Reindeer ari achinaya mvura: kwemarudzi tsananguro

Zvichida vakawanda vanobvumirana nesu kuti ichi ndicho mhuka runonakidza kuti anogara ari North. The yakakura expanses pamusoro achinaya mvura, taiga munyika yedu, uyewo kumusoro American upenyu ichi rakaisvonaka akanaka - poro.

chitarisiko

Uyu guru mhuka aine muviri simba uye makumbo anoverengeka hupfupi. Pasinei neizvi, zvinoita ichiyevedza chaizvo, kunyanya kana kumhanya. Of Kunyanya runako mhuka iyi anopa umbozha nyanga dzine vanhu vose varume navakadzi.

Ndiyo chaiyo pfuti yenondo - inobatsira kuti vadzivise bere, uye pamwe chete varume havasi averse kuyera pachavo.

shinda

Sezvo mhuka iyi kuchamhembe, nondo ane inodziya chaizvo jasi. Ruvara naye hapana kuchena, anenge chena. Inside negomba bvudzi. Rine mhepo, zvichiita mhuka swims zvakanaka. Uyezve, kavha ichi yeshinda kunodzivirira kutonhora. Pakatanga chando ari undercoat sokuti munyoro, nyoro pasi, uye ipapo nondo havasi kutya zvikuru hasha chando.

Molt kamwe pagore, asi yakareba zvakakwana. Old undercoat anotanga kuwa muna March, itsva rinowanika May. Zvikurukuru ndichibvunza muitiro kunoitika pakupera June uye vose July. Kusvikira September kungava zvidimbu akwegura jasi.

Gobvu uye yakafara mahwanda kubvumira nondo kufamba kunyange chaizvo musinou. ivo according mahwanda ake, kuwana zvokudya zvavo. Animal zvinopfuura nyore kunyange anezvimiti.

Chii rinopa poro?

On nyaya ino, vakawanda vachakuudza kuti achidya poro Moss. Izvi handizvo zvachose. Hwaro hwayo simba Moss, iro zvisizvo inonzi poro Moss. Perennial zvikukutu carpeted pamusoro rukoko ivhu iri achinaya mvura. Nondo anonzwa munhuhwi yake pasi hafu mita echando. Zvisinei, lichen ichi chinokura zvishoma nezvishoma (anenge 5 mm pagore), saka nondo boka kuva vachidzungaira kuburikidza taiga kunotsvaka mafuro matsva.

Moss ndiye zvinovaka muviri chaizvo, dzinongoitika mushonga kunobatanidzwa kwayo sezvamunoita. Kuramba kutaura pamusoro chii anodya ari poro, tinofanira kuona kuti chikwindi haadi chete zvokudya mhuka idzi. Summer nondo nomufaro regale michero, miriwo, howa, mashizha nemiti yakabva kune dzimwe. Kwete vakawanda vanoziva kuti poro, mapikicha izvo unogona kuona munyaya ino, mune zvimwe zviitiko, anogona kuita sezvo chikara, vachidya dzimwe mhuka duku, dzakadai lemmings.

Reindeer Kazhinji mumafuro, asi ivo vakanyanyisa furawa bota, uswa, silage.

Lifestyle poro

Mumwe nomumwe, mhuka idzi havagoni kuvapo. Reindeer mu achinaya mvura vanogara nemombe, iyo nhamba kubva vanoverengeka makumi ezviuru evanhu. nzira iyi youpenyu nokuti kuti panguva yokutama mhuka iri boka vazvidzivirire nyore pazvikara. Life poro chokuita kutama zvachose. Somuenzaniso, mukupera kwematsutso makwai kuti anowanzoita kurarama achinaya mvura, vanoenda rwezasi, ari taiga - munguva yechando munzvimbo idzi nyore kuwana zvokudya. mhuka idzi simba uchitsvaka zvokudya kunogona kukurira chinhambwe pamusoro 1000? km.

vavengi nondo

Nguva dzose poro vakanga vachiidza zvakatapwa kuti zvikara zvakasiyana-siyana. Mukuru ngozi nokuda kwavo Mhumhi wolverines. The kupfuura yakanaka nguva yavo - panguva nondo yokutama. Panguva iyi, mutana uye simba vanhu shure remombe. Ndizvo pamusoro pavo uye wolverines nemhumhi varwise.

Hatigoni kutaura kuti vanhu ndivo zvakare vavengi yomusango nondo. Nokuti kukosha munhu ndiyo nyama, matehwe uye nyanga mhuka. Pasinei neizvi, nevanhu kwemarudzi mazhinji ezvinhu nondo zviri zvakanaka vakachengetedzwa. Munzvimbo idzi apo mhuka kunodzivirirwa, havana kutya munhu, kazhinji kupinda mugwagwa mumativi.

Nhasi, ari kuchamhembe Europe pane vanenge zviuru 600 nondo, uye mune polar mudunhu nyika yedu - vanenge 800 zviuru. Reindeer zvakawanda - vanenge mamiriyoni matatu specimens.

kubereka

Mumatsutso anouya zvipfuyo iyo boka richitora mazamu, izvo kwakaratidzwa kakawanda uye hondo chisimba vanhurume. Reindeer barika. Mu "revakadzi" ndiyo imwe munhurume 15 vanhukadzi. Duration pamuviri - 246 mazuva. Vachangoberekwa mhuru vanoberekerwa May uye June. Kazhinji rimwe mhuru anoberekerwa, zviri zvikuru isingawanzowanikwi - maviri. Kurema avhareji hwishu iri 6.5 makirogiramu. Papera vhiki mbiri, mwana anotanga kukura nyanga. Maviri dzimwe nguva makore matatu kuti mai nondo achifamba.

Nechekare pagore upenyu rechipiri, iye vachiyaruka. Avhareji span upenyu hwemhuka - makore 20.

Muna December, mushure Rut, varume rakadeurwa nyanga dzavo. Vanhukadzi regai kusiya navo.

Types Reindeer

Kune mhando mbiri mhuka idzi. chikamu chekutanga - North American. Inoitwa subspecies anoverengeka. Alaska, Zimbabwe, Canada - ndima rinogarwa nokuda poro kwemarudzi. Munyika dzinonzi caribou.

chikamu chechipiri kuchibva subspecies vaigara Eurasia - dondo, Finnish, kweArctic poro, Novaya Zemlya.

dzaichengetwa poro

chikamu ichi mhuka anokodzerwa munechimwewo nhaurirano. boka iri zvinosanganisira matatu akasiyana mhando - Kunyange, Nenets, Evenk.

Nenets erudzi - mugumisiro makore maberekero basa. Zvichida uchifarira uko Reindeer ichi erudzi upenyu? Pets zvakapararira munyika Urals. Rora kusiyaniswa nomumhu, asi mhuka kutsungirira incredible. Color kunyanya shava. nondo izvi zvinoshandiswa Sled. Vanhurume Avhareji kuyera 140 makirogiramu, female - makirogiramu 100.

Evenki poro pamusoro achinaya mvura inowanzoshandiswa kutakura zvinhu. Kazhinji, ndiyo mhuka senga.

The Kunyange nondo - pasi, saka zvishoma akaomarara. Kazhinji, vari akatunhidzwa kuti vabereke mukaka uye nyama.

Sei poro

Munguva ichangopfuura, upenyu vanhu vazhinji zvaitsamira mhuka iyi, sezvinoita poro. Mune achinaya mvura chokuvapo kwevanhu hakwaikwanisika pasina mubatsiri yakadaro. Wildlife vanhu North anovhima nyama nenzira iyi. Asi kakawanda akatunhidzwa poro. Nokuti kuchamhembe marudzi mhuka iyi inobatanidza. In zvokudya akashandisa nyama yake, nhengo dzomukati. Vakadzi Reindeer zvinopa zvinogutsa mukaka. Denda uye yaranga pabutiro namatehwe emhuka. Leather shangu uye kusona pamusoro yechando zvipfeko.

Kubva namatehwe nondo, vanonzi hwishu, kusona overalls uye masutu kuti vaduku northerners neheti nevakura.

Kubva zvidimbu zvidiki dzemakwai anogadzirwa matkamuistoja, zvemaoresa.

Asi pasina mubvunzo, nondo antler (anowanzonzi dzinochemera) ndiwo zvinhu chinokosha. Vakaita zvakasiyana-siyana zvemumba. Asi chikuru kukosha kwavo iri rinoporesa ehupfumi. Kwemakore anopfuura 3,000 vanachiremba Oriental vakashandisa mushoma kuti nyanga kurapa vanhu.

Kwete kare, nyanzvi ano kuziva mubvunzo sei chete nondo anogona itangezve hwamanda, uye panzvimbo dzavo itsva. Mushure tsvakurudzo, vakazoona - mune nyanga vakawana zviratidzo anokonzera pakuberekwa kutsva repfupa masero. Naizvozvo vataure kana upfu simbi inoshandiswa pakurapa zvakakomba zvirwere mapfupa uye mapfundo. Uyezve, kugadzirira kunobva nyanga - a simba immunostimulatory mumiririri. Vanogadzwa dzakakwirira kwomuviri nepfungwa mupfungwa.

Munguva dzekare somunhu cartage akashandisa poro. Muna achinaya mvura, mahanisi kuti Sled, nyore aitakura hondo panzvimbo chaiyo mumugwagwa. Nhasi, pamwe mberi zvigadzirwa, kudiwa yakanyangarika. Asi ikozvino, poro, ane mapikicha kazhinji shongedza promotional nzira kuchamhembe nzvimbo, chikamu mitambo, vaifamba vashanyi.

In hwokumusoro kumatunhu nyika yedu, muna zvakaoma okunze vanhu vakakwanisa kusika kujairika mhuka minda. Vanhu hanya nondo ndiko kuvadzivirira kubva zvikara yechando, uye kubva tumbuyu muzhizha. Zvinofanira akati kuti mabasa zvainanga ichi, havasi inoshanda nguva dzose.

Pasinei zvose zvakanakira yebudiriro, uye nhasi, mumwe pamusoro mubetseri vamwe vanhu - poro. The achinaya mvura zvakaoma kurarama pasina mhuka iyi yakanaka uye simba.