Chii svikiro mudumbu, uye mwero Kutsauka

Kugaya - chinhu chisinganzwisisiki multistage vasiri mutoo umo zvokudya (panobva simba uye zvinovaka muviri kuti muviri), kunoitwa zvomudumbu turakiti, kaviri zvemaziso uye mushonga kurapwa.

Kunyanya pfungwa kugaya

Kugaya zvinosanganisira zvemaziso (wetting nokurumanya) uye nemakemikari marara. Makemikari kwacho kunosanganisira anoverengeka anotevedzana zvokukura anotsemura kunzwisisa zvinhu kuti nyore zvinhu, ayo zvino wefodya unopinda muropa.

Inouya pamwe kwairayirwa kutora chikamu kwe makemikari kuti mhanyisa kwemasayendisiti mumuviri. The catalysts zvinoberekwa ari zvomudumbu omumuviri uye chikamu facial secreted navo. Education makemikari zvinoenderana kana nharaunda mudumbu, nemumuromo mhango nezvimwe zvikamu zvomudumbu turakiti yakaiswa kune imwe nguva.

Vakati vagura muromo, pharynx uye yegurokuro, zvokudya anopinda dumbu sezvo musanganiswa emura uye particulate mazino nezvishoma. muvhenganiswa ichi chaiva pasi pokudzora gastric muto kupinda mvura uye Semi-mura guru iro yakavhenganiswa kwazvo nokuda peristalsis madziro. Next wouya duodenum, apo zviri mberi kugadzira makemikari.

Hunhu zvokudya zvinobva iro unosvikirwa pamuromo uye mudumbu inovhurwa. Kazhinji, ari nemumuromo mhango alkalescent ezvinhu. Fruit facial uye kuti kuderera nomumukanwa mvura ph (3.0) uye paumbwe imwe acidic kwezvakatipoteredza. Products ane Ammonium uye urea (menthol, chizi, nzungu), mate kungaita kuti munhu alkaline maitiro (ph 8,0).

Sechivako mudumbu

Dumbu - negomba nhengo umo zvokudya inochengeterwa, zvishoma ozeyewa uye kunyura. Nhengo yaiva rokumusoro hafu abdominal mhango. Kana tikaswedera munhu wehunyambiri mutsetse kuburikidza guvhu uye rumbabvu keji, anenge 3/4 mudumbu kusvikira rworuboshwe. In vakuru, bhuku mudumbu iri avhareji 2-3 litres. Nepo unoparadza yakawanda zvokudya inokura, uye kana vanhu vari kuziya nenzara - ipfupi.

Maumbirwe mudumbu dzingasiyana-siyana maererano rayo zvekupfakira zvokudya uye magasi uyewo zvichienderana mamiriro pedyo nhengo: rwatata, chiropa, ura. Maumbirwe dumbu uye zvazvinoita mataurire masvingo aro.

The dumbu chinhu kwenguva chikamu zvomudumbu turakiti. Pavanopinda chinhu sphincter mhasuru (pyloric vharafu) - Mugove asipo zvokudya kubva yegurokuro mudumbu. Part, yakabatana nzvimbo pamukova yegurokuro, rinonzi cardiac. Kuruboshwe rwake pasi mudumbu. The pakati chikamu unonzi "muviri gastric."

Pakati antral (Chokwadi) ari nhengo uye duodenum ndeimwe wegedhi. Its kuvhura nokuvhara kudzora kwemakemikari mikana yakawanda yokukurudzira wobudiswa ura diki.

Zvakakurukurwa sechivako mudumbu rusvingo

Rusvingo mudumbu iri mudungwe nhatu akaturikidzana. The rukoko yomukati - mucosa ichi. Anoumba pazvirugu, uye pepasi wakafukidzwa mumasero (pane anenge 35 miriyoni) kuti pave dumbu acid, zvomudumbu makemikari yakagadzirirwa makemikari kubudiswa chikafu. Basa mumasero izvi anosarudza iyo unosvikirwa mudumbu - alkaline kana acidic - hunogadzwa imwe nguva.

Submucosa ane runako gobvu maumbirwo kupinda manzwiro nemidziyo ropa.

Chechitatu rukoko ndiyo mumuhara simba kuti chinosanganisira kumeso fibers zvinodiwa kuti kubudiswa uye kusunda chikafu.

Kunze dumbu akafukidza gobvu nevamwe - peritoneum.

Gastric muto: marongerwo uye zvinhu

The huru basa panguva padariro kugaya kunoita gastric muto. Omumuviri mudumbu zviri siyana ari mamiriro, asi chikuru basa pakugadzirwa gastric mvura kutamba masero secreting pepsinogen, hydrochloric asidhi uye mucoid fuma (madzihwa).

Zvomudumbu muto iri uncoloured mvura odorless uye anosarudza izvo svikiro kunofanira mudumbu. Iye munhu anzi acidic. Kudzidza ari kuziva miedzo pathologies nyanzvi Nyore yokusarudza mamiriro ezvinhu aripo pasina kunyorwa (kutsanya) mudumbu. Izvi inorangarira kuti chakaipa acidity kuti muto achitsanya achiri pasi, asi zvikava kwazvo kana dzinovhurika secretion.

Munhu vanobatisisa zvisingatomboiti kudya masikati zvinoberekwa 1.5-2.5 litres ose gastric mvura. The inokosha kwacho kuti anowanika mudumbu - ndiye kutanga kukamurwa mapurotini. Sezvo gastric muto kunokanganisa secretion pakati catalysts pakati nedanho kugaya, zvinova pachena kuti nzvimbo yacho mudumbu makemikari mhando zvinoshingaira - ari acid.

Makemikari zvinoberekwa omumuviri ari gastric mucosa

Pepsin - chikuru enzayemu yacho zvomudumbu muto, zvinobatanidzwa yokuparara kwemapurotini. Zvinonzi zvinoberekwa kuitwa hydrochloric asidhi kubva ayo aizotangira - pepsinogen. Pepsin anenge 95% kubva gastric muto kukamurwa chaitika. The Mwero ayo yakakwirira basa, vanoti mienzaniso chaiyo 1 g iyi zvinhu yakakwana kugaya kwemaawa maviri, makirogiramu 50 zai chena uye mukaka curdle 100,000 litres.

Mucin (gastric madzihwa) iri kunzwisisa mubatanidzwa zvinhu mapuroteni mavambo. It anofukidza gastric mucosa pamusoro yose penyika uye anodzivirira nayo kubva zvokuimba zvakakanganisika uye kubva autodigestion kukwanisa kupedza kuitwa hydrochloric acid, mune mamwe mashoko - kuti neutralize.

The dumbu iri varipowo lipase - imwe enzayemu kuti anotanga kwemafuta. Gastric lipase maloaktivna uye kunyanya rinokanganisa mukaka kwemafuta.

Imwe nyaya rinofanira kuva panotaurwa - kunosimudzirawo ari Absorção de Água vhitamini B _12, biermerin. Yeuka kuti vhitamini _B12 inodikanwa kutapurirana ropa hemoglobin.

Basa hydrochloric asidhi ari kugaya

Hydrochloric asidhi zvaanopa simba gastric makemikari uye anobatsira kugaya kwemapurotini nokuti rinoita kuti kuzvimba uye kusunungura. Uyezve, kunouraya utachiona kupinda muviri nezvokudya. Hydrochloric asidhi ukasunungurwa mishonga duku, zvisinei iyo unosvikirwa mudumbu, zvakanyorwa zvazvichanyungudutswa zvokudya kana chinhu.

Asi ayo secretion ichitovimbawo nguva zuva: kuisa shoma pamwero gastric secretion kwakacherechedzwa munguva kubva 7 kusvika 11 am, uye kufadza - usiku. At okutambirwa chikafu mudumbu iine acid secretion dzinovhurika nokuwedzera basa vagus etsinga gastric distension uye makemikari nemishonga zvinoumba zvokudya pamusoro mucosa.

Chii svikiro mudumbu ichaongororwa mureza, ndozvakajairwa uye kutsauka

Achitaura iro unosvikirwa mudumbu hwakanaka munhu, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti dzakasiyana-siyana dzomuviri dzakasiyana ph tsika. Saka, chikuru mutengo uri 0,86 ph, uye shoma - 8.3. Standard mwero acidity mudumbu usina chawadya akaenzana 1.5-2.0; pamusoro romukati pemvura mucous rukoko chinoratidza ph 1,5-2,0, apo kudzama rukoko urwu - 7.0; kuguma mudumbu zvinosiyana 1,3-7,4.

Zvirwere mudumbu yakatanga somugumisiro ane kusaenzana kwezvinhu asidhi uye neyolizatsii uye vari zvakananga novimba worudzii svikiro mudumbu. Zvakakosha kuti ph tsika dzaiva nguva dzose muupenyu.

Refu hypersecretion pamusoro hydrochloric asidhi kana chakaremara kislotoneytralizatsiya kunotungamirira rakawedzera acidity mudumbu. Panguva iyoyowo kutanga zvokurwara kuti acid.

Low acidity hunhu hypoacid gastritis (gastroduodenitis), kenza. Chakarurama gastritis pamwe akaderedza acidity ndiko 5,0 ph uye zvakawanda. The chirwere kunyanya anovandudza apo masero ari gastric mucosa atrophy kana ravo dysfunction.

Gastritis zvakaoma. secretory kukanganisika

The zvokurwara rinowanikwa Varwere vakura uye kukwegura. Kakawanda zviri yechipiri, kuti kukura iri pakanyorwa mumwe, asati chirwere wake (semuenzaniso, benign gastric nemaronda) uye ndiye mugumisiro upi unosvikirwa mudumbu - alkaline, muchiitiko ichi.

Nokuti kukura uye kosi yacho chirwere kunoratidzwa kusavapo seasonality yakajeka uye kakawanda exacerbations, kureva nguva panowanikwa yavo uye refu nezvimwewo.

Zviratidzo secretory kukundikana

• Constant belching akaora kuravira.
• Svoto uye kurutsa panguva chenjera.
• Neanorexia (kurasikirwa kudya).
• Kunzwa Kutambudzika epigastric nharaunda.
• Rakatumbuka manyoka uye kupatira.
• Flatulence, kutinhira uye ropa mudumbu.
• Nokurasa chirwere: kunzwa nzwa dzungu pashure ingestion pamusoro carbohydrate zvokudya kunoitika nokuda kwava kuda kutambira chyme kubva dumbu mukati duodenum, panguva nokuderedza gastric basa.
• Uremu (vakawanda rutapudzo anosvika munhu makirogiramu shoma).

Gastrogennaya manyoka zvinogona kukonzerwa:

• maldigested chikafu kupinda mudumbu;
• rakapinza kusaenzana mune nedanho kugayiwa Mishonga faibha;
• nokukurumidza gastric nokuisa mukati kutyora pakazovharwa sphincter basa;
• kutyora bactericidal basa;
• abnormalities pakati rwatata.

Gastritis kwomuzvarirwo kana akakwidziridzwa secretion

chirwere ichi ane zvimwe nevanhu vechidiki. It ane chikuru hunhu, kureva zviratidzo kutanga kuonekwa pakarepo murwere, sapakutanga, haana kunzwa muduku akaratidza zvimwe kusanzwa uye subjectively vaiona pachavo utano. The chirwere kunoitika ne rakatumbuka exacerbations uye zororo, pasina raidudzwa seasonality. Kuti uone chaiyo zvokuongorora zvakafanira kuona chiremba, zvokuti akamugadza kuongorora, kusanganisira chokushandisa.

Munguva chenjera chokutambudzika, hunodzorwa marwadzo uye dyspeptic syndromes. Pain Kazhinji zvakajeka chokuita chokwadi, izvo unosvikirwa ari munhu dumbu panguva kudya. Marwadzo chirwere kunoitika anenge pakarepo pashure zvokudya. Kuderera kunokanganisa kutsanya marwadzo pashure (imwe nguva pashure kudya), zvichida mubatanidzwa kwayo.

Zviratidzo yakawedzera secretory shanda

• Marwadzo Kazhinji munyoro, dzimwe nguva achiperekedzwa dzvinyiriro uye uremu ari epigastrium.
• Late marwadzo zviri zvikuru.
• Dyspeptic chirwere akaratidza burp "anovava" mhepo, risingafadzi kuravira mumuromo, kuravidza zvirwere, kuda kurutsa, kurutsa Unotsigira marwadzo.
• Varwere kushushikana chirungurira, dzimwe nguva kwakakura.
• intestinal dyspepsia chirwere kunoratidzwa manyoka kana kupatira.
• Kazhinji akaratidza neurotic urwere, vaine utsinye, kuchinja, kushaya hope uye pereutomlyaemostyu.