Pakamukirwa pamusoro ngarawa "Ochakov" (1905) sezvo zvakanga

Nhasi zvakaoma kufungidzira kuti kukurumbira guru vakanakidzwa yokutanga emakore ari mufananidzo Soviet kunozivikanwa Russian nezvikepe refutenendi PP Schmidt. Biography ake aiziva vana vose Soviet vaida kufanana kunozivikanwa echimurenga, uye kumukira vashandi vari ngarawa "Ochakov" chaionekwa kuva peji mbiri echimurenga munhoroondo uye harbinger pakati kuchakunda vanhu simba.

Sei akanganwa vanopandukira refutenendi

Panguva kuti akura gutsaruzhinji kubva inondimukira mukuru, uyo akatungamirira mutinies, kunoita kuti haana kukanganwa, asi vakarangarira isingawanzowanikwi. Kunyanya pashure mumwe "echimurenga", mukuru rwechitatu Sablin, akapotsa akatungamirira Soviet guru antisubmarine chikepe "Gwaro" kuSweden (1975), kungoita utungamiriri enyika USSR zvinodiwa. The zvakafanana. ezvinhu nokumukirana vaviri, akaparadzaniswa nevanhu nguva penguva makumi manomwe, mupfungwa yakati, akakanda mumvuri pamusoro refutenendi Schmidt. Most kuvazivisa ndivo zviitiko zviri "Potemkin".

Two zvakafanana chimurenga

Pakuyeuka Mukupera mugovanisi vadzidzi pores yakavhenganiswa maviri Zvikamu kwakaitika wokuRussia nezvikepe pakati hondo wokuRussia-Japanese. On the yehondo "Prince Potemkin Tauride," kusafarira vezvikepe zvokudya zvakaipa ikava nyonganyonga, zvichiteverwa nechisimba uye vakaurayiwa. Officers vangangonyudzwa mugungwa uye akabayira munzira dzose, ipapo vakatanga atirari vaitenderera pa Odessa. Ngarava akasiya muRomania, umo akanga mujeri, uye chikwata - emauto akadzingwa mabasa.

Chimwe chinhu chakafanana chakaitika mune Sevastopol, uye kwete chete pane "Ochakovo", asi pane dzimwe zvikepe Black Sea Fleet. Musiyano yakanga kuti, zvose vapanduki panguva Odessa bvuta munhau akauya chete mukwasvi Vakulenchuk akauraya mukuru apo vachiedza vapanduki. Pakamukirwa pamusoro ngarawa "Ochakov" dzinotungamirirwa mukuru, mutauriri Naval Tsarist Russian vepamusoro. Iye anoyeukwa nokuda zvinooneka uye zvipfupi mameseji uye zvava teregiramu kuna Kesari. Uye nhamba vanobatwa munguva ino yakanga zvikuru.

Zvaiitika

Russia - nyika hombe. On kunharaunda yayo dzakavakidzana States vagara hankered pashure, kuda kubata zvishoma kwavo nyasha. Kure nengozi rakabva Japan. Muna 1904, chinangwa kuwedzera miganhu pfuma kwakawedzera kuva renguva pamwero utsinye. By kuti Russia wagadzirirwa asi hutungamiri munyika akatungamirira kuzodzosera vasingatsanyi zvakakwana. Kunyange zvakadaro, mvura mumakore mashomanana vakanga raparurwa sevatsvaki vemapuranga simba zvichangobva zvirongwa.

Series I ngarava Rank kwaisanganisira "Heroes", "Oleg" uye "Kagul". Newest akadzivirira sevatsvaki vemapuranga kuvaka yakanga "Ochakov". Ngarava idzi dzakanga speedboat akanga simba atirari zvombo, uye vanosangana zvose zvinodiwa wengarava nesayenzi panguva iyoyo. The vashandi neimwe inenge 565 vengarava. Ngarawa aifanira kudzivirira pemhenderekedzo Yababa akasiyana mumakungwa kumativi umambo.

The hondo Japan

The hondo Japan rakaitwa saka havaratidzi. Zvikonzero izvi zvaiva akawanda - kubva havaratidzi vakadzidziswa mauto nyore munyama inoratidzwa netsaona nokurasikirwa Admiral Makarov mumigwagwa Port Arthur. Paiva Japanese uchenjeri uye basa, wakaratidzwa nzwisisika kukoromora kuzvidzivirira simba Russia uye zvichikuchidzira manzwiro yokusagutsikana. Chokwadi, munhu anogona nharo kuti yokumwe Intelligence Agency akaronga kumukira pamusoro ngarawa "Ochakov". Date November 13 kwakaratidza zuva apo chikepe akasiya vakuru, vakatamira kusateerera izvi chikwata uye kutya nokuurayiwa. Pasina kuongorora dzokutambura zviitiko hazvibviri kunzwisisa ezvinhu bope.

Matangiro Ayakaita

Zvakangotanga vakatanga shure muna October, panguva enyika All-Russian ranwa. By kuronga izvi enyika matanho Japanese akachenjera Chokwadi, maonero ari, kunyange kusarudza. Yokusagadzikana akatora nzvimbo, kusanganisira muCrimea. Railroad amurove, vashandi dzimba yokudhinda, mabhengi nezvimwe mabhizimisi akawanda. mambo Manifesto yaOctober 17 haina dzaserera ari shungu pakati varwi vehurumende rusununguko, nekusiyana, ivo vakagamuchira Gwaro ichi chive chiratidzo chokusava nesimba. Refutenendi Schmidt akataura panguva dziite. Mune dispersal pakati kuratidzwa, vanhu vasere vakaurayiwa, vakawanda refutenendi pakati pezvimwe vaikurudzira vanhu bongozozo akasungwa, asi kare 19 October Schmidt vakapinda musangano City Council senhume kubva kuvanhu. Panguva ino nguva simba Sevastopol rakapotsa akatamira nevapanduki, murayiro zvinodzorwa nerimwe vanhu nevarwi, kwete chepamutemo mapurisa. Gare gare, Schmidt uchataura pamariro pakati vakaurayiwa crackdown uye achanunura munhu kutaura romoto. Akanga pakarepo kuzodzosera akasungwa pamberi November 14, yaiva pamusoro yehondo "Vasande Vatatu" pasi achinyepera pamutemo embezzlement. Akasunungurwa apo yemuna pamusoro ngarawa "Ochakov" uye dzimwe ngarava dzakawanda Black Sea Fleet kwakatoitika.

Chii chakanga Schmidt

Petr Petrovich Shmidt akararama makore 38 chete, asi mugumo wake hwakawanda akazara nezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana, kuti utsanangure kuti kutora bhuku, zvichida, kwete chete. Unhu vanopandukira refutenendi kwakanga kwakaoma, uye zviito zvake aigona kunzi pamakakatanwa, kana asina wafungidzira vamwe Kufunga mavari. Kubva pauduku, Peter akanga achitambura kubva mupfungwa chirwere, izvo haana kumusiira zvose hwake - kleptomania. Zvakaziviswa aiva mwana, ari mudiki kirasi regadziriro of Naval College, mukomana akatanga kuba zvinhu zviduku kubva nevamwe vadzidzi. Apedza, vose vaiziva jaya akaona hasha dzake dzakaipa kwazvo uye kushatirwa, kunokonzerwa hypertrophic vachizvikudza. Panguva yake basa Navy, iye zvimwe vakakwanisa kuroorwa pfambi Dominica Pavlova, izvo akatanga kuti Michael Stavrakis (panzira, ndiye muna 1906 acharayira kuurayiwa Schmidt). Chete kwakabva mhuri wengarava mbiri kwete kamwe, akaponesa jaya kwete kaviri kubva makatodzinga zvikepe.

Nokuti zvose zvayo zvikanganiso mukuru ane mano anoshamisa kuchireva sayenzi, zvakanaka Inoziva wekushandisa nezvimwe uchenjeri nepagungwa, aida kuridza chiridzwa chavo chinonzi cello. Awana pachinzvimbo chevatatu Midshipman mukuru Peter Schmidt akamuka siya - munguva iyi iye mufekitari okurima michina. Mune ramangwana, izvozvo akamupa chikonzero kuti aizviona somunhu vaiziva upenyu vanhuwo zvavo. Kana mukana kuva nomukurumbira, akatungamirira kumukira pamusoro ngarawa "Ochakov" - muna 1905 vakava sidereal nguva yaro.

nomureza vapanduki

The yepamutemo Soviet dzakaitika nesayenzi Inoti kuti zvakaitika 1905 aiva enyika uye zvoupfumi zvakakomba chawo, asi kana kwete inokosha imwe mukuru, havana kuva, dzinenge muna Sevastopol. Kutaura zvazviri, kumukira pamusoro ngarawa "Ochakov" akagadzirira uye rakatangwa pana Schmidt zvose, uye kuvhunduka boka, rine nhengo pachivande Bolshevik Ng Antonenko, SP privateers uye A. I. Gladkova. Zviripachena vaida munhu anofarira mumwe mukurumbira uye akapfeka wengarava yunifomu. On nomuvuki mukuru akaona kupfuura zvose, zviri yapfuura mazuva kwokumukira. Saka Schmidt akava mupenyu "mureza." basa iri iye pachena aifarira.

Sezvo Schmidt akaraira rengarava

Pakamukirwa pamusoro ngarawa "Ochakov" zvakaitika musi November 13 uye kare musi November 14, ngarava yasvika vasunungurwe pevhu refutenendi, kare akapfeka epaulets mukuru rwechipiri. Pane imwe tsananguro: maererano tafura vezvinzvimbo chinotevera pashure mutevedzeri waiva musoro chaizvo, uye dzimwe pamudyandigere, zvichava kupiwa kwaita. Zvisinei, kungoti kuti murwi pamusoro autocracy mutsa saka kuhondo uye mamakisi, ndizvo chaizvo. Ndiani akasvika mungarava mukuru pakarepo akarayira otsemaforit accession wayo pambiru mutungamiri yose rengarava, uye kupa Kesari teregiramu Kuwandirwa enyika kuchinja. Uyezve, akashanyira zviumbu wandei zvechiuto uye zvinobudirira akanyengetedza zvokuchenesa kuti kutsigira vapanduki.

Grigorieva vERSION

Chokwadi chokuti murayiro wengarava pakarepo arayira pakarepo uye utsinye kudzvinyirira yokupanduka, hapana chinoshamisa haana. Asi zviitiko izvi, pane chimwe chikonzero chiri unobvumira zvishoma zvakasiyana kuonesesa navo. Akakurumbira wenhau Anatoly Grigoriev of yemuna pamusoro "Ochakovo" akanyora nhamba nyaya izvo zvinova pachena inoshamisa panguva chiito Rigidity. Chokwadi ndechokuti zvikepe mupanduki rinenge pakarepo akasvinudzwa rinorema moto, izvo akaramba pashure muhondo chinangwa akatosvika zvaitwa, uye kuramba riri woutsinye. Mukuwedzera, ngarawa vasingagoni kupa zvizere zvingakusembura, sezvo haisati yapera basa pariri - akanga padariro kupera vakatora zvombo, ndiro, Chokwadi, munhu wose aiziva.

Version iri sezvinotevera: vakasiyana kare raparurwa mungarava "Hercules" series, kuRussia ngarawa "Ochakov" yakavakwa ne vakawanda kutyorwa zvigadzirwa, uye kuvakwa kwave pamwe kushungurudzwa simba, vakaratidza chaiye embezzlement. Persons imomu tsotsi chitsotsi, akaedza kuvanza zvisaririra. Kana yemuna vakatanga pamusoro ngarawa "Ochakov", vakarikunda sezvo mukana kubvisa uchapupu, waiva chikepe achirwara-fated. Mugumisiro yave zhinji vakafa uye yakanyanya kuvadza chikepe. Kunyura uye vakakundikana - kunyange kuba, yakavakwa pamusoro hana namambo.

zvabuda

Nhasi zvinobvira yokusuma yakakwirira mukana, sokunge. Pakamukirwa pamusoro ngarawa "Ochakov", kufanana nezvimwe zviitiko zvakawanda vakawanda kusateerera pahondo uye zvikepe, waiva mugumisiro kupidigura mabasa Social-Democratic Party, vakakonaniranarozve munzira dzose kupedza tsarist Russia kunyange achikanganisa vakakurirwa zvechiuto. Zvinetso muchiuto, Chokwadi, vakanga. Uyezve, vari uye vachagara chero nyika. Kana zvakakwana yepamusoro zvokudya chinokonzera yokupanduka (uye kushivirira kuti kuvafambisi vengarava zvavo, kwagara zvakanaka chaizvo, kunyange mitemo nhasi), vatungamiriri munyika vanofanira kufunga zvakaoma uye kutora nokukurumidza uye zvikuru matanho kudzivirira zviitiko zvakadaro mune ramangwana. Pasinei rufu mitsetse kuzorwa vaikurudzira (Schmidt, Gladkov, uye Antonenko Chastnik vakapfurwa musi Berezan), zvakakomba mhedziso asina kuitwa. Pane zvimwe zviitiko zvizhinji, akadana wokutanga Russian pakuru, chikamu chakanga kwebope riri ngarawa "Ochakov". Musi "1905" ipapo zvose kupendwa muropa yakatsvuka.