. MuRussia, aomeswa-tailed muskrat zvava zviri mubhokisi andapeni, gare gare chakavanzika musk mumasero akatanga kushandiswa zvinonhuhwira indasitiri somunhu fixative munhuwi anonhuwira anodhura. Nechirongwa pamusoro nokuvapo muskrat hombe pamutemo hove nokushandiswa simbi necheni uye "elektrosachkov", izvo kuparadza chete hove, asi hwemvura invertebrates - zvokudya chikuru muskrats.

Poaching - chikuru njodzi kune mhuka hwemvura

mbava zvinokosha Russian Desman kwakatungamirira kuti poaching ari mhuka kuti chinosuruvarisa nzira sei nhamba yaro. Muna 1835 wakanaka Nizhny Novgorod vakanga aivigirwa 100 000 namatehwe mhuka iyi, muna 1913 - 60 000. Predation rwizi mhuka kwakaitika pamusoro emakore, saka nhasi Russian Desman (Red Book inosimbisa chokwadi ichi) rinowanikwa chete mune nzvimbo shoma Wapikisa akadzivirira nzvimbo. It Ural River Basin, kuti Don, ivo Volga, kana pane dzimwe nzvimbo dzavo. Panguva iyoyo, maererano nyanzvi inofungidzira nhamba Russian Desman anenge 35 000 vanhu.

, Mabasa evanhu evanhu anokonzerawo vasanyanye kwenhamba mhuka; kuparadzwa uku, kuvaka mvura nembiya kure nemhenderekedzo - zvemo dzinogarisana muskrat, rwizi kusvibisa mvura nemaindasitiri, abudise mvura. Kunyange munhuwo kuvapo kwevanhu pamusoro dziva ndicho chikonzero nei vaizviita anonzwa kudzikama Russian muskrat. The Red Book kweRussia uye Ukraine pamapeji akanyora dambudziko kuitika vokuparidzira Russian muskrat ruponeso uye ndichengetedze izvo zvakasikwa anokosha reserves: Hopersky, Oka, Klyazma.