Reactive simba nesimba. Nekurangarira kuti reactive simba

Electrical hurongwa zvinowanisa yose simba, iyo rakakamurwa rinokosha, kana basa uye residual inonzi reactive simba. Chokwadi kuti uye sei voitakura kunze ndizvidavirire nyaya vachakuudza.

Residual simba: chii?

motokari All yemagetsi dzinoturwa reactive uye zvinoshingaira okunze. Naivowo zvinodya magetsi. Izvi zvinosanganisira reactive yeimwe netambo, capacitors uye transformer windings.

Paaiita izvi AC impedances indexed reactive electromotive masimba kuti vaunze reactive iyezvino.

In zvivako uye midziyo yemagetsi, generating rakatumbuka kuitika yaishandiswa simba wedzerai reactive simba, iyo pave remagineti ane yemagetsi munda.

Zvazvakaita of inductive reactance simba remagineti chokusika

namano zvose dzinofambiswa nokuda mains, vane inductive reactance. Yakanga nekuvongwa iye kuti magetsi uye voltage tiri pakatarisana zviratidzo. Somuenzaniso, kuti voltage ane kunaka chiratidzo, uye ano - akanaka, kana vakutarisire.

Panguva ino, magetsi anogadzirwa inductive chinhu Reserve, ari vibrational kufamba anobva pomumbure nokuda mutoro kubva jenareta uye shure zvakare. Izvi anonzi reactive simba, iyo pave remagineti ane yemagetsi munda.

Ko sei uchifanira reactive simba?

Tinogona kutaura kuti nechinangwa murau kuchinja anokonzera pemambure ano. Idzi dzinosanganisira:

• Tsigira remagineti panguva inductance mudunhu;
• pamberi capacitors uye waya muripo rutsigiro.

Zvinetso kukura reactive simba

Kana samambure ane guru mugove chizvarwa reactive simba, zvakakodzera:

• kuwedzera mano nesimba namano kuti zvakagadzirirwa rokutendeutsa zvemagetsi simba pamusoro voltage mune zvemagetsi simba yakasiyana voltage tsika;
• kuwedzera waya chikamu;
• rwisana achifumira simba Nokurasikirwa musimba mano uye hutachiwana mitsetse;
• kuwedzera vachibhadharisa pakuchinja magetsi kudya;
• kubata nokurasikirwa romugove voltage.

Musiyano uri pakati basa uye reactive simba?

Vanhu inoshandiswa kubhadhara magetsi ivo zvinodya. Vanobhadhara nokuti simba rakashandiswa kudziyisa, kubika, mvura kudziyisa muimba yokugezera (uyo anoshandisa munhu sepombi), uye zvimwe zvinobatsira magetsi simba. Inonzi tichishingaira.

Active uye reactive simba zvakasiyana pakuti wechipiri unomirira Zvakasara simba usingagoni kushandiswa kubatsira basa. Nemamwe mashoko, ivo vaviri kuumba simba rakakwana. Saizvozvowo, vatengi hazvibatsiri kubhadhara kuwedzera zvikuru basa uye reactive simba nesimba, uye bhizimisi kunobatsira kuti akabhadhara venguva chinzvimbo. Zvinoita here zvimwe kugadzirisa nyaya? Ngatitarisei nazvo.

The chakayerwa simba rakawanda?

Kuyera ukaparadza simba achishandisa basa uye reactive simba mita. counter All akakamurwa rimwe-danho uye zvitatu maitikiro. Ndoupi musiyano?

Single danho mamita inoshandiswa kugoverwa yemagetsi simba vatengi, vanoshandisa kuti mumhuri kushandiswa. Power danho razvino rinoitwa.

Three-danho metres inoshandiswa azvidavirire nokuda yose simba. Ivo dzinoiswa inobva simba romugove redunhu muna mashanu nezvina.

Kuzivisisa kuti nzira pakusanganisirawo counter

Kubva nenzira vanobatanidzwa, vari mapoka mapoka matatu:

1. Usashandisa transformers uye zvakananga zvaisanganisira mune zvakananga kubatana Network counter.
2. Kushandisa simba mano zvinosanganisira counter polukosvennogo usanganidzo.
3. Unovhara kunanga kubatana. Vari chokuita pomumbure, kwete chete nokushandiswa simba ano mano, asi nokushandiswa voltage transformers.

Kuzivisisa nokuti nzira mubhadharo counter

Pakazosvika nzira dzokubhadharisa magetsi metres inogona kukamurwa zvinotevera mapoka:

1. Counter, inobva kushandiswa tariffs, mbiri - chiito yavo kuti mwero simba rakawanda kunosiyana-siyana zuva rose. Ndiko, mangwanani uye masikati zviri duku pane manheru.
2. Counter prepaid - zvavanoita inobva chokwadi kuti mutengi kubhadhara magetsi pachine, sezvazvakanyorwa riri kure dzokugara.
3. Counter achiratidza kunonyanyisa mutoro - mutengi inobhadhara oga nokuti simba ukapisa uye kufadza mutoro.

Nekurangarira kuti simba rizere

Nekurangarira kuti unoshanda nesimba chinotungamirwa panguva tsananguro:

1. The zvemagetsi simba kunotangira pakati michina nokuda kweShanduro voltage panguva simba chirimwa.
2. uwandu simba kuti wapera nokuda zvinodiwa substations uye simba zvinomera.
3. Electricity zvekushandisa zvainanga makasitoma ayo.
4. Energy kune dzimwe simba nehurongwa.
5. Electric simba, iyo pfekai njanji simba vatengi.

Funga reactive yemagetsi simba vatengi nokubata kwesimba chete kunodiwa kana Data vanoverengerwa uye kudzora mudziyo mashandiro muoti, compensating simba ichi.

Where zvinoongororwa simba yasara?

Counter reactive simba yakatarwa:

1. Asi apo uye counter anoshanda simba kuti ndizvidavirire. Akavaraira vatengi, uyo kubhadhara vachikwanisa zvizere vanoshandisa.
2. On reactive simba maererano anopa kuti vatengi. Izvi zvinoitwa, kana zvakakodzera kudzora muitiro unongotaura.

Kana mushandisi anobvumirwa kurega simba akasara pomumbure, akaiisa 2 pakaunda muchitokisi hurongwa, sezvamakaropafadzwa mugove inobatsira simba. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, isa yoga pakaunda kuchikwama kuti reactive simba.

How kuponesa pasi magetsi rakawanda?

Dzakakurumbira chaizvo munharaunda iyi anoshandisa mudziyo kuponesa magetsi. chiito Its inobva kudzvinyirira ari residual magetsi.

In wanhasi unogona kuwana zvakawanda mano izvi, izvo tichifunga transformer, kutungamirira simba mugwara.

Mudziyo chokukuponesa magetsi anorayira simba iyi zvakasiyana-siyana zvokushandisa mhuri.

Vakarongeka kushandiswa magetsi

Nokuti pfungwa pakushandisa simba chinhu kururamiswa simba rinoshandiswa. Kuti aite izvi, kushandisa capacitor mabhanga, Motors uye compensators.

Vanobatsira kuderedza kurasikirwa vanoshingaira simba, izvo zvinokonzerwa rukafema nokunze pamusoro reactive simba. Izvi zvinooneka zvarinoita padanho chokufambisa kwesayenzi nezvinhu dzemagetsi kuparadzirwa network.

The inobatsira simba muripo?

Kushandiswa nembesa simba muripo kunogona kuunza zvikuru kubatsira nenzira yemari.

Maererano nenhamba, avo kushandiswa kunounza kuti 50% rokuponesa muna zvekushandisa kuti kushandisa magetsi simba mumativi ose Russian Federation.

Cash Investments vari kushandiswa kuisa kwavo, recouped mukati gore kushandiswa rokutanga.

Uyewo, apo projected kugadzwa Data wire akatengeswa ane zviduku muchinjikwa chikamu, riri kunobatsira chaizvo.

Zvakanakira condensing zviumbu

Kushandiswa condensing zviumbu vane zvinotevera zvinhu zvakanaka:

1. A zvishomanana kurasikirwa vanoshingaira simba.
2. The capacitor zvidzidzo havasi kutenderera zvikamu.
3. Ndivo nyore kushandisa uye kushanda.
4. Investment mari havasi kumusoro.
5. Vanoshanda chinyararire.
6. Vanogona iiswe pose magetsi network.
7. Unogona kusarudza chero achida chinzvimbo.

Musiyano kubva condenser zvivako compensators uye synchronous Motors ndechokuti Sefa-zvakamira rinoitwa synchronously muripo simba kumumanikidza pamwe zviri ndanyarara hangu zvakarukwa harmonics. On sei simba iri ndanyarara hangu, uye achavaponesa mutengo magetsi, uye ukuwo, kubva mwero ano.

Ndezvipi muripo zviripo?

In kushanda condensing zviumbu ndiwo mhando anotevera pamusoro woutsinye simba:

1. Individual.
2. Group.
3. Centralized.

Ngatikurukurei chimwe nechimwe chazvo.

munhu simba

Condensing zvidzidzo chiri panzvimbo zvemagetsi vagamuchiri uye anobatidzwa panguva iyoyo sezvo ivo.

Zvazvakashatira kwakadai muripo anoonekwa kuti novimba-nguva capacitor kubhengi kubva inception simba vatengi. Uyezve, asati kuita basa zvakakodzera kutungamirira kugadzwa yemagetsi capacitance uye inductance yacho receiver. Izvi zvakakodzera kudzivisa resonant pakaitika.

boka chinzvimbo

Zita anotaura woga. simba iri kushandiswa simba muripo wandei inductances, izvo panguva chokuita chimwe switchgear chokugadza ane nevakawanda capacitor.

Munguva mawa vachizvitakudza kunowedzera coefficient inclusions, zvinoita kuti vasanyanye simba. Izvi zvinobatsira kuti nani waivako capacitor kubhengi. The residual simba iri woutsinye zvinobudirira kupfuura kana munhu wacho chinzvimbo.

The Zvakashatira izvi ndiko kukwana okuyerera reactive simba nesimba afoot.

centralized simba

Kusiyana wacho uye boka simba, simba iri chinjika. Rinoshandiswa kuti siyana kusiyana pamusoro residual simba rakawanda.

A guru muchinangwa mutemo runodiwa capacitor simba rine reactive kushanda mutoro ano. Panyaya iyi, installation inofanira vakagadzirira pamwe otomatiki kuzvidzora, uye muripo kwayo simba rizere rakakamurwa yoga switchable Danho.

Ndeapi matambudziko zviri kugadziriswa capacitor nemabhangi

Zvechokwadi, pakutanga kwezvose, ivo nechinangwa kudzivisa reactive simba, asi ivo kubatsira kugadzirwa zvinotevera mabasa:

1. In muitiro kudzvanyirira reactive simba, ukuwo, uye yose simba ipfupi, zvinoita kuti vasanyanye mutoro simba transformers.
2. Mutoro Power inopiwa Via imwe waya ane zviduku muchinjikwa chikamu, sezvamakaropafadzwa hakuna kuputira overheating.
3. Unogona batanidza yokuwedzera basa simba.
4. Kunoitawo kudzivisa zvakadzama undervoltage panguva romugove mitsetse kure vanoshandisa.
5. Application zvionera simba Diesel emagetsi anouya kufadza (shipboard magetsi gadziriro, simba Geological mapati, kuvaka nzvimbo, uye ubanguranyika kuchera rigs r. D.).
6. Individual muripo nyore kushanda induction Motors.
7. In zvinoitirwawo pakaita condenser hadzisisina adzima pakarepo.
8. Rwoga kusashanda kudziyisa kana kufefetedza zvivako.

Pane dzakasiyana maviri condensing dzakabatana. modular ichi, kushandiswa guru mabhizimisi, uye mumapepa - nokuti madiki.

To muchidimbu

Reactive simba nesimba kwakakanganisa zvarinoita chokupika yose magetsi hurongwa. Izvi zvinotungamirira migumisiro dzakadai voltage kurasikirwa mambure uye kwakawedzera mafuta mari.

Panyaya iyi, achishingaira akashandisa simba iri compensators. Vabatsirwe haisi chete zvakanaka mari mari, asiwo zvinotevera:

1. Vawedzere upenyu simba mano.
2. Kunatsiridza magetsi.
3. Chengetedza mari kutenga chikamu chiduku waya.
4. Kwakaderedza kudyiwa yemagetsi simba.