Relief, arambe achirema uye salinity of Indian Ocean. The fauna of uye kasvisto

Indian Ocean, mumwe wevatatu reservoirs pakukura Nyika. Unotangira kumahombekombe Antarctica kuti nyika Asian. It nhema pakati Africa uye Australia. Bordered neDare Pacific uye Atlantic mvura. nzvimbo Its mukuru 70, 000 mativi makiromita, ukuwo avhareji udzamu nokukosha rinosvika 4000 m.

The chivezwa of pemvura mubhedha

Indian Ocean Geography akasiyana zvishoma nhamba kwemakungwa. zvitsuwa muduku. The kupfuura nomukurumbira vavo - ndiye Sri Lanka, Maldives, Andaman uye Madagascar. Kumaodzanyemba nemhenderekedzo iri kushanda kwete mukati, asi kwete saka pamusoro kuchamhembe nomunzvimbo dzine. Upamhi pasherefu hakuiti pfuura rimwe zana makiromita. materu angled yakasiyana transconductance kunosiyana-siyana mune zvakawanda kubva 10 kusvika 30 °.

Indian Ocean akapfuma gasi uye mafuta deposits, jecha monazite, Chrome mhangura, ndarira, uye nedzimwe simbi. Musana rinoumbwa thalassocratons. Ndivo anokonzera tectonic pakusimba. On arikunze ari pamubhedha akagadzirisa Continental pachikuva.

hydrology

The salinity of Indian Ocean nokuda riparadzirwe pamusoro dzenzvimbo. Uye kuchamhembe mapazi ari kufamba remvura riri monsoonal. Sezvo June ari hunodzorwa kumabvazuva uye kuchamhembe dzenzvimbo. Winter - kumavirira nokumaodzanyemba. In pemwedzi January iri munharaunda yayo zvichiitika Equatorial kufamba. Also dzoga cyclonic circulations uye chando vazvo.

The tembiricha uye salinity of Indian Ocean zvakabatana chaizvo. Mvura inodziya Avharenji +20 ° C. Kufadza tsika kupfuudza +30 ° C. Ivo chiratidzo chechipiri hafu May. At neequator panguva inodziya kusvikira +28 ° C. Nemhenderekedzo Africa akanyora mamwe uchapupu - vanenge +23 ° C. Meteorologists cherechedza kuti subtropics inopisa mvura pa 5 ° C pane nechokumabvazuva. Huru simba mutengo nhoroondo nokuda kwemvura kuti mwando nezvimwe - pakupisa Exchange pamwe akaturikidzana zvomumhepo.

Salinity Indian Ocean zvakananga kunoenderana pakuenzanisa mwando kwemvura pachiso uye bhuku kuyerera kubva yakaoma. Maererano nenhamba, munguva gore rimwe, tsika idzi 1380 uye 1000 mm azvaitwa. Restock mvura yorwizi. Akaberekerwa akawanda makumi ezviuru makiromita kubva kumahombekombe, ivo zvishoma nezvishoma vakatakura mafungu aro kupedza nzira risina chigadziko.

Indian Ocean Salinity muzvikamu miriyoni paminiti - 34.8 ‰. By zvepanyama unyatsoshanda Ganges unogamuchirwa kuna pamubhedha uye Limpopo. Uyewo unyatsoshanda Brahmaputra uye Zambezi. Ndivo dzinongoitika kumahombekombe desalination chirimwa of African uye Eurasian makondinendi.

Kunonyanyisa salinity of Indian Ocean muna ppm kuchengetwa muArabhiya Peninsula. Tiri kutaura Red uye muArabhia Seas, muPersian Gulf. Pano, somuenzaniso, muGungwa Andaman uye Bay pamusoro Bengal, parameter iyi zvishoma shoma. Most Freshwater anoonekwa kuti ine riri kumaodzanyemba 40 °. Pano, shoma salinity of Indian Ocean. Sezvo chikamu chiri muzvikamu 33 chete.

Huru parameters

Dzinosiyana uye arambe achirema mvura. In kumavirira, mutengo wayo ruchigona 1 024. Munguva Nordic latitudes, zviri akaenzana 1 027. rinosvika vake zvishoma muna Bay pamusoro Bengal uye kuchamhembe-nechokumabvazuva. Okisijeni vapfume uyewo kunoitika vanoiswa. Kuchamhembe zviri - 4,5 milliliters, uye zasi - 8, iyo zvakare inoratidza kuti kuIndian Ocean salinity zvakakwirira.

Sezvo Runowanzobatanidzwawo uye ruvara mvura. Panguva kudzika kazhinji rima yebhuruu, anenge rutema. Pedyo Antarctica anova rwebhuruu. Nemhenderekedzo munhu nevamwe greenish tint. Kana yakaderera vavimbezve nguva, simba ravo harisi sezvinoita dzimwe nyanza, uye muitiro kuitika semidiurnal hwechiKomonisiti.

Kuchamhembe, kune matombo echando. Muna February, ivo tama uye kusvika 68 ° rwezasi Latitude. Pakupera muzhizha vane pfupi zvikuru nzira. Chete neapo icebergs zvinogona kukurirwa 55 °.

mira convection razvino

Deep marongerwo uye salinity Indian Ocean dzenzvimbo zvakakonzera. Zvakatanga ari Antarctic uye Sub-Tropical nzvimbo. Okutanga vanonzi pedyo-pasi, uye wechipiri - subsurface. Panewo zvenguva monyorora. Deep dzenzvimbo kuuya kubva kuAtlantic uye chikamu paGungwa Dzvuku.

Saka, kugovera salinity pemvura Indian Ocean sezvinotevera:

• subtropical reservoirs - 35 ‰;
• Antarctic mvura - 34 ‰;
• Atlantic dzenzvimbo - 34,68 ‰;
• Continental Rwako - 34,77 ‰.

fauna of

Mumvura isina kudzika hwakanyorwa akawandisa nekorari marudzi, zvose zvinobatana kuti kusika hunoshamisa dzinongoitika hurongwa. Pazvitsuwa zvacho uye zvitsuwa kunyange yose - mugumisiro basa ravo. In inovhiringidza yokuchinja "zvivako" izvi anowanikwa magakanje nehonye, sechipanji, Starfish, urchins, uye nehove mavara.

In madhaka nzvimbo zvinogona kuwanikwa jumper. hove ichi kuti kwenguva refu kunogona kuva nenzira aqueous unosvikirwa, uye pachena mhepo nzvimbo. Pakadzika akaturikidzana penyanza inogarwa invertebrates, anchovies, Sharks, nyoka, Tuna, hove huru, dugongs. Typical vamiririri shiri huru Indian Ocean vari frigates uye albatross chena. Pamahombekombe, asi PENGUIN kurarama.

Flora

Nemiti pasi penyika kuti aumbe peredinievye, tsvuku calcareous algae uye diatoms. Izvi zvinosanganisira fucus, makrotsistis, kelp. Vanonzi algal Anotumbuka kusangana yebhuruu-nyoro zvinenge.

tengeserana

Fishing zvinoitwa zvinobatsira mune yegungwa pamusoro Indian Ocean. mugove wayo padikidiki kukasapfuura 5% zvachose kugadzirwa. Pedyo Antarctic hove nechinangwa vamiririri whale.

Mune dzimwe nzvimbo Australia ari parera muunganidzwa. dziva Persian unozvikudza zhinji deposits mafuta. Mune dzimwe nharaunda, mined mhangura nesimbi uye manganese. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kune mangoda.