Pfungwa internalization - chinokosha kwepfungwa mabasa

Nyaya anopa Vhuṱanzi pfungwa internalization pamusoro. Fani iyi huri unhu rokumusoro mupfungwa mashandiro uye basa. Izwi akanga yakataurwa zvose Western uye Soviet vanachiremba, kunyanya mu kuumbwa vari zvepfungwa basa.

The tsananguro

Pfungwa internalization yakatanga kwakamboitwa zvesayenzi pakubata vatsvakurudzi France. Pakutanga akanga yakasiyana iteriorizatsii. Yaiva kutanga, zvinoreva kuti muitiro vaccinating ari dzematongerwe wacho, ndiro kuziva nzanga hwakatamisirwa kupinda hana wacho.

Psychoanalysts funga siyanei tsanangudzo internalization. Izvi, maererano navo, mumwe muitiro kuitika psyche wacho uye kuziva ukama yaivapo kana kwete huripo chinhu, kuchinja kwezvakatipoteredza zvinhu munyaya dzomunyika zvakatipoteredza chinhu. Fani iyi ichiri nyaya kukurukurwa mune psychoanalytic divi. Panguva iyoyo, masayendisiti haana mawana kana dzakafanana pezvakaitwa zvakadai introjection, uye kuziva Absorção de Água, kana zvaitika munguva yakafanana inofambirana.

kwepfungwa Soviet L. S. Vygotsky akapa zvinotevera tsanangudzo internalization - ndiyo kuchinja dzimwe mabasa ari womukati hwaiitwa chavanoziva. Masayendisiti anodavira kuti kwokutanga mupfungwa kukura kuitika kwokunze zvakatipoteredza uye achavaponesa siyana zvezvakatipoteredza zvikonzero pamusoro, kugara mumhuri woga. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, izvi zvekunze nevakawanda siyana basa nokuda Chiitiko kuti internalization vari yokuita zvinoitwa munhu kuziva uye akava akakwirira mupfungwa mashandiro anoita imwe munhu.

ari internalization kwacho sei?

It watopiwa akanongedza kuti zvimwewo hukama pakati vanhu zvishoma nezvishoma dzikava dzakanga mupfungwa mashandiro womunhu, akadai ndangariro, mafungiro, maonero, manyawi, fungidziro. L. S. Vygotsky dzaiitisa kuedza pachikoro kuzosimbisa yokungotaura zvekungofungira dzavo. Somugumisiro kudzidza, vatsvakurudzi vakasvika zvinotevera mhedziso:

• Ona chirongwa kuvakwa dzakakwirira pfungwa mashandiro zvinogoneka chete Genesi, pashure vachava kuumba. Zvadaro, mamiriro kunosanganisira rakadzika kuziva uye kuva indistinguishable.
• Internalization kwakabatsira kuzomukazve vanoziva remangwana kana zvinofunga chokwadi nokuchinja mashoko kwokunze siyana ari munyika.
• Akaumba musimboti rakaoma zvinonzwisisika, kunyanya kana tiri kutaura maererano vasiri kwendangariro. Nokuti kwayo pokukurukura zvishandiso vaida mumwe mhando - nepfungwa.

Muitiro tishandurwe nechitarisiko ukama zvemukati kuburikidza internalization. kutendeuka Izvi hazvirevi kutora nzvimbo yavo pachavo, nokuti inobvawo pane vanhu vakavapoteredza, vachitaura navo. Chete kuburikidza zvakakwana dzidzo mwana uye psyche rake kukura zvakanaka. Chiitiko pamusoro internalization kunobatsira munhu kuita pfungwa urongwa kunyora zvakajeka nhaurirano, kuti funga zviiti- siyana. Kufunga abstrakti Mapoka zvava kuwanikwa.

internalization basa

Mumwe izwi - chibereko basa nevanhu. Saka, zvakaoma zvinogoneka kudzidzisa ichi. Asi nemhaka zvakanaka vakarongeka kudzidza kwauchaita internalization basa riri mberi uye zvishoma nezvishoma.

Somuenzaniso, mudzidzi ari kudzidza kuverenga. Chokutanga, inofanira kudzidza zvokunze siyana, kuti ndiyo tsamba. Zvadaro zvishoma nezvishoma mudzidzi kudzidza mabhii uye akatanga kuverenga zvinonzwika. Asi kuverenga iyi zvatinokanganisa asingadi kugumira ipapo, nokuti akatevera chikuva verenga zvinonzwika yezwi kupinda kuverenga yomukati. Ndiwo muitiro unoponesa kwokunze zviito rokumusoro mupfungwa mabasa - inofanira internalization.

Kuwedzera Fani iyi, kunewo vamwe zvakanyanyisa pfungwa. Internalization uye externalization - akafanana kumativi maviri mari. Mumwe kunoshandura kuti kwokunze kune nechomukati, uye mumwe - dzomunyika kune kwokunze. Somuenzaniso, kana munhu zvoga unyanzvi zvinopera, munhu anotanga kutsvaka zvakaipa uye kuita chimwe chinhu zvakanaka. Saka, yomukati kudzokera kwokunze.

Ndakaita kudzidzawo uye kukura ava pfungwa mukati yechinangwa dzidziso mumatanho okukura pfungwa basa P. Ya. Galperin. Aiona inonyanya nenhanho internalization kuti munhu anogona kuita zvimwe zviito mupfungwa, pasina zvimwe evanhu.

Pfungwa P. Ya. Galperina

Masayendisiti anodavira kuti pfungwa akavhiyiwa akaumba chete pashure matanho aya:

1. Kujairirana vaita zvinodiwa.
2. External kuchinja zvinhu.
3. Chaizvoizvo, internalization - kukura kuita pasina zvinhu midziyo, kuchinja urongwa yomukati. It anoshandisa kutaura zvokunze kureva nechitarisiko zvinhu.
4. Final ndima rwokutaura basa mupfungwa.
5. Panopera internalization.

Ndiyo nzira pfungwa hwomunhu uye zvimwewo zviito inotumirwa internalization kuva basa mupfungwa.