Release nzira pamusoro njanji

Release nzira - iri ngozi njanji. vanhu vangatambura. Uye kune vakadaro tsaona motokari iri kanivhasi nzvimbo yapera. Saka chii uye chii chikonzero?

pamutemo nhamba

Maererano pamutemo umboo kubva weDhipatimendi Rails uye ezvirevo Ushumiri Railways of Russian Federation, kubva 1998 kusvika 2001, pfumbamwe chitima aparara pamusoro Volga, East Siberian, North Caucasus, Moscow uye South-East migwagwa kunokonzerwa chikamu asunungurwe chaionekwa muzvitima. All mutsaona yakaitika munguva kubva masikati kusvika maawa 16 kubva April kusvikira September.

Deformations nokuitika mifananidzo mazano dzamarudzi welded njanji, njanji P65. Pasi jira kuisa kongiri sleepers, yakapwanyika ibwe kutsigisa igwa. Tsaona yakaitika musi ngaatarire anotambanudza mugwagwa, uye paiva vaviri chete nyaya dzeraundi makakombama ane nharaunda 400 kusvika 650 m.

Nokuti azere kuongorora zvikonzero pokuwa anodiwa mashoko pamusoro hwokugadzira ezvinhu nzira uye vezvikwata kuti nokukanda kudanda, derailed. Zvinhu zviri kushumira Railways pakati Data izvi hazvisi kuwanikwa. Zvisinei, zvinokosha kuti nzira iri anobuda ndepana pakuguma chitima, asi kwete pamberi pake, uye kuungana ose ngoro chaizvo nokuda kwechikonzero ichi.

Mienzaniso iyi inoratidza kuti kuparara zvitima nokuti izvi zvinogona kuitika mune ramangwana. Matanho zvinofanira kutorwa kudzivisa akabuda munzira muzvitima.

Release nzira - chii?

Kune mhando inoverengeka zvinokanganiswa njanji: goho, kusarurama, achitevedzera, kuba.

Release nzira - ndiwo mugumisiro kuwedzera kunetseka vari njanji uye kwatangwa buditsa. Thermal kushushikana - mufananidzo zvokuimba kunetseka kunoitika panguva non-dzakafanana tembiricha kugovera. In yakasimba zvakadaro mupfungwa kunoitika pamusana shoma anokwanisa rokuwedzera kana compression dzimwe miviri. Zvakananga, nezvishoma kana kupfupikisa pengarava muhudyu uye kudzivirira laths mumweya pazvitsigiso.

Kana vamutswa moyo kureba kunge yakawedzera imwe mari maererano chafariz kuwedzera coefficient kuti simbi. Saka, zvingava kudukupiswa pamwe kudzikira. Kuchinja kwakadaro zvinopa STRUCTURAL nemaburi njanji. Kana deformation kupfuura zvimwe tatamuka kuchangobva kana kuvharwa. Saka, munguva yechando anogona garo bande nemipande zhizha - kutyora njanji afoot hachichinji.

Temperature ejection nzira -. Dramatic, nguva vanenge 0.2 mumasekonzi, ari curvature pamusoro pengarava akawanda mafungu 30 kusvika 50 cm kunoitika muna chinjikira mundege ari chinhambwe mamita 40 panguva imwe chete vakapararira chips, kutsemura chikamu sleepers. The njanji vari kukodzera kuti zvishandiswezve sezvo vava zvachose akaremara.

How kudzivisa?

Kuti adzivise ejection jointless njanji kuchengeta tembiricha ezvinhu apo kuisa njanji. Nokudaro, garo pakakoromoka saizi inofanira kuiswa enderana pazviri kudziyisa chipasa. Pakati mugove dzamarudzi welded njanji njanji chamboko immobile. Chete kumigumo inogona pfupi kana miforo. Voltage kunoitika muna mira chikamu njanji ndiyo yakazvimirira urefu mhando njanji kana.

changed ake kunokonzera tembiricha. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, chiwepu njanji kuti ngadzirambe pamwe tembiricha siyana. Last dzaona zvichienderana munzira rakatsiga uye nesimba njanji. Zvinobvumidzwa atinosangana compression uye makakatanwa anoenderana tembiricha kuchinja. Kune chaiyo Masvomhu, izvo zvinogona kuona zvishoma netembiricha kunonyanyisa. Basa rinofanira kuitwa panguva tembiricha pamusoro pengarava iyo unoenderana rokumusoro rechitatu dzaona penguva. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana kubva optimum njanji mumhanyi urefu dzinosiyana compulsorily hydraulic tensioner. Nokudaro njanji kutaurwa kuti aida tembiricha.

ipa ezvinhu

Kana akaverenga tembiricha siyana pazasi 10 ° C kana akaipa, kushandiswa dzairamba pechiteshi mutsetse uri chete zvinogoneka nguva nenguva voltage discharges.

Kuti aite izvi, unofanira batanidza yokuenzanisa chamboko. In mazano akadaro, njanji anogona kutsiviwa nenguva kuti refu kana pfupi. Munogona kushandisa yokuenzanisa namano.

tsvakurudzo

Nyika akaona nokubudiswa nzira kubatana. Vanhu kare akatarisana nemigumisiro. MuRussia, mumwe madhipatimendi ose Samara GUPS akavaka uye vakapfuura bvunzo kumira pairi vadzidzi vanogona vanoita kuti vatevedzere mashoko anobuda nzira, iyo inokosha kwazvo kudzidza ichi kwaiparadza chaiyo. Training University polygon rinosanganisira kuchiteshi mutsetse kureba 70 M ane munyonga nharaunda pamusoro mamita 400. Achibatsirwa hydraulic sepombi anogona kusika netsapo matani anosvika 300, kuisa zvarakasiya siyana mune zviri njanji uye chinyorwa, pasi chero mutoro ezvinhu uye achine kunoitika. Kana izvi kunoitika muna chaiyo kuvakwa.