Polysemy - vourawa chinonakidza? Types uye mienzaniso polysemy

Polysemy - unoreva zvakawanda ichi. Mamwe mashoko mumwe chete lexical rinoreva. Dzinonzi yakavhenganiswa. Asi vazhinji mashoko mumutauro wokuRussia vane vakawanda zvazvinoreva. Saka vakatumidza multi-kukosheswa.

tsananguro

Polysemy - a lexical chakajairika, icho akaziva mumutauro akanyorwa kana kutaurwa. Asi kuti tinzwisise mumumvuri zvinorehwa ichi kana kuti zviratidzo zvinogona chete kuva akapoteredza. The unoreva zvakawanda kweshoko "musha" - mumwe muenzaniso Chiitiko, izvo zvemutauro rinonzi "polysemy" wakajeka. mienzaniso:

1. The imba iri pamahombekombe erwizi (sechivako meimba).
2. House vakavhura wedzimba (upfumi).
3. Kubvira ipapo, vane ushamwari dzimba (mhuri).

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuti kujekesa chirevo, asi rakamanikana chechinyorwa. Zvinokosha chete kuyeuka chero zvakajairika chipauro kunzwisisa chii polysemy. Mienzaniso inowanika uye kunyora, uye kutaura.

The chipauro "kunyarara" rine zvirevo zvizhinji. mienzaniso:

1. The vocalist vakaimba nenzwi riri pasi.
2. Mwana akasiyana nemafungiro akanyarara.
3. Mutyairi haana kufanana chokufambisa nyarara.
4. Pazuva kwaive wakadzikama ekunze.
5. Kuburikidza dzakaonda rusvingo aigona kunzwa kwake kufema nyoro.

Kunyange zvishoma chirevo chechinyorwa runoita kujekesa zvinoreva shoko. Pose mienzaniso iyi chipauro "nyoro" inogona kutsiviwa nechimwe. mienzaniso:

• akanyarara (nyarara) izwi;
• nyarara (wakadzikama) chimiro;
• kudzikama (windless) ekunze.

Polysemy - imwe tsika kuri muna mumwe chete chiratidzo. Mumwe tsika (mumwe ari tsananguro duramazwi anogara wokutanga kutaura) anonzi kuva huru imwe. Vamwe - nomukaka.

mhando

The tsika neshoko chokuita nomumwe. Zvinoumba hierarchical kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro hurongwa. Zvichienderana chii kutaurirana Kunobatanidza Rinobva tsika kubva chinoumba, inogona voga uye polisemii marudzi. All vatatu.

TOUR polysemy - kutanga umo nechimwe hwokurara tsika zvakabatana huru. Somuenzaniso: cherry wemichero, Cherry jamhu, Cherry ruvara.

Kana polisemii cheni nerimwe tsika chokuita yapfuura mumwe. mienzaniso:

1. Right Bank.
2. Right bato.
3. sangano Right.

A chepfungwa wemishonga riri yakavhenganiswa polisemii zvinhu.

dimikira

Polysemy mumutauro Russian - kutanga kwete chete lexical asiwo manyorero. Various zvirungamutauro - chiri hwokurara tsika imwe chiratidzo. Uye nekuti marudzi zvitatu polysemy vari: kwokufananidzira, metonymy, synecdoche.

Muchiitiko chokutanga tiri kutaura pamusoro kuchinjwa zita kubva chimwe chinhu kana chiitiko kune mumwe. Chikonzero kuchinjwa zvakafanana unhu zvakasiyana.

Poetry akapfuma okufananidzira. Nemaeva Tine okuti "Plyuysya, mhepo, armfuls mashizha." Rechiito "havana hanya", sechikamu okuti "kudzingana mweya" rinowanika kwazvo kakawanda nhetembo vamwe vanyori. Zvino wekutanga uye kana yechipiri pane metaphorization. In journalistic kana sayenzi chinyorwa rechiito "havana hanya" rinogona kushandiswa chete mupfungwa anotaurwa tsananguro duramazwi, kureva pfungwa. A Dal anotsanangura pfungwa iyi sezvo "kunze simba kurasa mate kubva pamuromo."

metonymy

Pane dzimwe nzira rokusika ukoshi idzva. Metonymy - vakatakura zita romumwe chinhu kune umwe yakavakirwa zvimwe zvakafanana. mienzaniso:

1. Akanga kuomera uye kufungira, asi nekuti silverware akasaichengeta mukamuri uye mubhedhuru, pasi metiresi.
2. Gore rakapera, international kukwikwidzana esirivha akaenda muimbi kubva Sweden.
3. Silver - simbi iyi inozivikanwa nevanhu kubvira kare.

Kana metonymy zvinhu kana mananara kuti vakabatana pasi zita rimwe, vane zvakafanana chisungo. In rugwaro pane zvikuru akasiyana-siyana neshamwari. Dzimwe nguva kureva vazhinji rinonzi guta iro ivo vanogara. Somuenzaniso: "Moscow akati bhayibhayi kuti wemifananidzo kukuru."

synecdoche

nzira chinja kwakadaro kunobva zvinokosheswa muzvizhinji yokutsiva chete. Nikolai Gogol Somuenzaniso, muna nhetembo "Vakafa Mweya" hurukuro pamusoro yenyika zvatariswa chavagari Russia. Asi anoti: "Ndizvo vanhu Russian ...." Zvisinei, akataura pfungwa runowanikwa ari kuongorora dzakasiyana vanhu nedzokunze servility pamberi pedare madunhurirwa uye pamisara.

zvikanganiso

Kunwa zvakawanda mazwi kunotungamirira kuti kukanganisa zvinoreva yose mutongo. Uye dzimwe nguva kunyange kukodzera munhu anofadza. Mumwe mutsinhiri, tichicherechedza kunoshamisa migumisiro vatambi, akatora nzvimbo yokutanga muna kupfura, akati: "Hazvina kupfura varume vose." Mumwe terevhizheni wenhau, vachitsanangura nzira nyama yemhuka wechesi, akaderedza okuti "kukura nemifananidzo", somugumisiro akava nani zvakawanda wokuti, "Gaprindashvili akaita lagged shure vorongerwa ayo kukura."

Munyori achishandisa polysemy, anofanira nechokwadi kururama ayo mashoko. Zvikasadaro, vaverengi vachava kududzira zvinyorwa pavanenge kufadza. Somuenzaniso: "Vana vechikoro chesekondari vakashanyira Museum of Art, uye akaita chaizvo uye hunakidze."